大跨覆土波纹钢板拱桥结构加强措施研究

由于结构承受回填土压力,随着跨度增加,覆土波纹钢板拱桥的内力增幅较大,有必要对波纹板拱圈采取结构加强措施.基于跨径为16m的圆弧拱桥,采用混凝土复合加强肋方案对拱圈进行加强,分别建立了未加强、拱脚部位加强、沿拱圈环向加强和沿拱圈与横向的双方向加强等4种考虑土结相互作用的三维有限元模型,计算和对比分析了4种情况下结构的受力和变形特点.结果表明,覆土波纹钢板圆弧拱桥应力分布不均匀,对受力最大部位的拱脚采取局部加强措施能够显著改善结构的受力性能;环向加强措施改善了结构受力性能,但结构整体性较差;双向加强措施的改善效果明显,且有利于提高结构的整体性.     

水下大型搭载平台与微小型机器人的干扰性能研究

文章采用CFD技术计算大型水下搭载平台与微小型水下机器人之间的水动力干扰性能.作为对水下搭载的可行性的验证,研究了二维物体和壁面的干扰,进而计算了在不同来流速度和距离时的阻力、升力和倾覆力矩性能.同时计算了大型搭载平台与微小型机器人在不同来流速度和不同距离改变时的阻力、升力和倾覆力矩性能.此外,对微小型水下机器人的中纵剖面的压力和速度分布进行了细致的分析.     

加肋有限圆柱壳体的边界条件对其振动和声辐射的影响

采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元的附加质量附加阻尼算法,建立了加肋有限圆柱壳体的有限元模型,并采用该模型对十四种方案的水下振动和声辐射进行了分析,讨论了模型边界条件对其水下振动和声辐射的影响规律以及在采用舱段模型代替整艇模型进行噪声估算时中间舱段长度的选取原则。结果表明用一个舱段模拟整艇的动态特性容易造成低频整体模态振型的缺失,在舱段首阶弯曲振动的模态频率以上,采用舱段来预报整艇的表面振动和辐射声功率是可以接受的;当整艇艇长不超过中间舱段长度的两倍时,可以采用舱段模型代替整艇模型进行噪声估算。     

Dynamic interaction of parallel moving ships in close proximity

Nowadays,there are many studies conducted in the field of marine hydrodynamics which focus on two vessels traveling and floating in sufficiently close proximity to experience significant interactions.The hydrodynamic behavior of parallel moving ships in waves is an interesting and important topic of late.A numerical investigation has been carried out for the prediction of wave exciting forces and motion responses of parallel moving ships in regular waves.The numerical solution was based on 3D distribution technique and using the linear wave theory to determine the exciting forces and ship＇s motion.The speed effects have been considered in the Green function for more realistic results.The numerical computations of wave exciting forces and motion responses were carried out for a Mariner and Series 60 for the purpose of discovering different Froude numbers and different separation distances in head sea conditions.Based on the numerical computations,it was revealed that the sway,roll and yaw have a significant effect due to hydrodynamic interaction.     

Value creation in the port: opening the boundaries to the market

In the era of fierce competition among ports as elements of value chain systems, the opening of the boundaries to the market represents a crucial challenge that port authority has to cope with, in order to guarantee a lasting economic and social development of the port and its hinterland. We propose a theoretical framework to analyse value creation in the port and its hinterland through two core concepts: resource allocation and interaction. We illustrate such framework with the case of the port of Naples and, specifically, the contribution of the port authority and other port business operators to the value creation process of Garofalo, an export-oriented firm located in its hinterland. A discussion and suggestions for future research are provided in the last section.     

大缆材料对旁靠外输系统的动力响应影响分析(英文)

In order to provide a theoretical guide for choosing the material for the hawsers for the FPSO side-by-side offloading system, which is moored by the yoke system, the 3D potential flow theory and full coupled time-domain analysis are presented to study the dynamic response of the offloading system. The Ming Zhu FPSO offloading system in the field BZ25-1 is simulated here; and four different characteristic fiber ropes are used as the material for the hawsers. To acquire an accurate hawser line tension, the polynomial fitting method is used to calculate the nonlinear stiffness of the hawsers. By comparing the hawser lines' tension and the relative motion between the FPSO and the shuttle tanker, a suitable material for the hawser lines is chosen and discussed in this paper. The results indicate that the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the fiber rope has a small effect on the relative motion of the vessels, but the hawser lines' tension is greatly influenced by the different characteristics of the fiber ropes. The hawser lines' tension with nonlinear stiffness is in accordance with the one with the upper and lower bound linear stiffness, which proves this method of fitting the fiber ropes' nonlinear stiffness is reasonable and reliable.     

水下爆炸冲击波与气泡载荷作用下船体结构的动响应

由冲击波引起的结构动力毁伤与由气泡引起的结构动力毁伤机理不同.基于双渐近（DAA）理论,建立-套有限元方法与边界元方法相结合的数值计算程序.分别研究非接触水下爆炸冲击波载荷与气泡载荷作用下三维船体结构的动响应,阐述水下爆炸载荷与三维船体结构之间的流固耦合理论.通过算例,详细讨论冲击波与气泡载荷作用下船体结构的总体响应和局部响应的-些特征与机理.计算结果表明,在非接触水下爆炸中,冲击波主要是对船体结构造成局部毁伤,而气泡则会对船体结构造成总体与局部的双重毁伤.     

基于VBA的螺旋桨流固耦合数值模拟

针对近年来广受关注的船用螺旋桨水弹性问题,采用面元法（BEM）进行螺旋桨水动力分析,基于有限元（FEM）进行桨叶结构分析,在Excel VBA环境中借助于Shell函数分别调用BEM代码和FEM模块,实现了螺旋桨稳态性能的双向流固耦合数值模拟.算例对DTMB4119桨分别采用＂刚性＂铝青铜和＂弹性＂S玻璃纤维两种各向同性材料进行了求解,计算结果表明,弹性桨变形量远大于刚性桨,变形形态以轴向和周向的弯曲为主,体现为侧斜和纵倾的改变;桨叶螺距基本不发生变化,其水动力性能与＂刚性＂桨保持一致,两者的应力分布也基本相当.相关研究结论可为后续复合材料螺旋桨水弹性分析与设计工作提供前期基础.     

离岸深水港轻型码头在波浪作用下动力响应研究

对离岸深水港轻型码头在强浪作用下的动力响应进行研究,依据JTJ 213—1998《海港水文规范》的环境条件和环境荷载规范,在考虑桩-土耦合效应下对海洋极端波况下离岸深水港轻型码头结构的动力响应进行了数值模拟;并对比了不同阻抗处理下桩柱响应与采取基岩面固结简化下的不同。研究结果表明,桩土耦合作用对于波浪尤其是不规则波作用下的桩柱响应有很大影响,考虑耦合作用时结构运动响应为岩面固结简化下的45%~65%,在不规则波作用下码头结构响应峰值远高于规则波下峰值结果,尤其不规则波的高频成分更能激发结构物的动力响应。建议在深水轻型码头结构物设计中采取更接近实际的基于两相饱和介质理论的桩基阻抗;在不规则波作用下尤其当频率较高时,不规则波中高频成分与轻型码头的固有频率接近易引起较大动力响应,在工程设计中需引起注意。     

艇体/导管螺旋桨干扰特性尺度效应数值模拟研究

尺度效应是船舶性能预报过程中不可忽略的重要因素,对于非常规推进器推进水下航行体其影响更加复杂。文章采用数值模拟方法研究不同尺度下导管螺旋桨与艇体之间的相互干扰,分析尺度效应对推进器艇后推进性能的影响。计算了三个不同尺度自航模型中推进器的艇后作用曲线以及自航点处的推进性能,研究了尺度效应的影响;对自航模型中螺旋桨尺度效应的成分进行分析,得出了螺旋桨尺度效应的主要来源。