全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 442篇 |
| 免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
| 公路运输 | 83篇 |
| 综合类 | 65篇 |
| 水路运输 | 55篇 |
| 铁路运输 | 98篇 |
| 综合运输 | 144篇 |
出版年
| 2025年 | 1篇 |
| 2022年 | 2篇 |
| 2021年 | 5篇 |
| 2020年 | 29篇 |
| 2019年 | 7篇 |
| 2018年 | 13篇 |
| 2017年 | 15篇 |
| 2016年 | 23篇 |
| 2015年 | 26篇 |
| 2014年 | 12篇 |
| 2013年 | 36篇 |
| 2012年 | 29篇 |
| 2011年 | 46篇 |
| 2010年 | 39篇 |
| 2009年 | 40篇 |
| 2008年 | 46篇 |
| 2007年 | 31篇 |
| 2006年 | 20篇 |
| 2005年 | 8篇 |
| 2004年 | 6篇 |
| 2003年 | 4篇 |
| 2001年 | 3篇 |
| 2000年 | 1篇 |
| 1997年 | 2篇 |
| 1996年 | 1篇 |
排序方式： 共有445条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
341.
The transport sector creates much environmental pressure. Many current policies aimed at reducing this pressure are not fully effective because the behavioural aspects of travellers are insufficiently recognised. Insights from behavioural economics can contribute to a better understanding of travel behaviour and choices, and the impact of these on policies. Nevertheless, few studies have examined this issue. We review these and provide a broader, more encompassing perspective on environmental policy focused on transport, and taking into account bounded rationality as well as social preferences. 相似文献
342.
There is a large body of literature, spanning multiple disciplines, concerned with the relationship between traditional (physical) shopping and associated travel behaviour. However, despite the recent rapid growth of digital retailing and online shopping, the impact on travel behaviour remain poorly understood. Although the issue of the substitution and complementarity between conventional and virtual retail channels has been extensively explored, few attempts have been made to extend this work so as to incorporate virtual retail channels into modelling frameworks that can link shopping and mobility decisions. Here, we review the existing literature base with a focus on most relevant dimensions for personal mobility. How online activity can be incorporated into operational transport demand models and benefits of such effort are discussed. Existing frameworks of shopping demand are flexible and can, in principle, be extended to incorporate virtual shopping and the associated additional complexities. However, there are significant challenges associated with lack of standard ontologies for crucial concepts and insufficiencies in traditional data collection methods. Also, supply-side questions facing businesses and policy-makers are changing as retailing goes through a digital transformation. Opportunities and priorities need to be defined for future research directions for an assessment of existing tools and frameworks. 相似文献
343.
The European Union has adopted a range of policies aiming at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from road transport, including setting binding targets for tailpipe CO2 emissions for new light-duty fleets. The legislative framework for implementing such targets allows taking into account the CO2 savings from innovative technologies that cannot be adequately quantified by the standard test cycle CO2 measurement. This paper presents a methodology to define the average productivity of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic roofs and to quantify the resulting CO2 benefits for conventional combustion engine-powered passenger cars in the European Union. The method relies on the analysis of a large dataset of vehicles activity data, i.e. urban driving patterns acquired with GPS systems, combined with an assessment of the shading effect from physical obstacles and indoor parking. The results show that on average the vehicle photovoltaic roof receives 58% of the available solar radiation in real-world conditions, making it possible to reduce CO2 emissions from passenger cars in a range from 1% to 3%, assuming a storage capacity of 20% of the 12 V battery dedicated to solar energy. This methodology can be applied to other vehicles types, such as light and heavy-duty, as well as to different powertrain configurations, such as hybrid and full electric. 相似文献
344.
The rate and manner in which transport infrastructure (e.g. roads, railway tracks, airports) is deployed, will play an important role in determining energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions and the economic impact of the transport sector. This paper describes an exercise where the costs of infrastructure deployment for the transport sector have been incorporated into the IMACLIM-R Global E3 IAM. In addition to adding these costs, the modelling of the criteria for the deployment of infrastructure for roads has also been improved. It is found that this model recalibration results in a more accurate baseline as compared to historically observed data (2001–2013) for investments in energy demand, road infrastructure, and passenger kilometers travelled. Regarding macroeconomic effects, it is found that the imposition of a carbon emission trajectory to 2100 cause GDP to decrease relative to the newly calibrated baseline – this is a standard IAM result. However, when the deployment of infrastructure for roads and air travel is further constrained, the GDP loss is less than with a fixed carbon emission trajectory only. This is because early restriction of infrastructure for roads and air travel allows an expansion of public transport infrastructure which is adequate to meet low-carbon transport service demand whereas when less public transport infrastructure is available, more costly mitigation investments must be made in other parts of the economy. This suggests that restricting infrastructure deployment as a complementary policy to carbon pricing, lowers the cost of mitigation. 相似文献
345.
Road pricing is increasingly used as an economic tool to decrease the burden of transport externalities. Following the examples of several cities worldwide, on 2nd January, 2008, the city of Milan introduced a charge for accessing the city centre with the aim of curbing air pollution and congestion. The aim of this paper is to evaluate empirically the effect of such a charge on the housing market. By applying a difference-in-differences methodology, I find empirical support for a decrease in housing prices in the coverage area. 相似文献
346.
This paper analyzes the effect of access and egress time to transport terminals over the spatial competiveness of the high-speed train (HST) in the Madrid–Barcelona (Spain) corridor, one of the densest airline domestic markets in the world. Applying spatial data from 2010 provided by a geographical information system (GIS) to a mode choice model estimated with sample travelers in this corridor, the present study examines whether and how the level-of-service of transport terminals spatially affects the competitiveness or modal distribution of HST and air transport in the provinces of Madrid and Barcelona; and, in particular, the degree of competitiveness that can be accrued by the access time provided by private car and transit in different market segments, especially mandatory and leisure trips. In a number of urban zones near train stations and airports, terminal accessibility clearly favors one transport mode in comparison to the other. Improving terminal accessibility via private car or public transit not only affects the relative access to terminals, but also represents a key strategy for readjusting the market shares of the competing modes in the corridor. 相似文献
347.
Weaving sections, a common design of motorways, require extensive lane‐change manoeuvres. Numerous studies have found that drivers tend to make their lane changes as soon as they enter the weaving section, as the traffic volume increases. Congestion builds up as a result of this high lane‐changing concentration. Importantly, such congestion also limits the use of existing infrastructure, the weaving section downstream. This behaviour thus affects both safety and operational aspects. The potential tool for managing motorways effectively and efficiently is cooperative intelligent transport systems (C‐ITS). This research investigates a lane‐change distribution advisory application based on C‐ITS for weaving vehicles in weaving sections. The objective of this research is to alleviate the lane‐changing concentration problem by coordinating weaving vehicles to ensure that such lane‐changing activities are evenly distributed over the existing weaving length. This is achieved by sending individual messages to drivers based on their location to advise them when to start their lane change. The research applied a microscopic simulation in aimsun to evaluate the proposed strategy's effectiveness in a one‐sided ramp weave. The proposed strategy was evaluated using different weaving advisory proportions, traffic demands and penetration rates. The evaluation revealed that the proposed lane‐changing advisory has the potential to significantly improve delay. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
348.
Given a fundamental role of automobiles in human society, evaluation of vehicle energy efficiency is of utmost importance. Various reports have been published hitherto concerning well-to-wheel (WTW) fuel consumption at the vehicle operation phase. On the other hand, WTW energy consumption at other lifecycle phases has been scarcely integrated in the assessment of vehicle energy efficiency. Particularly, WTW energy consumption for material structure is significantly associated with fuel economy. As such, this paper firstly analyzes the lifecycle WTW vehicle energy efficiency from the perspective of both material structures at the manufacture phase and fuel consumption at the operation phase for conventional vehicle (CV), electric vehicle (EV), hybrid vehicle (HV) and fuel cell vehicle (FCV). Then, an expected transition of vehicle weight and energy consumption arising from material structural shift through the replacement of steel with aluminum is evaluated. Finally, the overall vehicle energy efficiency in Japan in 2020–2050 is projected. It is discovered that the inclusion of energy consumption for material structure has a significant impact on the determination of the vehicle energy efficiency, particularly for new generation vehicles. WTW analysis at the multiple lifecycle phases may be of use in establishing more comprehensive principles of vehicle energy efficiency. 相似文献
349.
基于LBS的高速路网车辆行驶轨迹监控系统设计 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对目前高速公路联网收费存在的路径二义性、偷逃费、紧急救援问题,提出了基于LBS技术,对高速路网车辆行驶轨迹进行监控的解决思路。设计了系统架构和系统工作流程;分析了系统特点及关键技术;最后通过测试,实现了系统监控功能。 相似文献
350.
省域公路出行者信息系统规划方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析国内省域公路网（高等公路网、普通公路网）管理机制共性的基础上,提出了省域公路ATIS系统规划方法。首先对省域公路ATIS规划目的、规划定位及规划服务对象进行了分析;制定了通用规划流程,从信息需求分析、体系框架设计（用户服务、逻辑框架、物理框架、标准需求）、系统设计（功能要求分析、系统架构设计）、建设项目规划、实施保障（商业运营模式、保障机制）、规划成果评估等6个方面对规划方法及规划内容进行了探讨。以江苏省公路ATIS规划作为实例,验证了该方法的可行性,并对规划方法特征进行了总结性分析。 相似文献