高中速客专和高低速客货共线铁路不同坡段组合的动力学性能之比较研究

本文运用车辆-轨道耦合动力学新理论,仿真计算了列车以不同速度匹配通过不同类型纵断面时动力学性能的各项指标,并且根据现行铁道机车车辆动力学性能评定规范加以评价。结果表明:在本文设定的不同类型纵断面条件下,如单面坡划为多坡段或凹型坡加设分坡平段或凸型坡加设分坡平段,无论是高中速客车还是高低速客货混跑,采用新设计方案计算得到的指标略大于采用原设计方案得到的相应值,但差异不明显;所有方案下,除个别指标外,安全性指标均未超过合格限值,平稳性指标属优良等级。     

铁道机车风笛声学性能试验研究

针对鸣笛噪声对铁路沿线和附近居民以及铁路工作人员带来严重干扰的问题,将JA型风笛与现有的风笛进行了对比,结合标准对JA型风笛进行了现场试验和声学性能分析,为提供既能满足险情信号的要求又能符合环保要求的设备提供了参考。     

基于船模试验数据库的快速性预报研究

充分利用已发展成熟的计算机技术，依托上海船研所的船模试验数据库，进行基于船模试验数据库的快速性预报研究．并据此开发一套快速、高效、实用的新船快速性预报系统，给传统的母型船预报法注入新的活力。最后，给出算例并对其结果进行分析对比。本系统关键是数据库的准确和丰富，预报的水平则取决于所选的母型船。     

绩效考核——员工激励的“双刃剑”

从员工绩效考核的观念认识、指标设计、结果控制和基础工作等方面,分析了目前国内组织开展员工绩效考核存在的主要问题和效果不佳的原因,论述了开展员工绩效考核的意义、作用、方法和原因,对组织开展员工绩效考核具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimation of delay variability at signalized intersections for urban arterial performance evaluation

Urban arterial performance evaluation has been broadly studied, with the major focus on average travel time estimation. However, in view of the stochastic nature of interrupted flow, the ability to capture the characteristics of travel time variability has become a critical step in determining arterial level of service (LOS). This article first presents a stochastic approach that integrates classic cumulative curves and probability theories in order to investigate delay variability at signalized intersections, as a dominant part of the link travel time variability. This serves as a basis for arterial travel time estimation, which can be obtained through a convolution of individual link travel time distributions. The proposed approach is then applied in the estimation of travel time along one arterial in Shanghai, China, with abundant automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data sources. The travel time variability is evaluated thoroughly at 30-min intervals, with promising results achieved in comparison to the field measurements. In addition, the estimated travel time distributions are utilized to illustrate the probability of multiple LOS ranges, namely, reliability LOS. The results provide insights into how we might achieve a more reliable and informative understanding of arterial performance.     

船舶压载舱沉积物接收处置现状、问题及履约管理对策

《国际船舶压载水和沉积物控制与管理国际公约(2004)》要求妥善处理和处置压载舱沉积物,以防止有害生物入侵。为研究履约现状,选取13家从事压载水沉积物清理、接收及处理作业的修船厂进行了系统调研,结果表明普遍存在防污染措施不全、接收处理作业不规范、接收设施技术标准缺失、管理要求不明确等问题。在分析压载水沉积物的来源、危害、产生量等特性的基础上,结合公约和国内要求,从标准规范完善、监管部门协作、接收设施配套、公约法规宣贯和科技研发支撑等方面分析提出了履约对策。研究成果为有关压载水沉积物相关标准规范、技术政策的制定提供参考,有助于加强压载舱沉积物防污染管理,提升国际公约履行水平。     

GRC隔离栅立柱在兰州南绕城高速公路的应用研究

兰州南绕城高速公路交通安全防护要求高,应用新型GRC隔离栅立柱能有效避免传统钢立柱和水泥立柱自重大、耐久性差、易生锈、耐候性差、易被盗等问题,本文分析了GRC立柱的原材料、性能和施工工艺,确保其应用可提高南绕城高速公路的交通安全水平。     

半柔性路面材料级配设计与性能研究

以体积法设计母体沥青混合料矿料级配,结合马歇尔、谢伦堡析漏和肯塔堡飞散试验确定混合料沥青用量。通过室内试验(车辙试验、浸水马歇尔试验)以及实验段现场性能检测(抗滑性能试验、渗水性能试验)评价其综合路用性能。结果表明,半柔性路面材料具有优良的高温稳定性、水稳定性和抗渗水性,但其抗滑性能稍显不足。     

Benefit of speed reduction for ships in different weather conditions

Currently, the shipping industry is facing a great challenge of reducing emissions. Reducing ship speeds will reduce the emissions in the immediate future with no additional infrastructure. However, a detailed investigation is required to verify the claim that a 10% speed reduction would lead to 19% fuel savings (Faber et al., 2012).This paper investigates fuel savings due to speed reduction using detailed modeling of ship performance. Three container ships, two bulk carriers, and one tanker, representative of the shipping fleet, have been designed. Voyages have been simulated by modeling calm water resistance, wave resistance, propulsion efficiency, and engine limits. Six ships have been simulated in various weather conditions at different speeds. Potential fuel savings have been estimated for a range of speed reductions in realistic weather.It is concluded that the common assumption of cubic speed-power relation can cause a significant error in the estimation of bunker consumption. Simulations in different seasons have revealed that fuel savings due to speed reduction are highly weather dependent. Therefore, a simple way to include the effect of weather in shipping transport models has been proposed.Speed reduction can lead to an increase in the number of ships to fulfill the transport demand. Therefore, the emission reduction potential of speed reduction strategy, after accounting for the additional ships, has been studied. Surprisingly, when the speed is reduced by 30%, fuel savings vary from 2% to 45% depending on ship type, size and weather conditions. Fuel savings further reduce when the auxiliary engines are considered.     

Sasowam及Sasobit改性沥青及温拌混合料温度性能对比试验研究

通过室内试验,对比分析了Sasowam及Sasobit两种改性剂对沥青的改性效果,并通过温拌混合料试验,研究了两种改性剂对混合料高温性能和低温性能的影响。