城市客运交通枢纽预警分级阈值简析

交通枢纽作为服务于公共交通之间以及公共交通与其它交通方式之间客流转换的场所,是改善整个交通系统,提高居民出行效率、解决出行换乘等问题的重要影响因素。本文结合东直门综合运输枢纽信息服务平台工程,采集枢纽客流进出量,总结客流统计规律,对东直门交通枢纽预警分级阈值进行简析,相关研究成果可为交通枢纽预警分级阈值分析提供参考。     

用科学发展观引领企业安全文化

企业安全文化是贯彻落实科学发展观的内在要求,是构建社会主义和谐社会的主要内容,是坚持以人为本、和谐发展、安全发展、持续发展的体现。论述了如何运用科学发展观引领企业安全文化。     

基于多核最小二乘支持向量机的短期公交客流预测

公交客流是公交规划和运营调度的基础。针对短期公交客流的非线性、随机性和复杂性及支持向量机单核核函数自适应能力较弱的特点,提出一种基于多核最小二乘支持向量机的公交客流预测方法。该方法既考虑到了公交客流的历史数据规律,又顾及到短期公交客流的时变特性,充分利用了相关参数的知识信息。为了保证模型的自适应能力和提高模型的泛化能力,作者提出了综合评价指标,并采用改进遗传算法实现向量机参数优化。最后,结合LS．SVM工具箱,在MATLAB平台上实现长春市短期公交客流的预测。预测结果表明,提出的多核预测方法具有较高的准确性、较强的鲁棒性和自适应能力,在公交客流预测中有具有较好的应用价值。     

设置间歇式公交专用进口道的流量条件研究

针对交叉口处公交车辆对道路资源需求的动态特征,提出了一种间歇式公交专用进口道的控制系统及控制方法。为了得到间歇式公交专用进口道适用的交通流量条件,首先研究了设置间歇式公交专用进口道后社会车辆和公交车辆的延误;然后通过算例定量分析了设置间歇式公交专用进口道前后交叉口人总延误差的变化规律。研究结果表明：在同一交通流向有两条进口车道的情况下,周期时长为60s、100S、120S的交叉口设置间歇式公交专用进口道的临界交通饱和度分别为0．75、0．65、0．60。当进口道交通饱和度小于临界交通饱和度时,可以考虑在该流向设置间歇式公交专用进口道。     

满足交通网络流量增长态势的扩能优化研究

在交通网络的实际应用中,流量的发展态势往往超出现存网络的最大流量承载能力,这就需要考虑如何提高网络的输送能力,即如何对交通网络进行扩能。本文基于发展态势的流量需求、扩能代价最低以及扩能拥堵程度高的线路条件,构造了最优的扩能算法。通过此算法,可以选择交通网络中最优的扩能路线。在交通运输领域,由于流量的发展态势需要扩能的问题普遍存在,本文的研究内容可以为交通网络的扩能决策、优化、设计等提供应用基础。     

站点设置形式对公交专用道通行能力的影响分析

通过分析现有公交专用道通行能力的计算方法,发现在计算公交专用道通行能力时没有考虑站点设置形式对其造成的影响。将国内常见的公交专用道站点设置形式分为4类,针对其中3类主要的设置形式进行交通流影响分析,提出了考虑站点设置形式的公交专用道通行能力计算模型。最后利用仿真软件对站点处公交专用道通行能力进行实验,仿真数据证明了计算方法的有效性。     

悬臂施工中三角挂篮的结构计算与安全检算

三角挂篮由于自重轻、结构简单、现场拼装简便等优点在施工现场采用的较多。结合兰渝线某连续梁采用三角挂篮进行对称悬臂施工,为保证工程质量与安全,对三角挂篮进行必要的结构计算与安全检算。     

高速公路跨路施工

高速公路跨路施工中制约因素较多、条件比较复杂,施工安全较难控制。以阜盘八标为例,对跨越高速公路的施工实践经验进行介绍。     

Singapore motorisation restraint and its implications on travel behaviour and urban sustainability

The example of Singapore shows that rapid urban and economic growth does not have to bring traffic congestion and pollution. Singapore has chosen to restrain car traffic demand due to its limited land supply. Transport policy based on balanced development of road and transit infrastructure and restraint of traffic has been consistently implemented for the past 30 years. Combined with land use planning, it resulted in a modern transport system, which is free from major congestion and provides users with different travel alternatives. As the economic growth caused a substantial increase in demand for cars, several pricing policies were introduced with the aim of restraining car ownership and usage. Growth of the vehicle population is now controlled and potentially congested roads are subject to road pricing. These measures help to keep the roads free from major congestion, maintain car share of work trips below 25% and keep the transport energy usage low. Although Singapore conditions are in many aspects unique, its travel demand experience can provide useful lessons for other rapidly growing cities in Asia.

Traffic flow consideration in design of freight distribution system

This study is part of a series of research projects on a distribution system we developed to deal with cases in a state-owned company. It concerns the design of the Public Service Obligation State-owned Company (PSO-SOC) distribution system. The intrinsic features of PSO-SOC are distributing strategic commodities and having subsidies within the cost function. Hence their distribution flow has to be secured under consideration of moving the commodities within road networks that have traffic flow dependency. This paper focuses on the solution of the proposed model which represents traffic flow dependency within a freight distribution network.The mathematical formulation takes the form of a Minimum Cost Multicommodity Flow (MCMF) problem. Traffic flow dependency is incorporated into the model by introducing a coefficient of speed, which is derived from the traffic assignment of ordinary traffic associated with the transportation of the type of freight under consideration The solution of the proposed model is formulated by Network Representation (NR), in which all of the components of the mathematical model are represented in the form of dummy links and nodes added to the original (physical) network. It is to be noted then, that the traffic flow on each road or link is represented by a link performance function (LPF), depicting traffic flow dependent travel time and consequent cost. The MCMF problem of NR is further solved by a Primal-Dual Algorithm.Finally, an illustrative example is exercised to show how the proposed step-wise solution works.