汽车碰撞台车模拟试验吸能器的研究

介绍一种钢筋阻尼吸能器,经过理论计算,该吸能装置可通过调节钢筋的种类、数量、长度和放置方式,复现不同车型、不同碰撞车速条件下的车身减速度波形,可广泛用于汽车安全部件的开发及试验验证。     

城市行人过街速度研究

为研究城市平面行人过街的速度及差别,分别对哈尔滨市冬夏两季的信号交叉口、无信号交叉口、环形交叉口、路段人行横道和自由过街5种不同过街条件下的行人过街速度进行调查。分析了冬季与夏季和不同过街条件下行人过街速度的变化以及形成原因;分析了行人年龄、性别、人行横道长度、过街行人数量和绿灯时间对行人过街速度的影响;采用数理统计方法,用15%位速度作为行人过街的设计速度,提出冬夏两季不同过街条件下的行人过街设计速度推荐值。     

Dual extended Kalman filter for vehicle state and parameter estimation

The article demonstrates the implementation of a model-based vehicle estimator, which can be used for combined estimation of vehicle states and parameters. The estimator is realised using the dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) technique, which makes use of two Kalman filters running in parallel, thus 'splitting' the state and parameter estimation problems. Note that the two problems cannot be entirely separated due to their inherent interdependencies. This technique provides several advantages, such as the possibility to switch off the parameter estimator, once a sufficiently good set of estimates has been obtained. The estimator is based on a four-wheel vehicle model with four degrees of freedom, which accommodates the dominant modes only, and is designed to make use of several interchangeable tyre models. The paper demonstrates the appropriateness of the DEKF. Results to date indicate that this is an effective approach, which is considered to be of potential benefit to the automotive industry.     

Tractor-semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid-fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor-semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid-fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker's volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker's walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid-fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

高速公路车速与交通安全

从运行车速、超速行驶、速度差以及限速等与车速有关的方面分析了车速与交通安全的关系,得出了相关的结论。     

走-停巡航系统分层控制器设计

结合驾驶统计模型，设计了走一停自适应巡航系统的纵向车间距离控制器。上位控制器的设计与车辆模型无关。在建立目标性能函数的基础上得到控制律；而下位控制器则将油门和制动控制独立设计，依据一定的切换逻辑使它们分别作用于车辆。在制动控制的设计中引入了改进型史密斯预估器。在多种工况下的仿真试验中表明控制器性能良好。     

混合动力无级变速运行模式的试验研究

介绍了混联式混合动力轿车Prius动力总成THS的结构，阐述了THS中行星齿轮实现无级变速和转矩分配的原理以及年载数据采集系统。利用试验数据，总结出多种混合动力工作模式，并通过转矩-转速图进行了验证。     

液压电控离合器接合速度控制

详细介绍了液压离合器的结构及基本控制原理，提出基于单位控制周期内接合量反馈的闭环控制和基于脉宽调制（PWM）的开环控制两种离合器接合速度控制方法，并将其应用于AMT样车的开发实践中。     

内燃机瞬时转速测量及其误差研究

论述了测量内燃机瞬时转速的PC仪器的工作原理 ,构成及其应用实例 ,并对磁电式转速测量系统固有的测量误差进行了详细分析研究。     

利用高速摄影研究二甲基醚的喷雾特性

本文利用高速摄影技术在定容压力室中，通过6孔电磁喷射器，研究了二甲基醚（DME）的喷雾特性。结果表明，二甲基醚的喷雾射程随着定容压力室内气体压力的增加而减少；喷雾锥角则随和的升高而增大，在相同的条件下，二甲基 喷射锥角大于 喷射锥角；喷雾射程则低于柴油的喷雾射程。Hiroyasu喷雾射程的计算模型，通过适当的系数修正可以用于DME喷雾射程预测，由于DME喷雾射程和着火延迟期都比柴油短，在屐机缸内着火时刻，柴油的喷雾射程约为DME的2倍，从高速摄影的喷雾影像中可以清楚的看到，DME的蒸发速度明显比柴油快。