An efficient Newton method for general motorcycle kinematics

This paper presents a detailed study of the kinematics of single-track vehicles, with a special emphasis on motorcycles. We consider a general class of tyre profiles as well as general vehicle geometry. We show that the kinematic problem may be reduced to the problem of finding the zero of a (single) nonlinear equation in the pitch angle which may then be solved using a safeguarded Newton method, providing rapid convergence. Special care, enabled by the systematic use of rotation matrices, is taken to understand the range of pitch angles for which all quantities in the equation are well defined. The paper provides a fast and numerically reliable algorithm that can be used within analysis tools such as those involving numerical integration of system dynamics.     

Maneuvers of motorcycles in queues at signalized intersections

The maneuvering models of motorcycles in previous studies often considered motorcycles' traveling in terms of movements in a physical static lane and not in terms of dynamic virtual lane‐based movements. For that reason, these models are not able to imitate motorcyclists' behavior well. This paper proposes a maneuverability model framework for motorcycles in queues at signalized intersections with considering the dynamic motorcycle's lane. The model includes (i) a dynamic motorcycle's lane to identify the current, left, and right lanes of the subject motorcycle, (ii) a threshold distance to determine when a motorcyclist starts to consider maneuvering, (iii) a lane selection model to identify the lane preferred by a motorcyclist, and (iv) a gap acceptance model to describe whether or not the lead and lag gaps are acceptable for maneuvering. The model framework captures the variation across the motorcyclist population and over time observations. The models were applied to Hanoi and Hochiminh city, Vietnam, based on microscopic data collected from video images. All of the parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method with the statistical estimation software GAUSS. The results show that 77.88% of the observed maneuvers – either staying in the current lane or turning left or right – could be modeled correctly by the proposed models. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

城市机动化中的摩托车交通问题及对策研究

城市机动化发展过程中的摩托车交通问题日益凸显，按照交通可持续发展理念，提出解决城市中摩托车交通问题的对策，对改善中小城市的摩托车管理具育一定的参考意义。     

A review on bicycle and motorcycle rider control with a perspective on handling qualities

This paper is a review study on handling and control of bicycles and motorcycles, the so-called single-track vehicles. The first part gives a brief overview on the modelling of the dynamics of single-track vehicles and the experimental validation. The second part focusses on a review of modelling and measuring human rider control. The third part deals with the concepts of handling and manoeuvrability and their experimental validation. Parallels are drawn with the literature on aircraft handling and pilot models. The paper concludes with the open ends and promising directions for future work in the field of handling and control of single-track vehicles.     

Optimal control to modelling motorcycle rider steering: local versus global coordinate systems in rider preview

The response of a motorcycle is heavily dependent on the rider’s control actions, and consequently a means of replicating the rider’s behaviour provides an important extension to motorcycle dynamics. The primary objective here is to develop effective path-following simulations and to understand how riders control motorcycles. Optimal control theory is applied to the tracking of roadway by a motorcycle, using a non-linear motorcycle model operating in free control by steering torque input. A path-following controller with road preview is designed by minimising tracking errors and control effort. Tight controls with high weightings on performance and loose controls with high weightings on control power are defined. Special attention is paid to the modelling of multipoint preview in local and global coordinate systems. The controller model is simulated over a standard single lane-change manoeuvre. It is argued that the local coordinates point of view is more representative of the way that a human rider operates and interprets information. The simulations suggest that for accurate path following, using optimal control, the problem must be solved by the local coordinates approach in order to achieve accurate results with short preview horizons. Furthermore, some weaknesses of the optimal control approach are highlighted here.     

浅析电喷摩托车下线检测数据通信

电喷摩托车下线检测就是通过计算机串口与故障诊断仪、ECU进行通信,检测电喷摩托车成品是否合格。作为传统计算机通信方式的串行通信,通过两级计算机控制系统联系上位机和下位机,利用Delphi7附加控件MSCOMM来实现上位机PC与多类型摩托车电喷系统ECU的数据通信,依照串行通信是单个接收数据的特性,通过串口接收不固定长度的数据帧。     

论电动摩托车标准对摩托车行业的影响（1）

国家标准管理委员会发布的2009年第8号（总第148号）公告中发布了4项与电动摩托车有关的国家标准,这4项标准从2010年1月1日开始实行。该标准的出台发展和规范了电动摩托车的标准体系,为电动摩托车行业的进一步发展提供了技术支持,本文结合电动车行业和摩托车行业现状及未来技术发展趋势,分析了该标准对摩托车行业的影响。     

基于整车的三轮摩托车车架疲劳强度对比分析

利用ansys workbench软件对三轮摩托车车架进行疲劳强度分析,避免了单独车架分析中施加边界条件的不准确性,使载荷和约束较真实地施加在车架上,保证了分析的准确性.同时,对某型号三轮摩托车车架在静强度和疲劳强度分析中存在的问题进行了改进,并在相同载荷条件下对改进前后的车架进行了对比分析,得到了满意的结果.     

Establishing speed–flow–density relationships for exclusive motorcycle lanes

Abstract

The motorcycle is a popular mode of transport in Malaysia and developing Asian countries, but its significant representation in the traffic mix results in high rates of motorcycle accidents. As a result, the Malaysian Government decided to segregate motorcycle traffic along its new federal roads as an engineering approach to reduce accidents. However, traffic engineers needed to know the maximum traffic a motorcycle lane could accommodate. Despite substantial literature related to speed–flow–density relationships and capacities of various transport facilities, there is a knowledge gap regarding motorcycle lanes. This paper establishes motorcycle speed–flow–density relationships and capacities of exclusive motorcycle lanes in Malaysia. Observations of motorcycle flows and speeds were conducted along existing and experimental motorcycle lanes. Motorcycle speed–density data were aggregated and plotted for two types of observable motorcycle riding behaviour patterns that were influenced by the widths of a motorcycle lane: the headway pattern (lane width ≤ 1.7 m) and the space pattern (lane width > 1.7 m). For both riding patterns, regression analysis of motorcycle speed–density data best fits the logarithmic model and consequently the motorcycle flow–density and speed–flow models are derived. Motorcycle lane capacities for headway and space riding patterns are estimated as 3300 mc/hr/lane and 2200 mc/hr/m, respectively.     

电动摩托车电磁兼容性试验分析

大电磁兼容性是一项越来越受重视的环境指标,也是一项重要的安全指标。我国相关政府部门现在正在研究、制定机动车的抗干扰标准,从已有的试验结果来看,目前的电动摩托车产品抗干扰性能不容乐观。整个电动摩托车行业都应对电动摩托车的电磁兼容性提起足够的重视,跟踪最新的标准动态,提前做好应对准备,完善自身产品,提升我国电动摩托车的环保性能和安全性能。