轿车扭杆式半独立后悬架动力学仿真和试验研究

结合轿车扭杆式后桥的等效刚度力学模型、后悬架非对称橡胶衬套的变形耦合特性以及减振器、螺旋弹簧的力学模型,建立轿车扭杆式半独立后悬架的等效动力学模型。对模型进行仿真分析和试验研究,通过对比表明仿真和试验的结果具有较高的一致性。     

电喷发动机闭缸循环工作排放与经济性试验研究

介绍了电喷发动机闭缸循环工作节油的理论基础,给出了闭缸循环工作的控制电路和工作模式,并进行了怠速和等速行驶燃油消耗和排放性能的对比试验。试验结果表明,两缸闭缸循环工作能够有效地降低燃油消耗量。     

结构振动模型和刚度矩阵对地震响应影响研究

对平面钢框架算例模型分别采用质点系、双翼鱼刺型和杆系振动模型输入天然和人工地震波进行地震响应时程分析.在分析中,与质点系振动模型相关的结构侧移刚度矩阵由反弯点法、D值法、非线性静力分析法以及柔度法确定;与双翼鱼刺型振动模型相关的结构侧移刚度矩阵由双鱼刺法确定;与杆系振动模型相关的结构侧移刚度矩阵由矩阵位移法确定.通过算例讨论了采用上述不同方法确定的结构侧移刚度对结构地震响应影响.     

下卧层刚度对CFG桩复合地基承载特性的影响研究

结合某高速铁路CFG桩加固湿陷性黄土地基的工程实例,采用室内模型试验和数值模拟的方法,研究了下卧层刚度对CFG桩复合地基承载特性的影响.通过模型试验,获得了天然地基、悬浮式和支承式CFG桩复合地基的P-S曲线以及桩土应力比曲线.采用有限元分析软件,模拟以上三种工况在路堤荷载作用下的位移和桩土应力比.模型试验表明:下卧层刚度对湿陷性黄土CFG桩复合地基沉降影响效果显著,支承式CFG桩复合地基的桩土应力比更大.数值模拟与模型试验的结果基本一致,二者可以相互印证.     

索单元结构计算的内力全量迭代法

索结构传统的几何非线性的求解方法依赖于非常复杂而庞大的切线刚度矩阵,针对这种情况,根据几何非线性计算的基本原理,建立一种在理论上能收敛于精确解的几何非线性求解方法——内力全量迭代法,使计算结果的精度不依赖于切线刚度矩阵;根据计算方法的特点,探讨了在几何非线性计算中索单元的内力计算公式和迭代计算方法;为了保证迭代计算快速...     

基于卵形拱桥塔的空间索网景观斜拉桥设计

针对斜拉桥景观性的设计要求,利用卵形曲线的数学方程,提出了一种卵形拱桥塔的空间索面景观斜拉桥.与传统的抛物线拱形桥塔斜拉桥相比,卵形拱桥塔拱脚两腿收拢,减少了基础尺寸,顶部宽阔,分散布置三维空间缆索,斜拉桥的景观效果更佳.结合实际工程,进行工程参数设计,建立Midas有限元分析模型,进行静力分析和模态分析研究.结果表明...     

螺栓连接结构接触面刚度仿真分析

螺栓连接结构中存在很多接触面,接触面的特性是影响结构整体特性的重要因素,因此对螺栓连接结构接触面进行研究具有重要意义。以探究螺栓连接结构接触面刚度为目标,通过建立带防松垫圈的螺栓连接结构,提取特殊接触面间的接触刚度;建立带有实际螺纹结构的螺栓连接结构有限元模型,通过对螺母施加不同的扭矩来模拟螺栓预紧力的变化;采用显式动力学方法对螺栓拧紧过程进行分析,通过预紧力与变形量之间的关系计算不同预紧力下防松垫圈与被连接件这种特殊接触面之间的接触刚度,结果表明接触刚度呈非线性变化。     

A distributed VNS algorithm for optimizing dial-a-ride problems in large-scale scenarios

These days, transportation and logistic problems in large cities are demanding smarter transportation services that provide flexibility and adaptability. A possible solution to this arising problem is to compute the best routes for each new scenario. In this problem, known in the literature as the dial-a-ride problem, a number of passengers are transported between pickup and delivery locations trying to minimize the routing costs while respecting a set of prespecified constraints. This problem has been solved in the literature with several approaches from small to medium sized problems. However, few efforts have dealt with large scale problems very common in massive scenarios (big cities or highly-populated regions). In this study, a new distributed algorithm based on the partition of the requests space and the combination of the routes is presented and tested on a set of 24 different scenarios of a large-scale problem (up to 16,000 requests or 32,000 locations) in the city of San Francisco. The results show that, not only the distributed algorithm is able to solve large problem instances that the corresponding sequential algorithm is unable to solve in a reasonable time, but also to have an average improvement of 9% in the smaller problems. The results have been validated by means of statistical procedures proving that the distributed algorithm can be an effective way to solve high dimensional dial-a-ride problems.     

Optimisation of dynamic motorway traffic via a parsimonious and decentralised approach

This paper presents an optimisation framework for motorway management via ramp metering and variable speed limit. We start with presenting a centralised global optimal control problem aiming to minimise the total travel delay in a motorway system. Given the centralised global optimal control solutions, we propose a set of decentralised ramp metering and speed control strategies which operate on a novel parsimonious dynamic platform without needing an underlying traffic model. The control strategies are applied to a case on UK M25 motorway. The results show that the proposed set of decentralised control is able to deliver a performance that is close to the global optimal ones with significantly less computational and implementation effort. This study provides new insights to motorway management.     

考虑构件抗扭刚度的高层建筑结构抗扭计算

结构刚度中心与质量中心偏差较大时,应考虑扭转的不利影响,将高层建筑结构等效为悬臂杆,从顶至底依次选取脱离体。根据位移协调条件,将结构的位移分解成平动与转动成分,得到相应的结构平动时构件所承担的剪力与结构转动时构件所承担的剪力,再根据力的平衡条件,推导出双向地震作用下考虑构件抗扭刚度时结构的线弹性扭转角,并对构件的剪力及变形进行了修正。算例表明,考虑构件抗扭刚度时结构的线弹性扭转角、构件的剪力与变形均减小。该方法概念清楚,符合工程实际。