400000 DWT VLOC舷侧分段总组精度控制技术

针对400000 DWT VLOC舷侧分段总组对接时因主板、结构对接产生错位、间隙超差,导致总段完工尺寸超标后难修正的问题,在进行分段总组时,采用在旁板及斜板半宽方向设置反变形量,统一定位基准、执行相应的施工工艺标准,从而实现降低总段搭载对接的错位量、开刀量,提高舷侧总段一次到位率及缩短船坞施工周期.     

Assessing the accuracy of the Sydney Household Travel Survey with GPS

Over the past few years, GPS has been used in a number of surveys in the US to assess the accuracy of household travel surveys. The results have been somewhat alarming in that most of these exercises have shown that the standard trip-based CATI survey conducted in the US under-reports travel by about 20–25%. It was decided to use GPS to assess the accuracy of the Sydney Household Travel Survey, a continuous survey conducted by face-to-face interviewing. The procedure used was for the interviewers to recruit households for the household travel survey in the normal manner, and then, if the household met certain criteria, to endeavour to recruit the household to also undertake a GPS survey. A small sample of about 50 households was obtained, and GPS devices successfully retrieved that measured data on the same day as the travel diary was completed. In addition, participants in the GPS survey completed a prompted recall survey a week or two later, using maps and tabulations of travel obtained from the GPS devices, to identify mode, purpose and occupancy for trips measured by the GPS, and also to check for accuracy in defining trip ends and total number of trips. Based on the analysis of the GPS compared to the diary results, it was found that respondents under-reported their travel by about 7%, which is much less than in the US CATI results. Respondents were also found to under-report travel distances and over-report travel times. There was also a high incidence of non-reporting for VKT.

浅谈板簧支架的钻夹具设计

通过板簧支架的钻夹具设计,保证了板簧支架的加工精度,使板簧支架与车架安装位置相对准确,防止了汽车跑偏,减少了汽车轮胎磨损。     

提高道路施工测量精确度的办法

施工测量是道路设计成果高质量实现的保证。为了提高其精确度,保证其成果符合设计和规范要求,文中对道路施工测量中存在的若干问题提出了解决办法。     

高精度调整垫片加工工艺研究

本文通过对曼桥用的某种高精度调整垫片加工工艺的分析,试验和研究,提出了保证高精度调整垫片形位公差的工艺方法,为高精度调整垫片的加工指出了一条实用的思路。     

提高公路工程概预算编制的准确性

公路工程概预算是合理确定项目投资的重要指导性文件,它的准确与否直接关系到项目决策的准确性。结合工程实践,从分析影响公路工程概预算编制准确性主要因素入手,提出做好公路工程概预算编制准确性的方法,该方法对提高工程概预算的准确性具有指导作用。     

工程测量中复杂线型的计算方法

为了使设计道路的线形更美观流畅,往往采用更复杂的线形组合。特别在大型立交的匝道设计中,频繁出现小半径不完整缓和曲线段。这就使得测量现场工程人员,在用传统方法详细计算缓和曲线时,会遇到一些问题,主要是计算方法和计算精度两个方面的问题。该文主要针对这两个问题进行一些分析,并提出了解决问题的方法。     

有关全站仪加、乘常数测定的分析

加、乘常数是影响全站仪光电结构系统性偏差的重要因素,如何测定对部分测绘从业人员来说比较陌生。介绍目前国内最常用的六段比较法测定加、乘常数的原理、计算方法及精度影响因素,结合试验数据,对野外基线点的布设进行研究分析,论证了不同布设方案的测定精度及效率,并提出了新的野外基线点布设方案。     

基于梯度推进决策树的日维度交通指数预测模型

城市交通运行监测和预测是掌握交通运行变化特点,制定缓解交通拥堵策略的重要工作,其结果能为公众提供有效的路况信息,亦为政策措施的制定和效果评估提供重要支撑.有别于传统的短时交通预测,本文提出的预测模型不是针对相邻时段的运行状态预测,而是更长跨度上,针对日级别高峰时段交通运行状态的预测.构建了包含时间周期、特殊天气、节假日、限行、大型活动等因素的多维度影响因素集;以长期历史交通指数构建数据训练集,提出了基于梯度推进决策树的日维度路网状况预测模型.应用最优模型进行验证,结果表明,模型预测精度可达 90%以上,与其他 4种回归模型的对比分析也显示,本文所提出的模型在各项评分中均表现最优,说明其更适合于大样本、多因素的回归分析.本文所提出的日维度预测模型对提升城市路网运行质量、缓解交通拥堵具有重要的应用价值.     

拱北隧道曲线顶管管幕施工关键技术

为了解决高水压复合软土地层曲线管幕施工技术难题,以拱北隧道曲线管幕工程施工为依托,分析临海复合软土地层、高地下水压力以及敏感周边环境对施工的苛刻要求和巨大风险。总结出包括顶管机选型、高水压顶管始发和接收技术、小间距曲线顶管精度控制技术、管道结构和密封测试、复合地层顶管泥浆及障碍物处理措施的曲线顶管管幕综合施工关键技术,解决了复合地层顶管设备和泥浆优选、高水压顶管施工密封性、曲线管幕精度控制和顶管事故处理等技术难题。