Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段地震响应分析

根据隧道地震安全性评价报告和地勘资料,建立了三维数值计算模型并采用一致粘弹性人工边界模拟动力边界,对高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段进行了瞬态动力计算。计算结果表明:在三向地震荷载激励下,洞口段衬砌的地震响应具有明显滞后性,衬砌以水平横向振动为主、轴向振动次之、竖向振动最弱;洞口段衬砌的拱腰部位将承受极大拉应力和剪应力,可设减震层吸收地震能量。通过对衬砌相对位移的分析得出,衬砌横向和轴向变形都很小,衬砌稳定性尚好。     

疏桩基础的加固机理与应用

文章结合沪宁高速公路软土地基处理实例,阐述了疏桩基础的加固机理及疏桩基础的应力分布特征,通过对疏桩基础的试验,及疏桩基础与普通CFG桩分析对比,表明使用疏桩基础技术比CFG桩技术具有更好的经济效益。     

流沙层注浆数值模拟研究

分析了流沙层地质结构特点,应用有限元分析软件COMSOL Multiphysics对流沙层渗透注浆进行稳态与瞬态的数值模拟研究,分别计算了静水条件下和动水条件下注浆浆液扩散过程,分析了动水条件下浆液扩散规律,分析了不同注浆材料及不同注浆压力对浆液扩散过程的影响.研究结果表明:浆液在渗流场中大致呈钟形分布且都存在逆水流扩散区域,浆液与水之间没有明显分界面而是存在一个过渡区.压力从进水边界和注浆口向出流边界衰减,在注浆口和进水边界之间存在一个压力极小值点并存在一个速度接近零的区域.浆液黏度越低扩散范围越大.随着注浆压力的增加,浆液扩散范围不断增加,两相渗流达到稳定渗流状态所需要的时间也变长.     

On the dilution of liquid waste in ships' wakes

A study of the mixing behavior of liquid waste after ocean dumping is essential for the identification of dump sites, as well as for impact assessment on the surrounding oceanic waters. The dilution of liquid waste in the wakes of ships at sea is explored in this study, and the effects of the circumstances of the discharge operation such as the discharge rate, and the size and speed of the vessel, and the oceanic parameters such as currents and turbulence level in the water column, are examined. the mixing process is categorized into three stages: near-wake, far-wake, and long-term diffusion. Dilution rates in the three stages are derived, based on the theories of diffusion and momentumless wakes. In the far-wake stage, the speed of the ship is the most effective parameter in enhancing the dilution rate. The formulae for dilution rates in the farwake stage and for long-term diffusion agree well with field measurements, while the well-known IMCO formula underestimates the dilution rate. Presented at the International Conference on Technology for Marine Environment Preservation (MARIENV '95), Tokyo, Japan, September 24–29, 1995.     

青藏线波纹管涵洞现场试验及理论分析

以位于青藏线DK945 849,海拔高度在4 200 m以上的一座金属波纹管单孔试验涵洞(孔径1.5m)为背景,进行新型波纹管涵洞管壁应力的试验研究。施工过程中不同填土高度下,波纹管不同断面和部位应力的试验结果表明:各测点波峰、波谷的应力随着填土高度的增加迅速增大,波中点应力的变化不大;波纹管涵洞的控制截面是管顶和管底;最大应力出现在路肩下的截面,达170 MPa。该金属波纹管在施工过程中安全系数为1.68,在规范允许范围内。将实测土压力作用在裸管上,进行管壁应力理论分析和有限元计算,其结果略大于应力实测值,误差较小,且偏于安全。验证了实测管壁应力和土压力值的正确性,说明理论分析和有限元分析可用于波纹管涵洞的设计。     

锥-环-柱结合壳的应力和稳定性

本文用解析法计算了受中面均布法向载荷作用的锥-环-柱结合壳中的应力值，并根据Trefftz准则计算了其失稳临界压力。计算结果说明，在总体几何尺寸与壳厚相同的情况下，锥-环-柱结合壳与锥-柱结合亮相比，过渡区的局部应力值显著减小，失稳临界压力提高。     

Ductile crack initiation behavior in steels with compressive prestrain

It is well known that compressive prestrain reduces ductility in steels. On the other hand, it has also been found that high stress triaxiality reduces equivalent plastic strain at the onset of ductile fracture. In this research, plate specimens and notched bar specimens, which were prestrained in compression with bending, were used in reversed bending tests, and the effect of compressive prestrain on ductile crack initiation in steels was investigated. It was found that small ductile cracks occurred from the microscopic wrinkles which were formed on the concave surface with compressive prestrain. The critical relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain at ductile crack initiation was investigated by finite-element analysis. It was found that ductile crack initiation in steels with compressive prestrain can be estimated qualitatively by the relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain.     

基于CATIA和ANSYS的货车驱动桥壳有限元分析

为验证某货车驱动桥壳是否会出现断裂和塑性变形,利用CATIA软件对某货车驱动桥壳建立三维实体模型,通过传递数据接口,把模型导入有限元分析软件ANSYS,对驱动桥壳进行了2.5倍满载轴荷下的应力分布和变形情况分析。计算结果为：板壳和凸缘连接处最大应力为186MPa,小于材料屈服强度295MPa;轮距最大变形量为0.405728mm/m,小于国家规定的1.5mm/m,该驱动桥壳强度满足设计要求。表明驱动桥半轴套筒与轮毂内轴承的接触面和桥壳与凸缘连接处容易发生损坏,该方法为进一步优化改进设计提供了可靠的理论依据。     

沿海混凝土桥氯离子扩散修正模型及其应用

为了给沿海地区在役混凝土桥梁的耐久性研究提供更加可靠的理论依据,针对影响沿海地区混凝土桥梁耐久性的主要因素——氯离子侵蚀引起钢筋的锈蚀,从氯离子扩散的角度出发,综合各国氯离子扩散的相关数学模型,提出考虑荷载影响因子和氯离子结合能力这2种因素的混凝土氯离子扩散修正模型,并借助于各国相关的试验数据对氯离子扩散修正模型进行了验证和分析。研究结果表明：与传统的仅考虑单一影响因素的氯离子扩散模型相比,所提出的氯离子扩散修正模型更加合理,可以更准确地预测沿海地区在役混凝土桥梁的剩余使用寿命。