图像处理技术在零件表面破损检测中的应用

破损面积检测是通过图像处理中的优化算法将破损影像独立出来,将破损部分的影像二值化为黑色,其它部分为白色,通过对黑色像素点的统计计算和单位转换,得到破损部分的面积,进而作出合格与否的判断。对破损最大线性长度的检测是利用“边界扫描法”,通过沿x轴和y轴方向的扫描,找到破损边界,再根据对2组平行线所围成的矩形对角线进行计算,来确定破损部分的最大线性长度。     

柴油机活塞环镀层摩擦学特性研究

对镀铬、喷钼和陶瓷复合镀铬的柴油机球墨铸铁活塞环的摩擦学性能进行了试验研究.试验结果表明,3种活塞环中,高硬度的铬层、陶瓷颗粒和储油微孔隙的存在使陶瓷复合镀铬活塞环具有最佳的耐磨性,其磨损系数仅为镀铬环的14.5%、喷钼环的0.02%;喷钼活塞环摩擦因数最低,但其磨损系数是陶瓷复合镀铬活塞环的49.6倍.     

未来的海上信息战

信息对于战争的重要性是举足轻重的,随着通信技术和计算机网络技术的发展,信息系统已成为军事目标,本文阐述了悄然兴起的信息战及有关概念,详细论述了网络中心战及有关问题,未来海上战场将采用先进的联网技术把作战部队和作战平台等联系起来,以获取信息优势,形成综合战斗力,从而赢得信息时代的战争。     

同步顶升技术更换连续箱梁桥支座施工方案

文章结合工程实例,根据同步顶升技术更换连续梁桥支座的施工要求,设计出不同的顶升施工方案,并分析各方案的优缺点,提出最终的优化方案及施工控制要点。     

Surface prediction and control algorithms for anti-lock brake system

Anti-lock brake system (ABS) has been designed to achieve maximum deceleration by preventing the wheels from locking. The friction coefficient between tyre and road is a nonlinear function of slip ratio and varies for different road surfaces. In this paper, methods have been developed to predict these different surfaces and accordingly control the wheel slip to achieve maximum friction coefficient for different road surfaces. The surface prediction and control methods are based on a half car model to simulate high speed braking performance. The prediction methods have been compared with the results available in the literature. The results show the advantage of ABS with surface prediction as compared to ABS without proper surface identification. Finally, the performance of the controller developed in this paper has been compared with four different ABS control algorithms reported in the literature. The accuracy of prediction by the proposed methods is very high with error in prediction in a range of 0.17-2.4%. The stopping distance is reduced by more than 3% as a result of prediction for all surfaces.     

现代汽车仪表板成型与加工工艺技术综述

仪表板系统是汽车内饰系统中最关键的系统,因为仪表板是驾驶员和用户最直观、最近距离接触的零部件,其造型风格、外观质量以及功能配置等因素直接影响着驾乘人员对车辆的品质感受。集舒适性、美观性、功能性、装饰性、安全性于一身的特质也决定了仪表板在设计开发中涉及到的工艺更广泛、更复杂。为了使仪表板能够在驾驶舱内呈现良好的效果,汽车工程师们从成型工艺、加工工艺、表面装饰工艺3个维度进行了深度的挖掘,开发出多种适合不同级别、不同配置、不同功能定义的车型的工艺,使得开发人员在设计开发过程可以根据不同需求进行合理选择。     

基于邻域培植遗传算法的半潜式平台生活楼肘板优化研究

随着半潜式平台的大型化发展,平台生活楼开始参与平台总体变形,在角隅等不连续位置易产生应力集中现象,从而影响平台结构安全。为改善生活楼与主平台甲板连接角隅处的应力集中问题,本文分析了影响生活楼与甲板连接区域危险的波浪工况及应力水平;在应力集中区域,设置连接肘板,并对肘板的尺寸和形状进行参数化建模,基于领域培植遗传算法进行多目标优化求解,分析不同权重比下的优化结果;结合规范要求的典型设计波工况,对优化后的肘板在不同工况下的应力集中改善效果进行评价。本文的相关的优化流程和分析方法可为海洋平台局部结构的优化设计提供一定的参考     

水火弯板成形因素对钢板表面温度和变形的影响

水火弯板工艺中,热源面输入是影响钢板温度场和变形场的重要因素。本文提出了综合考虑乙炔流量、加热速度、热源半径、热源效率和加热长度的两个表征热源面输入新变量,并利用数值模拟方法揭示了新变量对钢板表面温度、加热深度和残余变形的影响,大量仿真结果证明这两个新变量可以更好的反映这些参数所发挥的综合作用。     

Coupled renewal model of ocean viscous sublayer, thermal skin effect and interfacial gas transfer velocity

A previously developed renewal model included parameterizations for the thermal skin effect and interfacial gas transfer velocity. The more readily available cool skin data were used for an adjustment of the gas transfer parameterization. In this work, the renewal concept is extended to include the velocity difference across the viscous sublayer and to account for the stage of surface wave development. As a result, the empirical coefficients that enter the renewal model have been specified more accurately using laboratory data on the surface wind drift current. In addition, the coefficient linking the cool skin and gas transfer parameterization formulas has been determined from the probability distribution function for renewal events. A comparison of the upgraded renewal model with the thermal skin data collected during the COARE and more recent field programs and with gas transfer data collected during GasEx-01 experiment suggests that the renewal model can be a useful tool for producing a physically based parameterization for the interfacial CO₂ transfer velocity. Model uncertainties associated with the effect of surface films are discussed.     

同步碎石封层技术的试验路研究

通过在上海地区修筑同步碎石封层试验路并对各路况指标进行跟踪检测,验证了同步碎石封层对原路面行驶质量、路面损坏状况、抗滑能力的改善效果及其防渗水作用,从而得出同步碎石封层具有优良路面养护性能的结论。