弯曲荷载作用下水位变动区域混凝土中氯离子扩散规律试验

为了明确氯离子在水位变动区域混凝土中的扩散特性,研究了干湿交替条件和弯曲荷载共同作用下氯离子在混凝土中的扩散规律。试验过程中考虑3个试验因素:混凝土强度等级、弯曲荷载水平、应力性质。试验结果表明:随着混凝土强度等级的提高,氯离子扩散性能降低;随着荷载水平的提高,受拉区混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀的能力降低,受压区混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀的能力有所提高;受拉区混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀能力明显低于受压区;无论承受受压荷载还是受拉荷载,随着时间的延长,氯离子在混凝土中的扩散系数均逐渐降低。     

斜拉扣挂法分离式扣挂系统在钢管拱桥的应用与浅析

当拱桥跨度较大、拱肋节段较多、地形复杂、建筑高度较高时,可以采取缆索吊装—斜拉扣挂法.先在拼装场地将拱肋分段预制,而后利用缆索吊机将拱段吊装就位,并用扣索将其固定,再吊装后续节段直至合龙的一种方法.该法主要特点是适用性强,特别对于跨越峡谷的大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥.本文就张花高速海螺猛洞河大桥分离式扣挂系统在钢管拱桥中的应用进行简单的分析.     

压力容器的应力腐蚀及控制

应力腐蚀是压力容器腐蚀破坏的重要形式,尤其是这种断裂失效呈脆性断裂的特点,易导致灾难性后果。阐述了压力容器应力腐蚀断裂产生的条件和特征,并从合理选材、降低或消除应力和改善环境等方面提出了控制应力腐蚀断裂的技术措施。     

技术扩散视域下高校教师柔性流动图景 ——基于信息科学与系统科学学科教师的履历分析

文章以清华大学、北京航空航天大学和东北大学等30所大学1080位信息科学与系统科学学科教师为例,基于履历信息对技术扩散中高校教师特征、流动模式、国际流动区域进行统计分析.结果表明,柔性流动以工作经历丰富、男性和高级职称教师为主;产业间流动以委托项目、项目协作等短期模式为主,产业内流动以学术组织兼职为主,国际流动区域主要...     

Study on hot spot stress distribution of three-planar tubular Y-joints subjected to in-plane bending moment

The three-planar tubular Y-joint (3Y-joint) is the main part of the fatigue assessment of tripod substructures of offshore wind turbines (OWTs). As typical multiplanar tubular joints, 3Y-joints are affected a lot by multiplanar interaction between braces. Moreover, the locations of hot spot stress (HSS) can vary considerably under different load types. Thus, the distributions of stress concentration factor (SCF) and multiplanar interaction factor (MIF) along weld toe curves are necessary to calculate HSS. Considering these requirements, this study focuses on the 3Y-joint considering the wide application of the tripod substructure of OWT. A finite element (FE) analysis method is introduced and validated. Then, a numerical database is established covering common ranges of parameters used in practice. The SCF and MIF of 3Y-joint under in-plane bending moment are analyzed. Distribution formulas are proposed and proved suitable for calculating HSS in engineering design.     

Stress concentration factors in FRP-reinforced tubular DKT joints under axial loads

The stress concentration factors (SCFs) in uniplanar fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) DKT joints are calculated under five axial loading conditions to determine the maximum SCFs. To this end, 108 finite element models of reinforced DKT joints with different FRPs and geometrical parameters are analysed. Available experimental data and formulas are used to validate the finite element models. The validated finite element models are utilized to investigate the effects of the FRP parameters along with different geometrical parameters on the stress concentration factors in uniplanar DKT joints. The simulations show a reduction of the maximum SCF by around 40% compared to unreinforced DKT joints. The reduction effect increases significantly with increasing the FRP thickness and the number of layers. Despite the notable efficacy of the FRP sheets on the drop of the SCFs in the X-connections, there is not any study or equation on the X-joints with FRP. Therefore, a precise equation is proposed for quantifying the SCFs in X-connections with FRP and is checked against the UK DoE acceptance standard.     

浮式平台上部模块非管节点SCF控制方法

应力集中系数（Stress Concentration Factor，SCF）是评估节点疲劳损伤的重要参数。针对浮式平台上部模块非管节点的SCF控制，设计5种加强形式，采用Ansys软件对非管节点进行SCF分析。结果表明：筋板加强可有效改善面外弯矩作用下的应力集中；扣管加强对轴向力、面内弯矩和面外弯矩均具有较好的改善效果。     

外部气流影响下的船舶通风口烟气扩散试验

为预先确定船舶初步设计中的通风口系统在外部气流场作用下的排气效果，找出设计方案在通风口排气方面存在的问题，采用计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）和风道试验的方法进行研究。以外部气流作用下的通风口烟气扩散试验为研究对象，建立含通风口边界条件的风道三维网格模型，求解不同气体流速下的黏性不可压缩定常流动。计算不同外部气流速度下和不同通风口布局下排气中的CO2分布扩散情况，结果表明来流速度增大会加快CO2体积分数沿流向的衰减速率，削弱CO2横向扩散程度。根据试验结果验证计算的准确性，证明应用CFD技术可评估通风口布局的优劣。