无线传感器网络在交通信息采集中的应用

针对交通信息多变性、分散性等特点,提出把无线传感器网络应用于交通信息采集系统的设计方案。介绍系统的体系结构,设计无线传感器网络节点、通信协议及软件流程,并对系统进行试验测试。结果表明,该系统稳定性强,准确性更高,可满足交通信息实时采集、处理和远程监控的需求。     

基于层次分析法区间估计的我国燃油税定价影响因素筛选

在分析我国燃油税征收的目的和原则的基础上,提出层次分析区间估计方法并分析该方法较传统层次分析法的优越性.结合国外燃油税价格制定的成功经验,考虑我国燃油税征收条件,确定我国燃油税定价应考虑的影响因素.利用层次分析区间估计方法对燃油税定价影响因素的各因素进行分析和筛选,提出针对我国燃油税定价制定过程中应考虑的合理因素,为我国燃油税价格制定提出合理建议.     

LNG燃料动力船机舱设计研究

以本质安全型机舱、紧急防护型机舱为基础,提出了增强安全型机舱的设计思路,通过增强通风、加强探测与报警、采用全熔透对焊接头等措施降低机舱风险.以某内河LNG燃料动力船为目标,进行了增强安全型机舱的设计,给出了气体燃料管路上安装相应阀件、机舱和阀箱内设置气体探测和机械通风、供气管路的连接采用全熔透对焊接头、发动机进排气总管和曲轴箱上安装防爆安全阀、驱动风机的电动机安装在通风管道外、管道及电器设备接地等设计要求,达到了本质安全型机舱的风险水平.     

Biological Status Assessment of Coral Reefs in Southern Puerto Rico: Supporting Coral Reef Protection Under the U.S. Clean Water Act

Abstract

States and other jurisdictions may protect coral reefs using biological water quality standards outlined by the United States Clean Water Act (CWA). Such protection will require long-term, regional monitoring of the resource using biological indicators and a probability-based sampling design. A 60-station survey targeting nearshore linear coral reef was conducted across southern Puerto Rico in December 2011 to document the status of reef inhabitants using a probabilistic, regional sampling design. The quantity, type and condition of stony corals, fish, gorgonians, and sponges were documented from each station, providing a robust representation of linear reef status and composition across the region. Fish represented 106 unique taxa and stony corals 32 unique taxa. Benthic organisms (stony corals, sponges, and gorgonians) averaged nearly 12 colonies per square meter, more than half of which were gorgonians. Assessment results can be used as a baseline to compare with future regional surveys to quantify change in reef condition over time (trend). Both temporal and spatial changes can be expected after large-scale disturbances like hurricanes Maria and Irma in 2017. The indicators and probabilistic sampling design support the long-term regional monitoring envisioned by the Environmental Protection Agency to implement CWA protections in Puerto Rico and elsewhere.     

关于内河船舶吨位丈量复核中几个问题的建议

文中通过回顾我国内河船舶吨位丈量规范的变迁,对解决内河船舶吨位证书内容协调性与数据逻辑性的问题,提出了建议。     

天然气发动机氧传感器故障模拟试验

在自行搭建的发动机试验台架上,以台架试验与排放分析法为基础,以NI采集卡、前端信号处理电路、信号丢失控制电路与信号异常控制电路等为硬件,以LabVIEW软件为技术支持设计了天然气发动机氧传感器故障模拟系统,分析了天然气发动机氧传感器故障对发动机动力性、经济性以及各项排放指标的影响.试验结果表明:当转速为2 500 r·min-1,节气门开度为25％,模拟信号电压低于0.5V时,过量空气系数变小,混合气变浓,转矩与正常值相比变化不大,CO排放上升,HC排放略有升高,但变化不大,NOx排放下降;当模拟信号电压高于0.5V时,过量空气系数变大,混合气变稀,转矩下降较大,CO排放下降,并低于正常值,HC排放上升,NOx排放基本为0.     

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无线传感网是采集实时交通信息的重要工具.因其节点能量有限,必须设计高能效的分簇路由算法以延长网络周期.本文通过建立一种智能交通中无线传感器网络的应用模型,根据其特点和要求分析LEACH协议的优缺点并提出一种能量负载均衡的分簇算法.该算法对LEACH协议当中的簇首机制进行改进,综合考虑候选节点的剩余能量和簇首节点的分布位置;建立簇间多跳路由机制以避免单跳通信的大能量消耗;创造一种簇重构方法,避免过于频繁的簇重构引起的不必要能量消耗.仿真结果表明,能量均衡算法可有效平衡节点能量消耗分布,延长网络生命周期,可很好的应用于基于WSN的ITS当中.     

空气能热泵热水器在线测试研究

文章进行了不同工况下热泵热水器的在线测试,确定了机组输入功率、排气压力、吸气压力、排气温度等在线测试关键参数对产品性能的影响,并拟合了各关键参数与进水温度的曲线及函数关系式,为在线测试提供了较为全面的数据判定标准。     

Fuel price changes and their impacts on urban transport – a literature review using bibliometric and content analysis techniques, 1972–2017

ABSTRACT

While the period of heightened oil prices in 2005–2014 has attracted considerable academic and policy attention, there is scant cross-disciplinary research considering energy price, transport and land use together. In car dependent societies many socio-economically disadvantaged areas often lack public and active transport accessibility. Emerging research focus has been placed on issues of transport equity including effects of fuel prices. We reviewed 45 years (1972–2017) of publications about fuel price impacts, transport, and urban context, drawn from Web of Science listed publications. Bibliographic citation analysis reveals eight major research clusters with a set of inter-city comparative studies at their centre. The historical evolution, geographical trends, research approaches and the key themes are revealed by context analysis. The paper highlights the need for further studies looking at energy, transport and land use interaction, and suggests a greater focus on transport equity.     

基于底盘测功机的汽车燃油消耗量测试研究

随着石油储量的减少和油价的持续走高,油耗已经成为大家关注的焦点.文章通过基于底盘测功机的汽车燃油消耗量的测试研究,获得了不同车况和车速下的油耗曲线,试验结果比较科学地反映了车辆的真实油耗,可供各种汽车油耗测试参考.