纳米化对1Cr17不锈钢耐高温氧化的影响

喷丸处理可以使铁素体不锈钢1Cr17实现表面自身纳米化.对不同工艺的试样进行在高温空气介质中的耐氧化试验,结果表明1Cr17不锈钢经纳米化喷丸后,在氧化20 h后材料的表面可以形成一层富Cr的致密的内氧化物层,有效的防止了材料的进一步氧化.喷丸后又经过退火的试样,在氧化12 h时表面就形成了一层致密的内氧化物层,因为退火可以有效地释放因为喷丸而产生的压应力,可以更好地促进Cr向表面的扩散,更快的在合金表面形成富Cr的氧化物,从而显著提高了合金的抗高温氧化性.     

地铁牵引供电框架保护及功能性改造

针对广州地铁1号线不能远程区分框架保护类型和不能远程复归的状况,结合西门子S5系列PLC技术、SINAUT技术、牵引供电技术,对框架保护进行功能性改造,大大减少了框架保护故障的处理时间.改造技术方案主要通过研究数据的传递方式、协议转换、控制逻辑关系,修改组态软件、监控程序、接口程序、PLC程序的方式来实现.     

基于GM(1,1)模型的交通客运量发展预测

采用灰色系统理论中的GM(1,1)模型,选取2001~2005年我国客运运量数据,分别建立了铁路、公路和民航客运周转量的预测模型,经检验,模型精度等级较高。应用所建模型进行了2006~2010年客运周转量预测,并对照2006年实际运量数据,证明预测结果精度较高。最后讨论了GM(1,1)预测模型在运量预测实际应用中的指标选取、模型检验和应用范围。     

Estimates of vertical mixing during a Lagrangian experiment off the Galician coast

An adjoint 1-D model was used to determine vertical diffusivity coefficients from temperature profiles collected within a filament escaping from the Galician coast following an upwelling event. The optimisation scheme ended with relatively high diffusivity values within the thermocline (9×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹). Such high values are relevant for biogeochemical exchanges between surface and deep waters in stratified areas.The optimised values were several orders of magnitude higher than the bulk of diffusivity measurements recorded with a free-falling device; however, the optimisation solution was consistent with the arithmetic mean of the measurements in the thermocline (7.7×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹), giving more weight to the few largest values. Below the thermocline, the data assimilation method failed because of the three-dimensional nature of the advective field of the upwelling system. Ignoring this advective forcing in the model led to estimates that were two orders of magnitude too high.The results suggest that turbulent mixing is a random process where a few intense events determine the average mixing that drives the long-term evolution of the water column structure. This statistical property is very important when one wants to use instantaneous diffusivity measurements for modelling purposes.     

我国汽车产业循环经济模式的研究

在借鉴和总结国内外汽车产业在生态设计、减量化制造、废旧汽车回收再利用等方面的先进经验基础上,提出了汽车产业实施循环经济的"4R"原则,按产品生命周期的不同阶段分别探讨了实施循环经济的有效途径,并结合我国的实际特点,提出了相关的政策建议。     

基于三弯矩样条函数插值模型的非等距时序灰色预测方法

给出了三弯矩样条函数插值模型,用以解决非等距时序GM（1,1）的灰色预测问题.在国际平整度指数IRI的非等距时序样条灰色预测应用实例表明,该方法在作非等距时序列向等距时序列转换中保留了原有数据序列所呈现出的阶段性规律,具有精度高、实用性强的特点.     

不等时距GM(1,1)模型在预测输气管道腐蚀中的应用

根据等时距GM(1,1)模型建立了不等时距GM(1,1)预测模型,该模型可应用于利用腐蚀指标的原始数据来预测以后的输气管道腐蚀情况。验证表明:不等时距灰色模型扩大了等时距灰色模型的应用范围,在小样本的情况下同样可以做出较准确预测,为输气管道的防腐提供了可靠的依据。     

4MlE在施工项目管理中的拓展

通过对施工项目管理中"4M1E"的分析及其在当今项目管理中的拓展,为企业进行其项目管理提供理论依据.     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后，所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件，因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展，依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱，采用KT/J^2系数，给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法，经实际算例验证，该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便，且结果准确可靠。     

Spatial econometric analysis of automobile and motorcycle traffic on Indonesian national roads and its socio-economic determinants: Is it local or beyond city boundaries?

The purpose of this paper is to verify the justification provided for a centralized national road policyin Indonesia, namely, that trips on national roads are typically inter-urban, by measuring the spatialdimensions of automobile and motorcycle trips on national roads in Indonesia. The study finds thatmotorcycle trips are characteristically local; by contrast, automobile trips extend beyond city boundaries,although to a limited extent. The results suggest the decentralization of transportation policies for thedevelopment and maintenance of national roads by granting autonomy to local governments when nofiscal externality exists. The results also indicate that road capacity, gasoline prices, income, populationand worker density, city size, and the number of public buses are strong predictors of vehicle kilometerstraveled.