The impact of transport policies on railroad intermodal freight competitiveness – The case of Belgium

This paper discusses the impact of three freight transport policies aiming to promote railroad intermodal transport in Europe, and examines the case of Belgium as a testing ground. These policies consist in subsidizing intermodal transport operations (such as in Belgium, to stimulate rail transport), internalizing external costs (as recommended by the European Union in order to foster cleaner modes), and adopting a system perspective when optimizing the location of inland intermodal terminals. The study proposes an innovative mixed integer intermodal freight location-allocation model based on hub-location theory and deals with non-linear transport costs in order to replicate economies of distance. Our analysis suggests that subsidizing has a significant impact on the volumes transported by intermodal transport, and, to a lesser extent, that optimizing terminal location increases the competitiveness of intermodal transport. On the other hand, according to our assumptions, internalizing external costs can negatively impact the promotion of intermodality. This finding indicates that innovative last-mile transports are needed in order to reduce the external impacts of drayage operations.     

Attitudes towards the role of Cost–Benefit Analysis in the decision-making process for spatial-infrastructure projects: A Dutch case study

This paper provides a systematic overview of the attitudes of key actors in the Dutch Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) practice towards the role of CBA in the decision-making process for spatial-infrastructure projects. The main aim of this paper is to scrutinize the extent to which there is agreement among these Dutch actors in regard to the role of the CBA in the decision-making process. A secondary goal is to provide possible explanations for agreements and controversies among key actors in the Dutch CBA practice. In this study two research methods are combined to study the key actors’ attitudes. Firstly, 86 key actors (e.g. consultants, scientists, policy makers) were interviewed in-depth. Secondly, 74 of them completed a written questionnaire. The most important conclusion of this paper is that in the Dutch CBA practice there is agreement that CBA must have a role in the appraisal process of spatial-infrastructure projects. However, there is a lot of controversy among economists and spatial planners in the Dutch CBA practice concerning the value that is and should be assigned to CBA in the decision-making process. Economists predominantly believe that not enough value is assigned to the CBA in the decision-making process, whereas spatial planners predominantly think that too much value is assigned to the CBA. Both economists and spatial planners believe that this controversy is problematic as it results in debates about the pros and cons of CBA instead of the pros and cons of the spatial-infrastructure projects. This paper analyzes some solutions for this controversy.     

铁路行包装运方案编制方法的研究

根据铁路行包办理站行李车日装车计划编制流程,结合中国铁路行包运输实际情况,以车次准装区段限制、行包办理站办理限制、行包作业接续时间标准等为约束条件,给出基于行包发站和到站坐标位置网格图的行包运输径路快速算法,按照先行包直达、后1次中转和2次中转的行包装运方案编制思想,给出了多层据篮式分缀筛选的铁路行包办理站装运方案编制方法.运用结果验证了方法的有效性和实用性,能够提高铁路行包运输组织的水平和运输管理质量,并且实现了铁路行包运输装运方案和日装车计划的计算机编制.     

鹿特丹规则对保价运输的启发

介绍承运人责任制度必要性和现状。分析鹿特丹规则中承运人责任的变化：扩大承运人责任期间、取消承运人航海过失免责和火灾过失免责、延伸承运人适航义务、提高承运人赔偿责任限额、增加了承运人的管货义务。提出铁路保价运输发展的建议：提高安全生产水平和运输服务水平、适时完善保价法规、加强信息化建设,促进铁路保价运输的长远发展。     

省域公路出行者信息系统规划方法研究

在分析国内省域公路网（高等公路网、普通公路网）管理机制共性的基础上,提出了省域公路ATIS系统规划方法。首先对省域公路ATIS规划目的、规划定位及规划服务对象进行了分析;制定了通用规划流程,从信息需求分析、体系框架设计（用户服务、逻辑框架、物理框架、标准需求）、系统设计（功能要求分析、系统架构设计）、建设项目规划、实施保障（商业运营模式、保障机制）、规划成果评估等6个方面对规划方法及规划内容进行了探讨。以江苏省公路ATIS规划作为实例,验证了该方法的可行性,并对规划方法特征进行了总结性分析。     

城市公共交通中的公交输送能力问题探讨

本文通过对城市交通现状的分析,指出发展城市公共交通的必要性,针对公交运行中的问题,引出了公交输送能力这一考查指标,并建立了公交输送能力模型。最后以中关村大街人民大学站为例进行了定量分析,提出如何用公交输送能力来明确公共交通中出现的问题,对研究公交线路和车辆的优化配置提供了理论依据。