Application of a validated primary production model (BLOOM) as a screening tool for marine, coastal and transitional waters

In order to manage aquatic systems, it is necessary to apply methods relating the environmental variables and system-state parameters with external factors that affect the system. External factors can be natural (i.e. the movement of water) or partly-anthropogenic (i.e. nutrient loads). In addition to the national authorities, who have been implementing environmental policies for several decades, the EU is presently implementing the Water Framework Directive (WFD) aimed at establishing a new set of standards for the ecological and water quality of water systems. Among these are the phytoplankton biomass and composition. Phytoplankton affects turbidity, oxygen depletion, total productivity of the system and the occurrence of (harmful) algal blooms. A range of methods is available to relate phytoplankton to the controlling environmental conditions. Among these are statistical relations for instance of the Vollenweider type as well as deterministic simulation models. At the end of the 1970s, a generic deterministic phytoplankton module called BLOOM was developed, which has since been applied to a wide range of fresh water and marine systems. Here we test the applicability of this model as a screening tool for coastal waters. We conclude that the model is able to reproduce observed chlorophyll levels adequately under a wide range of conditions. Subsequently the model is applied to demonstrate the potential impacts of reductions in nitrogen, phosphorus or both nutrients simultaneously. Depending on which factors are initially controlling, the impacts of these reductions vary considerably both between locations and during the season. While this type of application lacks explicit relations between nutrient concentrations and external loadings, it does consider a number of relevant conditions in a consistent way and requires remarkably little data and effort. It is therefore a valuable screening tool.     

电喷发动机传感器故障的检测与诊断

传感器品质的好坏,将直接影响汽车各监测部分的控制。本文详细介绍电喷发动机传感器的故障检测与诊断。     

NAVISTAR DT466E电控柴油发动机电子油门系统故障诊断

详细介绍美国NAVISTAR DT466E电控柴油发动机电子油门系统故障诊断步骤,对油门位置传感器中的位置传感器(APS)和怠速开关(IVS)的工作原理作简要介绍。     

车用转速传感器的发展现状

介绍车用转速传感器的常见类型、基本工作原理、发展趋势以及在汽车上的应用。     

电喷发动机传感器的工作原理与检修

系统地阐述了电喷发动机常用传感器的结构、种类及工作原理,给出了它们的输出特性并进行了归纳,同时也列举了各传感器的检修方法。     

厦门海底隧道建设中涌水量流固耦合数值模拟

文章运用有限差分软件(FLAC3D)对厦门海底隧道F4风化深槽的涌水情况进行了流固耦合分析。由于隧道在穿越风化深槽段时采用双侧壁导洞法施工,因此对隧道施工三个阶段的涌水量分别进行了分析,并对不同注浆密度下的涌水量进行了对比。研究结果表明,在隧道开始开挖阶段,涌水量较大,之后逐渐趋于稳定;左右侧导洞开挖时,涌水量逐渐增大,但隧道中间部分开挖后,涌水量有所降低;数值计算所得涌水量结果与规范推荐公式计算结果基本一致。     

高压共轨电控喷油器结构参数的仿真研究

高压共轨电控喷油系统是提高柴油机整体性能、降低排放、污染的有效手段之一.本文对该系统核心部件——高压共轨电控喷油器进行模块化,采用数值模拟方法对该喷油器进行仿真研究,探讨了该喷油器主要结构参数对喷射过程的影响,确定了保证系统稳定性的结构参数选取原则,通过研究对高压共轨电控喷油器的确定和优化具有一定的参考价值.     

机车LCD亮度自动调节系统设计

针对现代化机车上LCD亮度自动调节的需要,提出一种基于EPLD实现LCD亮度自动调节的新型控制系统.EPLD控制系统以光照传感器TSL2550检测环境光照度,经过视函数和对比度矫正,对LCD显示器的亮度做出自动调整.系统采用全硬件实现,提高了响应速度,避免了软件实现带来的不利因素.电路简单,便于微型化.     

机车轴承故障诊断中的多智能传感器技术应用分析

故障诊断技术是保证铁路设备安全运行的一项重要技术.分析传统机车轴承故障诊断方法中存在的不确定性,利用多智能传感器技术进行机车轴承故障诊断,建立融合诊断系统.该系统采用决策级融合方法来处理由于单个参数带来的诊断的不确定性.实验表明,这种方法能够有效解决基于单个参数诊断系统中带来的不确定性问题.因而它具有很强的理论意义和应用价值.