船旗国监督分析

今年11月间,我国政府将接受国际海事组织自愿审核机制评审组对我国开展的审核,有关船旗国职责的话题正不断升温。对船旗国义务的起源进行重新审视,探讨船旗管理的发展趋势有助于加快我国相关法律法规制度的健全和推进。     

简析海事部门全面、有效地履行《2006年海事劳工公约》

专家预计《2006年海事劳工公约》将于2011年生效,我国将在合适时机批准该公约。公约的批准和生效将对我国海事部门的履约工作产生重大影响,如何积极应对、制定有效的对策是摆在海事部门面前重要而迫切的工作。文中着重分析了与海事部门有密切关系的条款并加以分析,希望能对海事部门有效开展履约工作提供帮助。     

应对港口国监督中“新手对新船”情况的思考

由于近几年海事队伍的不断壮大,如今的港口国监督工作时常会由经验较少或相关公约知识不足的新任执法人员担当。鉴于此种情况,文中从新生效公约、船舶软件和船舶硬件三方面入手提出学习建议,使其在较短时间内进入工作角色,并能较专业地开展港口国监督工作。     

电动汽车SOC估算方法

由于电动汽车的电池组受到温度、充放电次数及电池老化等方面因素的影响,导致现有的剩余电量预测技术很难得到精确和可靠的结果。文章简要介绍现有的电池剩余电量估计的方法：安时计量法,电压测量法,内阻法,神经网络和模糊推理的方法及卡尔曼滤波法,并对这几种方法进行了实用性分析。表明卡尔曼滤波法是目前比较有价值的研究方向,且应用前景广泛。     

Stakeholder Collaboration and Organizational Innovation in the Planning of the Deschutes Estuary Feasibility Study

Coastal managers have sought to enhance the collaborative inputs of stakeholder groups into management activities. Nonetheless, established organizational approaches have led to primarily consultative forms of engagement and constrained citizen involvement in formative activities. In Olympia, Washington, managers overseeing the Deschutes Estuary Feasibility Study (DEFS) implemented an innovative cooperative research planning initiative that diverged from conventional consultative processes. Stakeholders, rather than government officials, identified the research priorities for the socioeconomic component of this restoration feasibility study. This design method altered the traditional roles and responsibilities of different organizational actors, and the involvement of citizen groups in these formative activities changed the relationship between governmental and nongovernmental actors. Using conceptual frameworks from organizational sociology, this study develops insights into the behavior of the organizations involved with the DEFS cooperative planning effort, demonstrating how engaging stakeholders in formative research planning activities may foster new types of collaboration among coastal management organizations.     

铁路腕臂绝缘子污秽外绝缘状态评估方法研究

为了合理评估电气化铁路绝缘子的外绝缘状态,改进铁路绝缘子污闪预防措施,以电气化铁路腕臂绝缘子为研究对象,利用人工污秽试验方法,研究绝缘子在不同污秽度条件下的染污放电过程。通过监测染污腕臂绝缘子受潮期间的泄漏电流,提取出泄漏电流最大值I_h,依据I_h与污秽度和受潮程度的关联,建立I_h与试品闪络电压Uf的联系。在此基础上,综合考虑腕臂绝缘子的形状系数f和爬电距离L引入综合特征量I*,并提出形如U_f=a I~(*-b)的污闪预警模型。试验研究发现:对于不同结构参数的腕臂类绝缘子,由于放电特性接近,预警模型U_f=a I(*-b)具有一定的普适性,模型预测结果与实测结果吻合良好,且系数a、b可作常数处理;但是,当试验对象为输电线路用悬式绝缘子XWP2-160时,由于XWP2-160型绝缘子和腕臂绝缘子的结构有显著差异,导致两者的染污放电特征迥异,系数a、b要以变量对待。研究认为:对于外形结构接近的染污绝缘子,模型U_f=a I(*-b)能够有效预测该类绝缘子的闪络电压,并能以此评价绝缘子的外绝缘状态。本文相关结论适用于电气化铁路腕臂类绝缘子,对于绝缘子的日常维护工作有指导参考意义。     

State Wetland Protection: A Matter of Context?

Models of integrated management emphasize the role of the surrounding socioeconomic and political environment in influencing management choices for natural resources. In this study, we explore a model that examines the influence of socioeconomic and political variables on the wetland management programs of U.S. states. Logistic regression was used to identify environmental, socioeconomic, and political variables that explained variation in state wetland programs. The likelihood of strong planning, nonregulatory, regulatory, and overall programs increases as the importance of fisheries in the state increases (p < 0.05), but decreases as population density increases (p < 0.15). Furthermore, there is an increasing likelihood of stronger regulatory and overall programs as environmental group activity and industry importance increases (p < 0.05). These findings provide empirical evidence to support the contention that management approaches used in one state often must be adapted to fit the realities of another given state.     

Estimation of land vehicle roll and pitch angles

In this article, two kinematics-based observers are proposed to estimate the vehicle roll and pitch angles by using an inertial measurement unit. The observers are mathematically proven to be stable if the vehicle yaw rate is not zero. With a design variation of the observer gains, the estimated roll or pitch angle is shown to further asymptotically converge to the true value, eliminating possible errors caused by the biases of the acceleration signals. Simulation results show that accurate estimation of both pitch and roll angles can be achieved without the help of external sensors such as global positioning systems, either by using the accelerometer-based reference pitch or roll angle as the maneuver varies, or by using an observer with zero steady-state error property.     

道岔运用状态监测系统研究

道岔运用状态监测系统通过对在用道岔的关键参数进行周期或实时测量,为养护维修提供决策支持。通过岔区设置的多组光电传感器,实时检测各点数据并传输至终端处理器;通过数据分析,确定潜在的设备损耗和变化趋势,提供预、报警信息,可及时消除设备故障,减少设备维护工作量。     

集中式25 Hz相敏轨道电路调整表仿真计算

集中式25 Hz相敏轨道电路是近年来新兴的一种站内轨道电路制式,设备集中室内设置,实现了集中调压/调相,具有结构简单、维护方便以及抗干扰能力强的特点。本文采用四端网络理论,建立集中式25 Hz相敏轨道电路调整态的基本数学模型,利用MATLAB软件中的GUI设计,生成参数仿真结果及系统调整表,以此作为该系统调整及维护的理论依据。