新型桶式基础防波堤在负压下沉中的稳定性试验

通过新型桶式基础防波堤的原型观测试验,实现对结构所承受的土压力、孔隙水压力和倾斜度等的观测。试验分析了基础各部位的应力最大值以及气压纠偏对总应力的影响,表明新型桶式基础防波堤在负压下沉中具有良好的稳定性,对大型离岸深水构筑物的原位观测有一定的指导意义。     

大跨度悬索桥沉井基础施工过程研究

沉井因其基础刚度大、经济性好的优点被广泛用于桥梁的深水基础和悬索桥锚碇基础.沉井的下沉是施工控制的关键技术,已经引起了高度关注,但设计中多采用偏于保守的平面简化计算方法,造成资源的浪费.采用三维有限元软件建立了沉井基础的平面和空间实体有限元计算模型,对某大跨度悬索桥锚碇沉井基础施工关键技术进行了平面和空间受力分析,进一步分析了沉井的隔墙与井壁在施工过程中的受力特性.对沉井基础的设计和施工均具有较大的指导和借鉴作用.     

Future advanced long-haul Evacuated Tube Transport (EET) system operated by TransRapid Maglev (TRM): a multidimensional examination of performance

This paper presents a multidimensional examination of the infrastructural, technical/technological, operational, economic, environmental, social, and policy performance of the future advanced Evacuated Tube Transport (ETT) system operated by TransRapid Maglev (TRM) (the ETT-TRM system). The examination implies analyzing, modeling, and estimating selected performance criteria using the case of the Trans-Atlantic passenger transport market currently served exclusively by the Air Passenger Transport (APT) system. The purpose is to assess the ETT-TRM system’s competitive capabilities compared to those of the current and future APT system and consequently its potential contribution to mitigating impacts of both systems on society and the environment – the sustainability of the transport sector - under given conditions.     

快速测定粘性土液、塑限指标的单点试验法

液、塑限是反映粘性土物理性质的重要指标,测定该指标的试验过程较为复杂,且人为因素的影响较大.经过对珠海某工程试验数据的分析研究发现,实测锥体沉入深度和对应含水率之间存在相关关系,据此可以确定不同标准下的液限含水率和塑限含水率,从而提高土工试验的效率和数据质量.     

内河中游南昌红谷沉管隧道施工关键技术

南昌红谷隧道过江段采用沉管法施工,隧址位于赣江中游,流速和水位落差大。为解决两岸大型围堰填筑、异地双干坞管节预制、复杂河道水文条件下管节浮运、对接以及管节基础处理效果检测等方面存在的施工难题,采用“充砂长管袋+塑性混凝土墙+钢筋混凝土墙”的组合结构与堰内基坑钢管堵头桩“干割除”方法,实现围堰快速施工和防渗抗洪的要求;通过混凝土配合比设计、浇筑、养护、温控技术以及管节预制关键设备选型和大型钢模整体转场的施工方法确保管节制作的质量和速度;采用江河中大流速下管节浮运的专用装置、合理的管节拖轮浮运船舶编队方法和多功能GPS-RTK综合监测系统,确保超长距离管节浮运安全;采用可视化监测、水下探摸和管节接头水密控制技术,实现高水差下管节准确对接;采用冲击映像法和潜水员探摸相结合的方法,对沉管基础灌砂效果进行实时监测与综合评价。实践表明,红谷隧道施工形成的一系列新工艺与新技术,能有效解决施工中的难题、降低安全质量风险、缩短工期、节约成本,并对今后的沉管隧道工程具有借鉴意义和推动作用。     

城市道路检查井沉陷原因分析及治理对策

城市道路上检查井沉陷的现象比较普遍,不少城市对此进行过探讨和研究。由于其危害直接影响行车安全和城市道路的使用功能,因此备受人们关注。该文在剖析检查井沉陷原因的同时,结合武汉近几年来对治理检查井沉陷做的一些探讨和取得的效果作了介绍。     

括苍山隧道二号通风竖井正向施工导碴井、二次扩挖法施工技术

No. 2 ventilation shaft of Kuocangshan tunnel on Zhuji Yongjia expressway has complex geologic condition, many construction difficulties and short construction schedule. In order to complete the project on time, the construction technology of "muck dropping shaft sinking and secondary enlarging excavation" is selected for the sinking of the shaft from several shaft sinking methods, including conventional one time shaft sinking method, "muck dropping shaft sinking and secondary enlarging excavation" method and raise boring method. The selected construction technology is presented in this paper. This technology not only achieves good results in construction schedule, construction safety and construction quality, but also reduces the construction cost.     

水下联络管施工技术

介绍了浮运、注水下沉联络管技术,实践表明该技术有效的解决了水下施工难题,降低了工程成本,取得了良好经济效益。     

Mind the map! The impact of transit maps on path choice in public transit

This paper investigates the impact of schematic transit maps on passengers’ travel decisions. It does two things: First, it proposes an analysis framework that defines four types of information delivered from a transit map: distortion, restoration, codification, and cognition. It then considers the potential impact of this information on three types of travel decisions: location, mode, and path choices.¹ Second, it conducts an empirical analysis to explore the impact of the famous London tube map on passengers’ path choice in the London Underground (LUL). Using data collected by LUL from 1998 to 2005, the paper develops a path choice model and compares the influence between the distorted tube map (map distance) and reality (travel time) on passengers’ path choice behavior. Results show that the elasticity of the map distance is twice that of the travel time, which suggests that passengers often trust the tube map more than their own travel experience on deciding the “best” travel path. This is true even for the most experienced passengers using the system. The codification of transfer connections on the tube map, either as a simple dot or as an extended link, could affect passengers’ transfer decisions. The implications to transit operation and planning, such as trip assignments, overcrowding mitigation, and the deployment of Advanced Transit Information System (ATIS), are also discussed.     

大型沉井下沉阻力监测技术

介绍了泰州长江大桥南锚碇沉井基础的施工特点和下沉阻力现场监测技术。在下沉过程中,采用土压力计监测了每节沉井的侧壁土压力和沉井的刃脚土压力。通过这些监测数据的整理和规律分析,既控制了沉井的安全平稳的下沉,也为同类型的大型沉井的设计和施工提供了可以参考的依据。