Chassis integrated control for active suspension,active front steering and direct yaw moment systems using hierarchical strategy

This paper proposes a novel integrated controller with three-layer hierarchical structure to coordinate the interactions among active suspension system (ASS), active front steering (AFS) and direct yaw moment control (DYC). First of all, a 14-degree-of-freedom nonlinear vehicle dynamic model is constructed. Then, an upper layer is designed to calculate the total corrected moment for ASS and intermediate layer based on linear moment distribution. By considering the working regions of the AFS and DYC, the intermediate layer is functionalised to determine the trigger signal for the lower layer with corresponding weights. The lower layer is utilised to separately trace the desired value of each local controller and achieve the local control objectives of each subsystem. Simulation results show that the proposed three-layer hierarchical structure is effective in handling the working region of the AFS and DYC, while the quasi-experimental result shows that the proposed integrated controller is able to improve the lateral and vertical dynamics of the vehicle effectively as compared with a conventional electronic stability controller.     

Hunting stability analysis of high-speed train bogie under the frame lateral vibration active control

In this paper, we study a multi-objective optimal design of three different frame vibration control configurations and compare their performances in improving the lateral stability of a high-speed train bogie. The existence of the time-delay in the control system and its impact on the bogie hunting stability are also investigated. The continuous time approximation method is used to approximate the time-delay system dynamics and then the root locus curves of the system before and after applying control are depicted. The analysis results show that the three control cases could improve the bogie hunting stability effectively. But the root locus of low- frequency hunting mode of bogie which determinates the system critical speed is different, thus affecting the system stability with the increasing of speed. Based on the stability analysis at different bogie dynamics parameters, the robustness of the control case (1) is the strongest. However, the case (2) is more suitable for the dynamic performance requirements of bogie. For the case (1), the time-delay over 10?ms may lead to instability of the control system which will affect the bogie hunting stability seriously. For the case (2) and (3), the increasing time-delay reduces the hunting stability gradually over the high-speed range. At a certain speed, such as 200?km/h, an appropriate time-delay is favourable to the bogie hunting stability. The mechanism is proposed according to the root locus analysis of time-delay system. At last, the nonlinear bifurcation characteristics of the bogie control system are studied by the numerical integration methods to verify the effects of these active control configurations and the delay on the bogie hunting stability.     

Optimisation of active suspension control inputs for improved performance of active safety systems

A collocation-type control variable optimisation method is used to investigate the extent to which the fully active suspension (FAS) can be applied to improve the vehicle electronic stability control (ESC) performance and reduce the braking distance. First, the optimisation approach is applied to the scenario of vehicle stabilisation during the sine-with-dwell manoeuvre. The results are used to provide insights into different FAS control mechanisms for vehicle performance improvements related to responsiveness and yaw rate error reduction indices. The FAS control performance is compared to performances of the standard ESC system, optimal active brake system and combined FAS and ESC configuration. Second, the optimisation approach is employed to the task of FAS-based braking distance reduction for straight-line vehicle motion. Here, the scenarios of uniform and longitudinally or laterally non-uniform tyre–road friction coefficient are considered. The influences of limited anti-lock braking system (ABS) actuator bandwidth and limit-cycle ABS behaviour are also analysed. The optimisation results indicate that the FAS can provide competitive stabilisation performance and improved agility when compared to the ESC system, and that it can reduce the braking distance by up to 5% for distinctively non-uniform friction conditions.     

Pivot point-based control for active rear-wheel steering in passenger vehicles

This paper presents a new application of active rear-wheel steering control to improve the lateral vehicle behaviour. In the state of the art, yaw or lateral velocity is used as control variable that means one degree of freedom being not directly controlled. A worse subjective impressions due to movements in the rear end of the vehicle during strong counter-steering are a consequence. To avoid this effect in urban surroundings, an innovative structure to control the pivot point distance of the vehicle is proposed. In this case the coupled elementary states yaw and lateral velocity can be influenced based on a higher level criteria. Analysis show that pivot point fixing provides a comprehensible reference behaviour. Solving the issue of singularity during disappearing yaw movement is the basis to design a performant modified feedforward input–output linearisation. An analytic stability analysis of the internal dynamics shows system immanent limitations which do not influence the target of improving the lateral vehicle dynamics in urban manoeuvres. Finally, the advantages of pivot-based control are highlighted by a comparison with state of the art rear axle control.     

船舶电站自动调频调载技术研究

文章介绍了一种基于改进的主导发电机法调频调载技术在船舶电站中的运用,如单机运行时如何稳定发电机的频率,在机组并联运行时如何实现按并联发电机组容量按比例分配有效负荷,重点论述了改进后的方法如何提高系统的动态调节性能。     

基于Halbach阵列作动器的柴油机低频振动传递控制

柴油机是舰艇三大噪声源中机械噪声的主要贡献者,控制柴油机传往甲板或壳体的振动意义重大。该文基于Halbach阵列研制的新型作动器用于控制柴油机的低频振动传递。首先基于MATLAB平台利用实测数据对LMS算法中的滤波器系数和步长进行优化选择,然后通过实验验证了该作动器和所设计控制器的有效性。结果表明使用低频线谱自适应控制策略以后,基座和甲板振动在控制作用频率上均得到抑制,取得7dB左右的控制效果。     

Design of electromagnetic shock absorbers for automotive suspensions

Electromechanical dampers seem to be a valid alternative to conventional shock absorbers for automotive suspensions. They are based on linear or rotative electric motors. If they are of the DC-brushless type, the shock absorber can be devised by shunting its electric terminals with a resistive load. The damping force can be modified by acting on the added resistance. To supply the required damping force without exceeding in size and weight, a mechanical or hydraulic system that amplifies the speed is required. This paper illustrates the modelling and design of such electromechanical shock absorbers. This paper is devoted to describe an integrated design procedure of the electrical and mechanical parameters with the objective of optimising the device performance. The application to a C class front suspension car has shown promising results in terms of size, weight and performance.     

基于深度可分离卷积和多级特征金字塔网络的行人检测

为提高行人检测的准确率,提出一种基于卷积神经网络的行人检测方法。该方法以YOLOv3-tiny算法为基础,在骨干网络部分,用深度可分离卷积的网络结构代替原卷积网络结构,加深网络深度。在检测部分,提出一种改进的多级特征金字塔网络,该网络由8个结构相同的使用深度可分离卷积的特征金字塔组成,特征金字塔之间串联连接,将不同金字塔得到的相同尺寸的特征进行融合,利用融合后的特征金字塔进行检测。在Caltech Pedestrian数据集上进行测试。结果表明:该方法的漏检率为57.83%,比梯度方向直方图(HOG)方法低32.53%,比基于深度学习的方法SA Fast-RCNN和MS-CNN分别低4.67%、3.21%;运行速度为34 ms/帧。因而,该方法满足了实时性要求。     

基于声振耦合理论的压电智能板结构水下声辐射控制研究(英文)

对水下结构声辐射压电控制的压电片布置问题进行了深入的理论和数值分析.首先基于声振耦合理论,对低频段声辐射板的压电传感器和作动器的布置做了定性的分析,给出了声辐射功率与结构模态比和模态积之间的关系式.其次基于有限元/边界元数值计算方法,对所提出的压电片布置方案进行了辐射声场控制的定量计算.通过计算比较可以看出,基于声振耦合理论的压电片布置方案在低频段所得到的多阶模态控制效果,优于基于振动模态应变贴片理论控制方法所得到的控制效果,可以用来进行流体加载板结构声辐射控制的设计和预测.     

两种激光制导干扰技术仿真研究

介绍了漫反射假目标有源干扰技术和转移式光纤无源干扰技术两种不同激光制导干扰技术的组成和工作原理,对比分析这两种激光制导干扰技术的技术指标。得出两种不同干扰技术的优缺点,为对激光制导武器实施更为有效的干扰提供了理论依据。