97新款“现代”（HYUNDAI）轿车自动温控式空调系统

９７新款“现代”轿车上，安装了一套自动温控式空调系统，它设计新颖，操作简单，由ＥＣＵ控制所需的温度。详细地介绍了该系统的系统的组成，以及各主要部件的功用；同时分析了该系统常见故障原因，并提出了相应的检修措施。     

Learning tracking controllers under unknown disturbances for the installation of rigid and flexible structures

During the installation operations of underwater structures, offshore structures such as semisubmersibles, the steady nonlinear hydrodynamic force due to the ocean current, the tidal current, and the hydrodynamic interaction between structures are regarded as major disturbances. Generally, it is difficult and very expensive to collect information about these disturbances in advance, although such knowledge would be important and necessary for precise installation. Because of this situation, we have proposed a learning tracking controller (LTC) for automated tracking/docking operations of offshore structures. The LTC can be operated without any information about current, and can be applied to the installation problem of flexible structures whose flexibility cannot be ignored. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the LTC, basin tests were carried out using experimental models with an unknown current. Two types of basin experiment were executed using an ultrasound ranging system and thrusters. One was trajectory tracking of a semisubmersible, and the other was the precise mating of flexible underwater structures. In both cases the LTC showed good performance, and in the latter case in particular, two flexible models were successfully made to track the given trajectory and dock to the docking targets with an accuracy of ±5 mm, after the trajectory had been tracked six to seven times for learning purposes. No elastic responses were excited in the flexible model. Received for publication on Dec. 1, 1999; accepted on March 13, 2000     

系统内可编程大规模集成电路在新型可编程控制器中设计及应用

在分析系统内可编程大规模集成电路的基本结构、编程特点以及设计技术的基础上,着重介绍了其在新型的可编程控制器中的应用技术和部分应用实例。     

船舶操纵的FARMA模型模糊控制器研究

船舶操纵是一个非线性过程,传统控制方式的操纵性能不能令人满意。本文提出了一种不依靠任何系统模型的模糊控制器设计方法。仿真结果表明了它在船舶操纵应用中切实可行,在一定程度上改善了操纵性能。     

文丘里型末端变风量阀弹簧设计探讨

文章提出了当量直径概念,根据量纲分析理论对绕圆球充动的绕流阻力公式进行了修改,从而得出文丘里型末端变风量瘩中阀芯绕流阻力与其所处位置的关系,在理论上提出了设计主等节距弹簧的方案,这对建立数学模型进行数值计算有着启发性的意义。     

Network structure,capacity growth and route hierarchies: the case of China’s air traffic system revisited

This paper examines air traffic patterns among China’s scheduled airlines in January 2006 and January 2011, using Official Airline Guide data on carrier schedules. The author classifies Chinese carriers into one of four classes. Airports are also organized into a classification scheme based on several criteria related to the total volume of traffic, the carriers serving the airports and the nature of the airports to which they are connected. Counts, sums, percentage shares and changes in these calculations between 2006 and 2011 are presented in tabular form. Inferences about the fundamental structure and future patterns of capacity growth for the yet not fully emerged Chinese air traffic system can be drawn.     

上海轨道交通12号线通风空调系统设计

通风空调系统运行能耗巨大,其设计是城市轨道交通系统总体设计中的重中之重。基于相关标准和节能减排要求,确定了上海轨道交通12号线工程通风空调系统的运行模式,并对区间隧道(含辅助线)通风系统兼排烟系统、车站车轨区排热兼排烟系统、车站公共区通风空调系统、设备管理用房通风空调系统、空调冷源及水系统的设计进行了详细阐述。     

城市轨道交通通风空调消声降噪设计要点分析

城市轨道交通的通风空调工程对环境影响评价的主要内容是风亭、冷却塔等对声环境和空气质量的影响。工程设计中应注意准确理解相关名词概念。《地铁设计规范》中明确的噪声防护距离是以常规设备为前提的,但必要时可采用低噪声设备或降噪措施来满足要求。在城市轨道交通环境评价中的噪声限值均是等效连续A声级。合成A声级采用的计算公式在首次使用前应进行验证。在背景噪声超标的情况下,应加大对风亭、冷却塔的消声降噪程度。在设计中还应充分重视冷却塔的选址以及准确识别声环境类别的重要性。     

微通道冷凝器在城市轨道交通车辆变频热泵空调上的应用

在城市轨道交通车辆变频热泵空调机组翅片管冷凝器的基础上,对微通道冷凝器的应用进行了研究。结果表明:采用微通道冷凝器,机组制冷剂充注量降低27.27%;同压缩机频率下,机组制冷量和能效比分别上升1.12%和5.73%,制热量和能效比分别下降20.46%和5.85%;微通道冷凝器结霜快而均匀,多次结、除霜后换热器边角处有积霜现象。     

天津地铁1号线车辆空调漏水原因分析与处理

当夏季地铁车辆空调系统的客室回风口出现漏水时,将会给车辆运营造成一定的影响.分析了天津地铁1号线车辆空调在2008年夏季客室回风口漏水原因及其解决方法.应在空调机组的设计生产阶段对其结构予以改进.