Investigating links between transport disadvantage, social exclusion and well-being in Melbourne - Updated results

This paper updates results of an international study aimed at quantifying the links between transport disadvantage (TD), social exclusion (SE) and well-being (WB) in Melbourne, Australia. The study extends knowledge associated with SE and transport by quantify social and behavioural implications of lack of public and private transport and the nature of the social WB benefits associated with improving services.Study aims and methodology are outlined. Recent findings covered relate to car ownership on the urban fringe, patterns of transport disadvantage, the analysis of time poverty related to transport disadvantage, measuring the economic value of additional mobility and use of a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to relate WB and SE to TD and a series of explanatory factors.Overall results suggest that those without a car on the urban fringe adjust well with their circumstances by living close to activity centres. They demonstrate sustainable choices, trading off budgets and home location to balance mobility and accessibility. Poorer households with high car ownership value mobility and cheaper more remote fringe dwellings but demonstrate numerous strategies to reduce high car costs which are acknowledged as a significant burden. Analysis identifies 4 key types of transport disadvantage including a ‘vulnerable/impaired’ group which should be of much greater concern for targeted policy than others due to poor scoring on SE and WB scales. The economic value of new mobility is also explored with results suggesting $AUD 20 per average new trip which is four times larger than conventional values for generated travel.Analysis has also suggested that transport disadvantage can relate to socially advantaged as well as socially disadvantaged groups through time poverty. This was found to be an important mitigating factor when relating TD to WB. A statistically reliable structural equation model is developed suggesting the SE-WB link is strong (−.87) with a modest link between TD-SE (.27).Areas for future research in the project are also summarised.     

Future challenges for transport infrastructure pricing in PPP arrangements

In this paper we report the conclusion of a research project dedicated to pricing regimes in public-private partnership contracts for the provision of transport infrastructure (Macário et al., 2009). Several elements have been brought to the bulk of knowledge that supports the design and implementation of public-private partnership in the transport sector. These developments have been achieved in the following domain:

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Understand difficulties of price setting within the PPP environment, given the potential conflict of interest among the different parties engaged, go beyond the discussion of first best versus second-best price setting mechanisms.

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Understand the role of government and regulators in the performance of a PPP.

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Translate the issue of asymmetries of information between parties into a risk taking language.

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Devise alternative contractual designs that will enable competitive price setting.

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Understand that a structural element is missing to conciliate the views of the different stakeholders over a PPP: a bridge between infrastructure costs and charges.

The objective of this paper is to overview the main challenges ahead of transport infrastructure pricing, considering the current and likely future policies as well as the field constraints. Moreover, a proposal is formulated to overcome some of the current pitfalls associated to transport infrastructure pricing.     

中国智慧城市、智慧交通和智能汽车(SCSTSV)——发展战略、系统构架和应用

汽车制造商(OEM)和供应商的全球创新者正在加速智能网联汽车(ICV)的创新,包括美国,欧洲和日本.中国是全球最大的汽车市场,中国智能网联汽车产业创新联盟(CAICV)宣布了中国ICV愿景.联合国的报告指出,到2050年将有68％的人口居住在城市中.系统架构和市场应用是实现中国智慧城市、智慧交通和智慧车辆(SCSTSV...     

关于秘鲁鱼粉自热自燃原因的探讨

近来，秘鲁鱼粉在远洋运输过程中屡次发生自然事故。本文就这一现象从鱼粉的组成、性质、抗氧剂的处理程度以及运输积裁条件加以分析，阐述了鱼粉发生自燃的诸多原因。并根据实际案例、秘鲁当地对鱼粉抗氧剂处理过程的现状及商检部门的检测方法等方面的资料分析，指出了秘鲁鱼粉在运输过程中发生自燃的主要原因是鱼粉中的抗氧剂分布不均匀，致使那些抗氧剂浓度不足的鱼粉在运输途中抗氧剂含量逐渐消耗而发生氧化反应，产生大量的氧化热，达到鱼粉的自燃点而发生自燃。     

智能交通国际发展概况和国内优先考虑的课题

综述智能交通系统10年来在国际上的发展状况，讨论了我国研究开发智能交通系统的优先链。指出：在宏观上，我国应首先制定发展智能交通系统的战略规划以及相应的技术标准体系，以保证智能交通系统的兼容性、扩展性和互联性。并建议在我国及早成立智能交通协调机构，认为在我国优先发展的智能交通项目应首先考虑解决城市交通堵塞问题。     

把好铁路液体危险货物包装质量关

液体危险货物在整个铁路危险货物运输中占有很大的比例,改进包装（容器）的性能是完善安全措施的基础,包装性能可采用模拟试验方法进行测定。对包装的检测工作应尽可能细致,并且通过实践来不断完善包装方案。     

构建铁路保价运输客户服务体系的研究

分析铁路保价运输的主要特点和现状,研究建立铁路保价运输客户服务体系的相关问题,阐述通过树立保价品牌,完善保价规章制度体系,提供优质服务,提高安全防范能力,加大保价营销宣传力度,以及建立快捷赔付机制、加强保价理赔服务质量监督、建立诚信货主评价机制等措施,以提高铁路保价运输服务水平。     

关于路企直通运输效益的思考

论述了开展路企直通运输是促进铁路运输向货运集约化、物流一体化及大客户战略发展的重要举措,对于提高铁路货运服务质量与运输效率、保障企业的运输需求、提高路企双方整体效益具有重要意义;同时指出这是铁路货物运输组织需坚持的方向,对促进路企直通运输的进一步发展提出了意见和建议。     

路企直通运输技检怍业及机车运用的优化

在阐述直通运输的运输组织作业流程的基础上,对技检作业中的直通列车技术作业过程,分为直进重空车、直出重空车进行优化;对机车运用分为直进直出车流由国铁机车牵引或由国铁及企业机车分别牵引两种情况进行优化,并提出了相关的作业调整措施。