舰炮武器系统海上动态精度试验可行性探讨

阐述了舰炮武器系统设计定型试验遵循＂先陆试后海试、陆试海试相结合＂指导原则的由来及其局限性;分析了制约舰炮武器系统海上动态精度试验的主要瓶颈;推导了舰艇摇摆条件下误差传递公式;得到＂在满足特定条件下,海上动态精度试验可行＂的结论,为海上动态精度试验方法研究奠定基础。     

自导深弹脱靶距离测量方法研究

脱靶距离是衡量自导深弹制导控制能力的终级指标,指自导深弹跟踪目标时与目标之间的最小距离。试验时需要对其进行精确测量。提出了同步测距进行脱靶距离测量,简要阐述了系统的组成及工作原理,对系统的软硬件设计作了简要说明。系统测距精度高,使用方便,能满足工程需要。     

强涌潮水域埋置式承台双壁钢围堰的下放精度控制

嘉绍跨江大桥主桥埋置式承台采用无底双壁钢围堰施工,施工中主要采取定位导向系统、吊点荷载控制、测量监控等方法控制围堰下放精度。下放过程中,采用固定在群桩护筒和钢围堰上的特制定位导向系统控制围堰平面偏位和垂直度;采用计算机控制系统监控吊点荷载,指导围堰舱壁内的加、卸载以及围堰内、外的吸泥;采用测量监控系统分析、计算围堰姿态,指导围堰的下放及纠偏施工。通过对围堰下放精度的控制,围堰下放平面偏位保持在5～8cm,垂直度达到1/400以上,均满足规范要求。     

黄土路基沉降变权重组合模型预测方法研究

利用兰武二线路基沉降观测数据,对黄土路基沉降变权重组合模型预测方法进行分析研究。研究结果表明:根据拟合精度选择单个模型时,要尽量选择相对误差偏离方向相反且大小相差不多的单个模型;在单个模型预测精度相差不大时,单个模型的数量越多,组合模型的精度会越高;单个模型的拟合精度越高,对应的组合模型的拟合精度也越高;组合模型相对误差与单个模型的相对误差的偏离方向和大小有关;在相同预测精度要求下,组合模型需要的观测时间比单个模型要短。     

免棱镜全站仪在桥梁拱圈竖向线形检测中的应用研究

既有拱桥在检测时,拱圈竖向线形测量工作量大、危险性高、操作不方便,为解决这个难题,提出一种在拱桥侧面适当位置架设免棱镜全站仪测量拱圈竖向线形的方法,并给出详细操作步骤.分析该方法测量误差的主要来源,并根据误差传播定律,推导拱圈竖向线形测量中误差的计算公式.工程实例证明,该方法具有简单、实用价值高、适应性强等优点,是桥梁拱圈竖向线形检测的一种较好方法.     

激光雷达距离成像精度改进方法

成像激光雷达是一种有源成像系统,使用脉冲激光发射器和面阵接收器产生3D距离图像,具有广范围精度和宽范围门等特性。文中通过静态弥散宽度对图像模糊的影响分析,提出了时间分辨信号分布模型和改进范围精度分析方法。通过激光雷达测距系统试验分析表明,利用该模型得到的最佳静态弥散宽度对距离成像精度有显著影响,能够在白天强背景环境下对室内和室外的10 m和1700 m目标进行距离成像。在室内成像中,当静态弥散宽度为43.4μm时获得的最优测距精度为0.06 m,在室外成像中,获得了测距误差为0.25 m的分米级3D图像。该方法能够有效地提高激光雷达成像距离和成像精度,从而提高交通流测距和测速的精度。     

孔组位置度检测装置的设计及应用

本文结合某壳体零件孔位置度检验的综合量规设计,系统讨论了组孔位置度的检验方法,设计了一种新结构的孔位置度量规,并详细说明了该位置度量规的结构、工作原理、设计方法及使用。     

Assessment of schedule-based and frequency-based assignment models for strategic and operational planning of high-speed rail services

Despite some substantial limitations in the simulation of low-frequency scheduled services, frequency-based (FB) assignment models are by far the most widely used in practice. They are less expensive to build and less demanding from the computational viewpoint with respect to schedule-based (SB) models, as they require neither explicit simulation of the timetable (on the supply side), nor segmentation of OD matrices by desired departure/arrival time (on the demand side).The objective of this paper is to assess to what extent the lack of modeling capabilities of FB models is acceptable, and, on the other hand, the cases in which such approximations are substantial and more detailed SB models are needed. This is a first attempt to shed light on the trade-off between (frequency-based) model inaccuracy and (scheduled-based) model development costs in the field of long-distance (e.g. High-speed Rail, HSR) service modeling.To this aim, we considered two modeling specifications estimated using mixed Revealed Preferences (RP) and Stated Preferences (SP) surveys and validated with respect to the same case study. Starting from an observed (baseline) scenario, we artificially altered the demand distributions (uniform vs. time-varying demand) and the supply configuration (i.e. train departure times), and analyzed the differences in modal split estimates and flows on individual trains, using the two different model specifications.It resulted that when the demand distribution is uniform within the period of analysis, such differences are significant only when departure times of trains are strongly unevenly spaced in time. In such cases, the difference in modal shares, using FB w.r.t. SB, is in the range of [0%, +5%] meaning that FB models tend to overestimate HSR modal shares. When the demand distribution is not uniform, the difference in modal shares, using FB w.r.t. SB, is in the range of [−10%, +10%] meaning that FB models can overestimate or underestimate HSR modal shares, depending on timetable settings with respect to travelers’ desired departure times. The differences in on-board train flow estimates are more substantial in both cases of uniform and not uniform demand distribution.     

双平台鱼雷报警声呐对来袭鱼雷快速定位仿真

在水声对抗中,鱼雷报警是非常重要的环节。介绍了水面舰对鱼雷实施远距离定位的重要性,阐述双平台鱼雷报警声呐对来袭鱼雷进行快速定位的原理,对鱼雷定位精度进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,鱼雷报警声呐的舷角测量误差是主要的定位误差来源,当舷角测量误差较小时,采取该方法能够快速获取较精确鱼雷位置,可为远距离实施水声对抗提供参考。     

BIM技术在苏锡常南部高速公路工程设计应用

为研究BIM技术在道路基础设施全生命管理中的应用技术,依托苏锡常南部高速公路工程,在初步设计、施工图设计、施工优化和运营维护4个阶段,应用BIM技术对水下隧道、枢纽互通等重点项目全生命周期信息进行综合管控。研究表明,BIM平台有效促进了信息交流,提升了工程要素可视化,保障了信息的有效传递,为实现基于BIM技术的交通基础设施全生命周期信息高效协同管理提供了参考价值。