浅述施工企业安全工作的科学管理

传统安全管理模式的着眼点是在系统运行阶段,致使事故防不胜防。而科学化安全管理,其着眼点是在对危险进行预先识别、分析和控制上,变“事后处理”为“事先控制”,防患于未然。企业管理者必须要转变观念,以人为本,提高专业素质,采用形式多样的人性化管理手段,才能促进现代施工尤其是隧道施工企业安全工作尽早实现科学管理。     

人工挖孔桩的施工控制探讨

通过对在惠河高速公路一期工程第十二合同段k73 674．26大桥桩基及抗滑桩的人工挖孔施工的各项工艺流程、施工要点的介绍，分析了人工挖孔桩施工的常见问题和处理方法，以及施工中要注意的安全问题。     

A pseudofield model approach to simulate compartment-fire phenomena for marine fire safety design

In order to prevent the spread of marine compartment fires, it is necessary to understand the governing factors or characteristics of fire-spread phenomena. We present a pseudofield model approach to this problem. We first described a field model of turbulent heat convection based on a standard k – turbulence model. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of a two-linked compartment fire were carried out in order to predict the turbulent convection flow induced by the heat released from the fire. Then a more complicated fire-spread problem of multilinked compartment fires was analyzed by means of a zone model, in which the amounts of oxygen consumption and gas generation were solved by a gas-balance equations system. The effect of threshold conditions on fire propagation and the effect of the thickness of the heat insulation were investigated with numerical simulations.     

Urban walkability considering pedestrians’ perceptions of the built environment: a 10-year review and a case study in a medium-sized city in Latin America

ABSTRACT

Numerous methodologies measuring walkability have been developed over the last years. This paper reviews the Walkability Index (WI) literature of the last decade (2009–2018) and highlights some limitations in the current approaches. Only a few studies have evaluated walkability in Latin America, mainly in big cities but not in medium and small-sized cities in the region, which present their own urbanisation dynamics, security issues, sidewalk invasion problems, and poor planning. Furthermore, most WIs in the literature use objective mesoscale variables to assess walkability in a given area. This paper contributes to filling these gaps by generating new evidence from a medium-sized city in Latin America to question if characteristics of the built environment encourage walking trips, as found in the literature, are transferable among regions. The study also proposes a novel index comprised of microscale and mesoscale built environment variables to assess walkability using virtual tools and considering users’ perceptions. The WI estimation relies on ranking probability models. The results of the case study suggest that subjective Security and Traffic Safety are the most crucial factors influencing walkability in these kind of cities, which is different from what is found in the literature from cities in developed countries where Sidewalk Condition and Attractiveness are the most important factors. Security appeared to be strongly associated with a subjective dimension, represented by the fear of crime or perceived risk for crime, instead of the actual occurrence of crimes. This result evidences the importance of the physical attributes of the real world and how they are captured, judged, and processed by pedestrians. Then, regional transferability of WIs needs to be done carefully. Finally, results in this paper highlight the importance of microscale built environment characteristics in the WI formulation in these cities. Results are in line with other research in some cities of the region, which found that microscale variables such as pavement quality and presence of obstacles on the sidewalks are relevant components to promote walkability.     

一级公路交叉口设计中的交通安全问题及对策

一级干线公路由于开口较多,不可避免地存在较多的交通安全问题.文章以湖北荆监一级公路为例,针对交叉口设计中的交通安全典型问题,提出了改善方法及相关对策.     

浅谈大型门座起重机整机运输及滚装上岸的安全管理

大型门座起重机整机运输及滚装上岸过程存在很大的风险,本文以滨海港北区10万t级通用码头一期工程为例,探讨了大型门座起重机整机运输及滚装上岸的安全管理。     

道路安全评价因子分析法

探讨了用因子分析法中公因子作为评价指标的替代指标,用其得分值作为新指标的数值.根据公因子对原始评价信息解释大小来计算新指标权重.然后,用线性加权法对评价对象的安全水平进行客观评价,最后,对此方法进行了比较应用研究,发现评价结论与其它方法有差别.     

液化气船航行安全评价指标体系的确定

分析液化气运输中影响航行安全的有关因素,提出综合评价液化气船航行安全的指标体系,为进一步定量分析液化气船航行安全提供依据.     

锂动力电池成组规模及结构形式对绝缘性影响

本文以UUV用锂动力电池组为对象,研究电池模块串、并联关系对成组绝缘性能的影响,结果表明电池成组规模越大,绝缘性能越差.考察了锂电池组不同部位的物理隔离对成组绝缘性的影响,结果表明对电池模块与模块、电池组与UUV舱体间采取绝缘防护,可有效提升电池成组绝缘性能.     

基于Vissim交通仿真的农村公路线形设计安全性评价分析

农村公路是农村经济发展、人民生活条件改善的重要基础条件,同时其在加强城乡联系、调整农业结构、促进农村土地资源开发等方面发挥了重要作用。但是在农村公路深人发展的同时,其交通安全问题严重影响并制约着农村公路的发展态势。通过研究农村公路线形与交通安全关系,运用交通仿真软件对农村公路线形设计进行了安全性评价,并针对其安全问题提出交通安全保障的主要技术手段。