Variability of the western Galician upwelling system (NW Spain) during an intensively sampled annual cycle. An EOF analysis approach

The key features of the western Galician shelf hydrography and dynamics are analyzed on a solid statistical and experimental basis. The results allowed us to gather together information dispersed in previous oceanographic works of the region. Empirical orthogonal functions analysis and a canonical correlation analysis were applied to a high-resolution dataset collected from 47 surveys done on a weekly frequency from May 2001 to May 2002. The main results of these analyses are summarized bellow. Salinity, temperature and the meridional component of the residual current are correlated with the relevant local forcings (the meridional coastal wind component and the continental run-off) and with a remote forcing (the meridional temperature gradient at latitude 37°N). About 80% of the salinity and temperature total variability over the shelf, and 37% of the residual meridional current total variability are explained by two EOFs for each variable. Up to 22% of the temperature total variability and 14% of the residual meridional current total variability is devoted to the set up of cross-shore gradients of the thermohaline properties caused by the wind-induced Ekman transport. Up to 11% and 10%, respectively, is related to the variability of the meridional temperature gradient at the Western Iberian Winter Front. About 30% of the temperature total variability can be explained by the development and erosion of the seasonal thermocline and by the seasonal variability of the thermohaline properties of the central waters. This thermocline presented unexpected low salinity values due to the trapping during spring and summer of the high continental inputs from the River Miño recorded in 2001. The low salinity plumes can be traced on the Galician shelf during almost all the annual cycle; they tend to be extended throughout the entire water column under downwelling conditions and concentrate in the surface layer when upwelling favourable winds blow. Our evidences point to the meridional temperature gradient acting as an important controlling factor of the central waters thermohaline properties and in the development and decay of the Iberian Poleward Current.     

从东风的实践看中国汽车企业的国际化战略

对于长期封闭发展的中国汽车企业来说,实施国际化战略,在全球市场寻求自己的发展空间,仿佛是遥远的话题。然而,经济全球化的深入打破了封闭发展的樊篱。面对与跨国公司同台竞技的现实,中国企业必须以国际化的视野调整战略,谋划未来。以东风的实践为例证,就中国企业国际化战略实施的背景、内涵和实施步骤进行了探讨。     

深水板桩码头超长钢管-板桩结合墙设计与施工技术

结合某挖入式港池工程,介绍深水整体卸荷式板桩结构的超长钢管-板桩结合墙设计及关键施工工艺。根据辅桩适应变形的能力,对主桩垂直度允许偏差提出0.4%的要求。通过对导向架合理的设计和改造,采用整桩起吊、振打结合、交错下沉的沉桩工艺等措施,确保顺利沉桩。结果表明,全部钢管-板桩结合墙都达到设计高程,沉桩效果良好,可为类似工程提供技术参考。     

加入WTO对铁路科技工作的影响及对策

从WT0《补贴与反补贴措施协议》对政府科技支持的限制出发，分析了加入WT0对我国铁路科技发展的影响，提出了调整政府铁路科技支持政策和铁路技术发展路线，加强铁路科技法制化管理的具体政策建议。     

加入WTO后中国铁路的改革发展与科技创新

针对中国加入世界贸易组织后,铁路市场形势及运作方式呈现的新变化,提出了铁路改革开放和科技创新的新思路.     

浅析加入WTO对我国中小企业的影响及发展对策

本文介绍了中小企业的基本情况,简要分析了加入WTO对我国中小企业的影响及发展对策.     

MEAs和WTO争端解决机制的冲突与协调

国际环境争端主要由跨界污染和共享资源的开发、利用两个因素引发。国际环境争端解决机制是指国际关系行为体为协调解决国际环境争端而共同制定或认可的一整套明示或默示的原则、规范、规则以及决策程序等。WTO和MEAs(Multilateral Environmental Agreements)二者争端解决机制发生冲突已不再仅仅是一种理论上的探讨,而是实践中很有可能发生的事情,如何协调二者的冲突,是一个亟待解决的问题。     

基于MC9S12X的CAN通讯的底层代码设计

CAN总线因其高实时性能、高可靠性、稳定的传输性能、高抗电磁干扰性,使得它在汽车业中应用非常普遍。MC9S12X是一款高性能的16位处理器,可作为整车控制器的MCU,带有5个CAN通讯模块,可实现多路CAN通讯。论文给出了CAN底层代码的设计方法,并验证了代码,实现了MC9S12X与CAN助手之间的通讯,具有一定的实用价值。     

绿色贸易壁垒及我国出口企业应对策略研究

随着经济全球化和贸易自由化,世界整体的关税水平大幅度降低,传统的非关税壁垒也不断削减。而在国际贸易中,绿色贸易壁垒逐渐兴起并日渐强盛,我国近年来的产品出口也受到绿色贸易壁垒的严重影响。因此我们要积极思考其原因并采取积极有效的应对措施。     

基于ISD4003的车道偏离警示系统语音报警实现

介绍了车道偏离警示系统的语音报警实现方法和MC9S12DP256单片机与ISD4003语音芯片之间的SPI串行通信原理,给出了MC9S12DP256单片机与ISD4003语音芯片的电路连接及软件控制,实现了车道偏离警示系统的组合放音的设计。