A Combined Speaker Adaptation Method for Mandarin Speech Recognition

A speaker adaptation method that combines transformation matrix linear interpolation with maximum a posteriori (MAP) was proposed. Firstly this method can keep the asymptotical characteristic of MAP. Secondly,as the method uses linear interpolation with several speaker-dependent (SD) transformation matrixes, it can fully use the prior knowledge and keep fast adaptation. The experimental results show that the combined method achieves an 8.24% word error rate reduction with only one adaptation utterance, and keeps asymptotic to the performance of SD model for large amounts of adaotation data.     

Science Needs for Sea-Level Adaptation Planning: Comparisons among Three U.S. Atlantic Coastal Regions

To identify priority information needs for sea-level rise planning, we conducted workshops in Florida, North Carolina, and Massachusetts in the summer of 2012. Attendees represented professionals from five stakeholder groups: federal and state governments, local governments, universities, businesses, and nongovernmental organizations. Over 100 people attended and 96 participated in breakout groups. Text analysis was used to organize and extract most frequently occurring content from 16 total breakout groups. The most frequent key words/phrases were identified among priority topics within five themes: analytic tools, communications, land use, ecosystem management, and economics. Diverse technical and communication tools were identified to help effectively plan for change. In many communities, planning has not formally begun. Attendees sought advanced prediction tools yet simple messaging for decision-makers facing politically challenging planning questions. High frequency key words/phrases involved fine spatial scales and temporal scales of less than 50 years. Many needs involved communications and the phrase “simple messaging” appeared with the highest frequency. There was some evidence of geographic variation among regions. North Carolina breakout groups had a higher frequency of key words/phrases involving land use. The results reflect challenges and tractable opportunities for planning beyond current, geophysically brief, time scales (e.g., election cycles and mortgage periods).     

城市复杂环境地下互通立交工程数字化应用

桥梁选型是一项包含多影响因素的系统性决策过程,为了提高桥型选择的客观性和合理性,建立了一种以全寿命周期适应性作为评价指标的桥梁选型模型,该模型以适应性评估作为目标层,以安全、适用、经济、耐久、美观、环保作为准则层。在此基础上,引入了一种主客观相结合的方法确定评价指标权重,最后对典型建设条件下几种常见中小跨径桥梁进行了适用性评估,验证了选型方法的可行性。