车辆转向轻便性人-车-路闭环系统计算机仿真研究

对车辆转向轻便性建模仿真中的人-车-路闭环系统建模方法进行了阐述,提出了一种在地面坐标系统中求驾驶员预瞄轨迹误差的数值解法。该方法使用二分法求解直线与双纽线的交点,避免了使用一般解法出现增根且难以取舍以及使用复杂的非线性方程求根函数时计算量大的问题,能够方便地计算出驾驶员预瞄轨迹误差,使最优预瞄驾驶员模型能够适用于航向角大范围变化的转向轻便性试验仿真。     

Interaction of vehicle and steering system regarding on-centre handling

For the on-centre handling behaviour of vehicles the steering system is absolutely important. To investigate the interaction of the vehicle and steering system a validated, especially tailored simulation model was developed. Some meaningful vehicle and steering system parameters are altered to show the influence on steering wheel torque, steering feel and understeer. The results underline the importance of an accurate steering system model. Identified measures to improve the centre feel and steering response were a stiffer torsion bar, a higher cornering stiffness or a lower overall steering ratio. The steering response, however, suffers when the centre feel is improved by a higher trail. The steering rack friction reduces mainly the steering response while the steering column friction decreases the centre feel whereas a stiffer torsion bar lessens the understeer tendency.     

带转向机构HCA在杭州湾跨海大桥斜拉索减振中的应用

杭州湾跨海大桥北航道桥为主跨448m的钻石型双塔双空间索面钢箱梁斜拉桥，通航净空为47m，按双向六车道高速公路设计，设计时速100km／h。为改善行车安全性，国内首次在栏杆外侧设置了风障（高度从近塔4．27m至远塔3．4m），为了确保整桥隽秀的景观前提下开发了带转向机构的拉索减振器，对全桥拉索进行了理论分析和安装减振器后的实桥测试。     

A new active variable stiffness suspension system using a nonlinear energy sink-based controller

This paper presents the active case of a variable stiffness suspension system. The central concept is based on a recently designed variable stiffness mechanism which consists of a horizontal control strut and a vertical strut. The horizontal strut is used to vary the load transfer ratio by actively controlling the location of the point of attachment of the vertical strut to the car body. The control algorithm, effected by a hydraulic actuator, uses the concept of nonlinear energy sink (NES) to effectively transfer the vibrational energy in the sprung mass to a control mass, thereby reducing the transfer of energy from road disturbance to the car body at a relatively lower cost compared to the traditional active suspension using the skyhook concept. The analyses and simulation results show that a better performance can be achieved by subjecting the point of attachment of a suspension system, to the chassis, to the influence of a horizontal NES system.     

电动汽车EPS助力工况柔性PID控制及试验

建立了汽车3自由度转向模型和EPS动力学模型,设计了助力工况的无缝车速助力模式和柔性PID控制器.柔性PID控制器可根据控制误差大小,判断系统误差所在的运行状态,实时调整控制器结构和控制参数.分别在车速为20 km/h、30 km/h和40 km/h情况下进行蛇行仿真和实车试验结果表明,柔性PID控制与无控制和原车控制...     

卡车考虑轮胎侧偏影响的内外轮转角关系试验研究

介绍了一种考虑轮胎侧偏影响的车轮内外角关系研究的方法,并通过试验分析了车轮内外轮的转角关系变化,同时使用该方法对车轮转角关系进行了分析。结果表明,在小转角的时候,百分比阿克曼校正率在合理范围内,随着转角增大该值逐步增大,轮胎内外轮侧偏角的差值也逐渐增大,使得轮胎磨损趋势增加。     

整体式转向梯形的设计方法研究

为了在整体式转向梯形设计过程中考虑轮胎侧偏的影响,采用了百分比阿克曼校正率对阿克曼转角关系进行了修正。设计过程中使用了MATLAB数学工具箱以及空间运动分析的方法分析转向梯形的空间运动规律,并且考虑四轮定位参数对转角关系的影响。分析结果表明,通过考虑轮胎侧偏影响设计的转向梯形与现有车型的转向梯形参数比较接近,同时通过灵敏度分析发现,梯形参数中的梯形底角对车轮转角关系的影响很大。     

一种极低功耗运算放大器的设计与仿真

为了满足低电压低功耗的应用需求,本文利用MOSFET在亚阈区的超低功耗特性,实现了一种带共模反馈的亚阈运算放大器.该亚阈运算放大器结构简单,采用TSMC 0.18μm工艺实现,且工作于1.2 V电源电压下.通过Synopsys Hspice仿真,结果表明,该电路在输出负载为0.5pF时直流增益为70.97 dB、单位增益带宽6.346 MHz、相位裕度85.76°、正负压摆率分别为3.58V/μs和-3.58 V/μs,功耗仅为4.80μW.     

通道式客车瞬间转向失控成因分析

本文从转向运动学的角度,对通道式客车发生瞬间转向失控的形成原因进行了分析,并提出了防止的方法与措施.     

Analysis of steering performance of differential coupling wheelset

In order to improve the curving performance of the conventional wheelset in sharp curves and resolve the steering ability problem of the independently rotating wheel in large radius curves and tangent lines, a differential cou- pling wheelset （DCW） was developed in this work. The DCW was composed of two independently rotating wheels （IRWs） coupled by a clutch-type limited slip differential. The differential contains a static pre-stress clutch, which could lock both sides of IRWs of the DCW to ensure a good steering performance in curves with large radius and tangent track. In contrast, the clutch could unlock the two IRWs of the DCW in a sharp curve to endue it with the characteristic of an IRW, so that the vehicles can go through the tight curve smoothly. To study the dynamic performance of the DCW, a multi-body dynamic model of single bogie with DCWs was established. The self-centering capability, hunting stability, and self-steering performance on a curved track were analyzed and then compared with those of the conventional wheelset and IRW. Finally, the effect of coupling parameters of the DCW on the dynamic performance was investigated.