活塞环表面多元多层纳米膜的组织分析

采用离子镀表面处理技术,在活塞环表面获得了多元多层纳米膜。利用视频显微分析仪、扫描电子显微镜对涂层显微组织进行分析,用X射线衍射方法测定了涂层中的物相,用显微硬度计测定了涂层的显微硬度。分析结果表明,活塞环表面获得了致密且与基体结合良好的多元多层纳米膜,其厚度为2-5μm,单层膜的厚度为100～230nm。多元多层纳米膜由TiN、Ti2N、CrN等物相组成,显微硬度为1400～2027HV。     

Estimation Method for Ground Settlements of the Karst Tunnel in Soil Surrounding Rock北大核心CSCD

Waterseepageofakarsttunnelsectioninsoilsurroundingrockispronetosurfacesubsidence.Considering the settlement caused by descending of water level due to water leakage, a method of surface settlement estimation under steady seepage of phreatic water was proposed. Based on the seepage and consolidation theory, the changes of dead-weight and seepage effective stress of soil unit in surrounding rock was analyzed in condition of water seepage, and the settlement zone of surrounding rock was divided by taking the funnel curve of precipitation as the boundary line. A two-dimension plane was established based on the excavation cross section and the estimation formula for surface settlement due to seepage effect was deduced by means of double integral. On the basis of Yaozhai tunnel of Liuzhai-Hechi Expressway in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the surface settlement of soil surrounding sec⁃ tion was predicted by field measurement and formula estimation respectively. Facts and figures show that the mea⁃ sured values are mainly consistent with the estimation ones, while the measured values are larger than the estima⁃ tion ones within the scope 3 m away from the excavation face along the horizontal radial direction. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

基于物面重叠的多附体船舶阻力数值模拟

阐述物面重叠技术,介绍重叠网格的基本原理以及物面重叠的处理方法,在此基础上采用单相Level-Set捕捉自由面方法和RANS方程对某型带多件附体的船舶进行阻力数值模拟,对其流场和自由面波形进行分析。与模型试验结果进行对比发现:数值计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,误差满足工程精度要求,验证了物面重叠技术应用于多附体船舶阻力数值模拟的可靠性。     

活性炭氧化改性及氯化氰消除的应用研究

本文选用硝酸为氧化剂对活性炭进行了处理,考察了硝酸浓度和处理时间对活性炭表面化学性质的影响,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射仪对改性活性炭进行了表征,考察了以改性活性炭为载体制备炭催化剂对氯化氰的消除性能。结果表明,硝酸浓度和处理时间是影响活性炭表面化学性质的重要因素,低浓度硝酸氧化改性提高了活性炭的表面亲水性而对活性炭的结构没有明显影响,制备的炭催化剂对氯化氰防护时间明显增长。当硝酸浓度为8%,处理时间5h～8h消除氯化氰效果最好。     

Hydrography, currents and distribution of suspended matter during a dumping experiment in the western Baltic Sea at a site near Warnemünde

During a dumping experiment on 20/21 June 2001, an extensive data record was collected to understand the dynamical processes in the water column of the investigation area and to validate model results. Weak westerly winds with strongly changing cloud coverage characterized the meteorological situation. During the second day the wind calmed down and moved shortly to easterly directions. The water column was characterized by a strong vertical stratification with discontinuity layers in temperature and salinity in 12 and 16 m. The current regime was dominated by outflow at the water surface and inflow along the German coast, with strong current shearing in the dumping area. The suspended matter clouds could be identified by optical methods and ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) scattering intensity. During the experiment the suspended matter plumes were only visible at the surface up to 1 h after the dumping. The aerial photographs document that the particle clouds at the surface drifted to the west and, after approximately 40 min, they were only weakly visible. The fine material was concentrated in the discontinuity layer leading to substantially higher values of optical parameters and suspended matter concentration than measured in the surface clouds. Due to the vertical current shears the material was transported in the water column in different directions. At the first day the maximum of the suspended matter in the discontinuity layer was in the north-western corner and in the bottom layer in the northeast corner of the dumping area. Strong wind conditions after the dumping led to periodical resuspension processes.     

Wave energy assessments in the Black Sea

The present work aims to evaluate the wave energy resources in the Black Sea basin. The study is focused on the western part of the sea, which is traditionally considered as being more energetic. In order to give a first perspective of the wave climate, a medium-term wave analysis was carried out using in situ measured data. As a further step, a wave prediction system was implemented for the Black Sea. This was based on the simulating waves near-shore model, which is used for both wave generation and near-shore transformation. This methodology has the advantage that a single model covers the full scale of the modelling process. Various tests were performed considering data measured at three different locations. Special attention was paid to the whitecapping process, which is still widely considered to be the weak link in deep water wave modelling. Comparisons carried out against measured data show that the wave prediction system generally provides reliable results, especially in terms of significant wave heights and mean periods. By increasing the resolution in geographical space, the field distributions of wave energy were analysed for both high and average wave conditions. The analysis and the wave prediction system developed are a prerequisite for further investigations extended in time and with increased resolution in the near-shore direction.     

钢筋混凝土简支梁桥梁体病害分析及维修方法

随着经济的发展、综合国力增强,交通事业日新越益发展,桥梁建设取得了长足的进步,为我国的各项事业的发展提供了坚强的基础,但随之而来的桥梁病害问题也日益严重,针对上述情况,本文将对钢筋混凝土简支梁桥梁体的常见病害进行归纳和总结,并提出一定的维修措施,以便能够减轻同类病害的发生,为今后的公路事业发展提供参考依据.     

SBS改性沥青砼路面的质量控制方法

文章结合陕西省西安-汉中高速公路施工实践,介绍了SBS改性沥青混凝土路面上面层质量控制方法及关键环节,提出施工中应注意的事项,为同类工程施工提供参考。     

轮轨滚动噪声激扰模型研究

为解决轮轨高频非线性接触问题和预测轮轨滚动噪声,需研究轮轨表面粗糙度的时域模型。在基于线性化理论的轮轨表面粗糙度频域表示方法的基础上,为满足轮轨非线性接触的要求,采用时频转换的方法建立轮轨表面粗糙度时域输入模型,并以Sato轮轨表面粗糙度谱为例,运用所建立的轮轨噪声预测模型及开发的轮轨噪声预测分析软件对轮轨滚动噪声辐射进行了仿真计算,将得到的轮轨滚动噪声频谱特征及其时域特点与工程实际监测结果进行对比分析,证明模型是可靠的。     

煤矸石地层隧道塌方处理技术

在煤矸石隧道中出现塌方时,要通过地表注浆加固和隧道内长大管棚注浆,来达到内外兼治的目的;再配合超前小导管注浆,重新开挖隧道塌体,对隧道塌方进行综合治理,以保证施工及运营安全。文章结合吉林省某隧道处理塌方的工程实践,着重论述了不同岩体条件下的注浆技术及塌方体内大管棚安装技术,可为类似地质条件下的施工提供借鉴和参考。