轨面不平顺对高架支承块轨道结构振动特性影响试验研究

针对轨面不平顺对高架支承块轨道结构振动特性的影响进行现场试验,分别从时域和频域对比分析不同轨面不平顺状态下轨道结构的振动响应,重点考虑10～1 000 Hz频率范围内的振动.分析结果表明:轮轨冲击力和轨道结构振动加速度幅值随轨面不平顺幅值的增加而增大,同时也受到轨面不平顺类型和波长分布的影响;轨面不平顺引起的钢轨振动频率主要分布在50～1 000 Hz的范围内,承轨台、桥面板垂向振动频率分布在40～200 Hz的范围内,轨面不平顺的波长分布是影响轨道结构振动频率分布特性的主要因素之一;降低谐波型轨面不平顺幅值0.2mm,可以减小钢轨垂向振动水平14.1dB.建议将轨面不平顺谱加入轨道质量的评价指标中.     

解析铁道行业标准《铁路环境振动测量》

TB/T3152-2007《铁路环境振动测量》,以GB／T10071-1988《城市区域环境振动测量方法》作为主要依据,针对GB/T10071-1988中有关铁路环境振动测量方法中不明确的地方,如铁路环境振动的定义、标准的适用范围、测点的布设以及铁路环境振动的测量方法等,适当作了补充性规定,以满足实际测量工作的需要。     

列车车轮踏面擦伤信号处理算法研究

车轮踏面的擦伤、磨损等缺陷严重影响车辆与轨道设施的安全和使用寿命。使用小波分析,对列车运行中踏面与轨道产生的振动检测数据进行算法研究处理,数据处理中采用小波包分解重构的方法对信号滤波,利用直方图的特性得到擦伤信号的阈值。     

Coupled Vibration of Long-Span Railway Curved Girder Bridges and Vehicles

The structure of a long curved girder bridge is represented with a three-dimensional curved finite element model. Each 4-axle vehicle is modeled by a dynamic system of 35 degrees of freedom. The random irregularities of the track are generated from a power spectral density function under the given track condition. The dynamic interaction between the bridge and train is realized through the contact forces between the wheels and track. Then based on these models, the coupled equations of motion are solved by applying the time-integration and iteration techniques to the coupled system. The proposed formulation and the associated computer program are then applied to a real curved girder bridge. The dynamic responses of the bridge-vehicle system and the derailments and offload factors related to the riding and running safeties of vehicles are computed. The results show that the formulation presented in this paper can well predict dynamic behaviors of both bridge and train with reasonable computation efforts.     

两自由度不同截面形式柱体涡激振动的CFD数值模拟

文章采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法,结合SST k-棕湍流模型,对低质量比柱体进行两自由度涡激振动数值模拟,得到了柱体升力、曳力系数的时程曲线,并观察了柱体进入锁振状态的幅值变化,研究了不同截面形式柱体在外流速处于0.1-1.0 m/s范围内的振动响应。将圆柱体在不同流速下两向振动的CFD数值模拟与实验数据进行比较,得到了较为满意的结果。通过分析不同截面柱体在不同外流速下的振动幅值发现,带有抑振装置的柱体截面形式能够有效地减小涡激振动,其中,板状截面柱体抑振效果较好。     

柔性隔振系统功率流传递特性研究

由于基础和隔振器存在着动力耦合,经典隔振理论的局限性日益突出,从而出现了将基础简化为欧拉梁、柔性板、圆柱壳等。本文将基础简化为两端固支弹性梁,运用四端参数法推导了单层柔性隔振系统传递功率流,并运用电力类比法对推导结果进行了验证。通过数值仿真,分析了偏心激励对功率流传递特性的影响,并将功率流与振级落差频谱曲线进行了比较。结果表明：偏心激励会激发系统的高阶模态,基础的刚性会影响振级落差对功率流的估计。     

The chatter of racing motorcycles

The chatter of motorcycles appears during braking and consists of a vibration of the rear and front unsprung masses at a frequency in the range of 17-22 Hz depending on the motorcycle. This vibration could be very strong and acceleration of the unsprung masses can reach 5-10 g. The chatter is an auto-excited vibration and this fact explains why it appears suddenly when the mechanism of auto-excitation is generated. This paper presents the chatter phenomenon both from an experimental and a numerical point of view. First, the chatter is defined on the basis of some experimental data from racing motorcycles and from the comments of some racing teams technicians. Then, chatter is analysed in different motion conditions and for different braking styles by means of linear and non-linear simulations of the motorcycle dynamics. A physical interpretation of the phenomenon is also proposed.     

四滚柱式超越离合器系统模糊可靠度计算

根据四滚柱式超越离合器的工作原理及每一个零部件的功能,作者将离合器系统简化为一个由外环、心轮与滚柱———弹簧子系统组成的串联系统,应用模糊数学的理论与方法建立了离合器系统模糊可靠度的数学模型并且给出了一个简单实例,并与用常规方法计算的离合器系统可靠度进行了比较。     

船舶水下结构噪声数值计算方法研究概况

本文回顾了舰船水下结构噪声数值计算方面的发展,阐述了应用不同的方法和措施计算水下结构辐射噪声的特点和现状,为进一步研究船舶水下结构辐射噪声提供了参考.     

声纳隔振模块性能分析

拖曳线声纳在海洋资源勘探、水下反潜战争中一直起着非常重要的作用。为了提高声纳的隔振性能,必须在声阵模块前、后插入性能优良的隔振模块。文章在建立声纳隔振模块有限元模型的基础上,对隔振模块的隔振性能进行了理论计算,得到了一些有价值的结论。这些结论对于进一步改进和提高隔振模块性能具有参考价值。