站台雨棚钢结构在锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估

考虑钢构件由锈蚀引起的几何削弱及材性退化,提出一种钢结构在锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估方法。通过引入大气腐蚀模型,采用锈蚀缺陷分析方法建立结构有限元模型,同时给出锈蚀钢材屈服应力比下降标准曲线得到结构剩余承载力准则。基于该评估方法,通过迭代计算构件的临界失重率,进而确定构件的损伤系数(耐久性指标)。结合算例阐述站台雨棚钢结构在大气均匀锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估流程。研究结果表明:站台雨棚整体结构的损伤系数随服役时间近似呈线性增长;均匀锈蚀引起的几何削弱与材性退化对结构整体的损伤系数几乎相同;该分析流程可为高铁站台雨棚在大气锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估提供参考。     

Modelling of the pavement acoustic longevity in Hong Kong through machine learning techniques

Traffic noise emission has long been a pervasive environmental and ecological problem, especially in the metropolitan cities with large-scale traffic network and high population density. Low noise road surface (LNRS) has been actively developed and applied as an effective measure to maintain the quieter environment of mobility service system. However, when LNRS is applied for noise abatement, the relationship between the acoustic performance and degradation of pavement has not been fully understood yet. To this end, this study aims to model the acoustic longevity of asphalt pavement as a function of the thickness, binder content, maximum aggregate size, and air void content of the pavement surface, as well as vehicle speed based on the long-term tyre-road noise data collected from 270 asphalt pavement sections in Hong Kong. Two machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM), were employed and compared. It was found that both ANN and SVM could successfully model the pavement acoustic performance with acceptable model performance metrics. A case study showed that the ANN model was more aligned with the aging mechanisms of porous road surface, but the SVM model showed better training performance. The predicted acoustic deterioration rates of the porous surface case varied from −0.1 to 0.28 dB(A)/month rather than keeping a constant linear increasing trend, depending on pavement ageing periods and vehicle speed levels. The two-dimension sensitivity analysis (2D-SA) revealed the relative importance of pavement age and vehicle speed in controlling the acoustic performance.     

降低东疆保税港周界安防系统误漏报率

周界安全防范技术能够对重要物品设施进行保护,避免出现盗窃和恶意破坏的行为。近年来随着安防行业的迅速发展以及港口周界对安防等级要求的不断提高,周界防范技术在港口的应用和需求也明显增长。本文对天津东疆保税港周界安防现状进行分析研究,提出了降低周界安防系统误漏报率的方法。     

浮动核电站安全壳泄漏率指标分配

[目的]为了探索船用堆安全壳整体和局部泄漏率水平,明确安全壳密封性试验验收准则标准,并开展安全壳周围舱室的气载放射性物质浓度分析。[方法]基于陆上核电站安全壳密封性试验标准,根据"标准分析-提出指标-验证指标"的总体思路,开展浮动核电站泄漏率指标分配、泄漏率计算和可行性分析研究。[结果]结果表明,设计基准事故工况下,浮动核电站安全壳整体泄漏率应控制在3‰/24 h左右,B类和C类贯穿件泄漏率分配分别占整体泄漏率的10%和50%;在试验工况下,安全壳整体泄漏率考虑25%的设计余量。[结论]泄漏率数值分析计算结果满足指标要求,并具有较好的设计余量,对明确安全壳密封性试验验收准则具有重要参考价值。     

Analysis on acoustic performance of floating raft vibration isolation system with liquid tank北大核心CSCD

［Objective］This paper aims to establish a dynamic model of a floating raft vibration isolation system with a liquid tank in order to study the mass effect of the liquid medium, tank form, structural stiffness and loading rate on acoustic performance. ［Methods］A floating raft system with a cuboidal or cylindrical liquid tank is taken as the research object, and a fluid-structure coupling finite element dynamic model is established. The dynamic force transmission rate and power flow are then used to evaluate the acoustic performance of the system. The influence of the mass effect of the liquid medium, tank form, structural stiffness and loading rate of tank volume on the acoustic performance of the floating raft system are analyzed.［Results］The results show similar laws obtained through the calculation and analysis of the floating raft system with two types of tanks. The structural stiffness of the tank affects the mass effect of the liquid medium in the tank to a certain extent. ［Conclusions］If full advantage is to be taken of the liquid mass effect in the tank with a large loading rate to improve the acoustic performance of the floating raft system, the design of the liquid tank and raft structure must have sufficient stiffness. In addition, under the condition that the floating raft structure has sufficient stiffness, its acoustic performance will improve significantly as the tank loading rate increases in the relevant low frequency range. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

基于OTDM的铁路区间光纤通信系统复用电路设计

根据铁路区间通信的需求,本文提出一种基于OTDM(光时分复用)技术的铁路区间光纤通信系统的复用与解复用电路设计方案.对车站发送的同步码进行检测,根据检测结果实现各个无源光接口之间的时钟同步,实现了数据的复用与解复用,不同码率间的转换.试验结果表明设计具有可行性,可提供2M和64 k两种数据接口.     

进离港航班容量及其影响因素

针对机场容量限制导致的航班延误问题,以最大航班流量为决策目标,建立了进离港航班容量模型.该 模型采用离散时间混合排队算法,对可能出现的冲突情况建立转移概率矩阵,并基于冲突因子优化模型性能,推 导出进离港容量的数学公式,设计出算法流程.以成都双流国际机场的实际数据进行仿真,结果表明:当进、离港 航班率分别为0.6和0.5、机场吞吐率为0.8时,模型预测的数据与实际航班信息的标准差分别为1.552和 1.436;当进港请求近似为泊松分布时,机场吞吐率越大,拒绝的航班请求数量越少,机场吞吐率与计划进离港容 量正相关.      

双边定数截尾情形下一个两参数有浴盆形状失效率的寿命分布参数的Bayes估计

在双边定数截尾情形下,给出了一个2参数有浴盆形状失效率的寿命分布参数的极大似然估计和在平方损失下基于无信息先验下和共轭先验信息下的Bayes估计,通过大量的Monte-Carlo数值模拟试验,对这2种情况下的估计的结果与极大似然估计作了比较.当样本n较大时,r愈大,s愈小,即丢失数据的数目愈小,Γ先验的Bayes估计与极大似然估计差不多,更接近于真值,都比无先验的Bayes估计要好.     

Effects of cooling rates on microstructures and mechanical properties of Nb-Ti microalloyed steel

The mechanical properties and microstructure of as-cast Nb-Ti microalloyed steel at different temperatures and cooling rates are investigated in this paper. The III brittle zone (700?C900°C) is revealed. The reduction of the hot ductility is due to the film-like proeutectoid ferrite or the Nb(C, N) precipitates along the austenitic grain boundaries. In the temperature range of 850?C1 000°C, with the increase of the cooling rate, the hot ductility decreases. However, in the range of 650?C850°C, the appearance of large volume fractions of ferrite on austenite grain boundaries minimizes the effect of cooling rate on hot ductility. When the cooling rate is 10°C/s, austenite transforms more quickly to ferrite and at a lower temperature a larger amount of ferrite nucleates and precipitates in the grain, which leads to a sharper improvement in the hot ductility at 650°C.     

山区公路事故率与平面线形的关系

统计了2条山区公路的交通事故数据与平面线形数据,采用角度变化率作为平面线形的表征参数,对样本路段区间内的事故率与角度变化率进行回归分析,分别计算了当前样本路段向前0.25、0.50、0.75、1.00、1.50km等多个计算区间上的平均角度变化率。对角度变化率进行二次处理,利用最小二乘法拟合了事故率与角度变化率之间的曲线关系。分析结果表明:路段1、2区间内的事故率与角度变化率的拟合判定系数较低,分别为0.414 2和0.120 8;在当前样本路段向前0.50km的计算区间上,事故率与平均角度变化率的正二次抛物线关系均最明显,拟合判定系数分别为0.966 1和0.790 8;当平均角度变化率大约在0.002 0(°).km-1时,事故率最低。