The use of demand correlation in the modeling of air carrier departure delays as first‐order autoregressive random processes

A method for modeling air carrier departure delays at commercial‐service airports as autoregressive random processes is presented. This method employs the correlation of a priori demand data to significantly reduce prediction error in the optimal least‐squares estimator for additive white noise. The reduction factor of the prediction error is demonstrated to be on the order of 10² over that of the unbiased estimator. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

法兰克福机场航空性收费研究

文章分析了法兰克福机场起降费、旅客服务费、安保费、停场费等航空性收费的收费标准,以北京至法兰克福航线为例介绍了各项收费的计算方法,分析表明北京至法兰克福航线的航班在1：45~15：44时间段内起飞,能够最大限度的降低在法兰克福机场的噪音费。     

高等级道路通过机场飞行区的设计要求

高等级道路通过机场飞行区时,需根据无线电导航设施及其保护区范围、按照机场净空要求、考虑道路灯光对地面航空灯的影响,同时结合道路本身线形设计要求来确定最终道路线位方案。该文介绍了机场无线电导航设施及其保护区范围内场地要求,同时以南五环路穿过南苑机场无线电导航设施保护区的线位选择为例,详细介绍在满足机场要求的前提下,南五环路在通过机场飞行区范围内合理调整线位,使五环路通过机场飞行区时,满足飞行区技术标准。     

Demand for rail travel to and from airports

Rail access to airports is becoming increasingly important for both train operators and the airports themselves. This paper reports analysis of inter-urban rail demand to and from Manchester and Stansted Airports and the sensitivity of this market segment to growth in air traffic and the cost and service quality of rail services. The estimated demand parameters vary in an expected manner between outward and inward air travellers as well as between airport users and general rail travellers. These parameters can be entered into the demand forecasting framework widely used in the rail industry in Great Britain to provide an appropriate means of forecasting for this otherwise neglected market segment. The novel features of this research, at least in the British context, are that it provides the first detailed analysis of aggregate rail flows to and from airports, it has disaggregated the traditional generalised time measure of rail service quality in order to estimate separate elasticities to journey time, service headway and interchange, and it has successfully explored departures from the conventional constant elasticity position.     

隧道下穿运营机场跑道的爆破振动安全判据研究

以我国第一座采用钻爆法下穿运营机场跑道的隧道恩施金凤大道许家坪隧道工程为依托,开展对机场跑道的爆破动力安全判据的研究。首先基于应力波传播理论及极限拉应力准则,对爆炸应力波传播至机场跑道上表面(即自由面)处发生的反射进行理论分析,建立基于混凝土跑道结构安全的爆破振动速度判据模型,并提出跑道的爆破振动速度安全阈值;同时,基于数值模拟,从统计角度建立拉应力峰值与质点振动速度峰值之间的函数关系,求解得到机场跑道的爆破振动速度安全阈值。最后,将理论分析结果、数值计算分析与《爆破安全规程》进行对比分析,最终确定机场跑道的爆破振动速度安全判据,为在隧道下穿机场跑道爆破施工提供了依据。     

Transportation agencies experiences with decision support systems for airport ground access planning

This article reports on a field investigation into the ways that transportation agencies use quantitative and qualitative information for making strategic decisions regarding airport ground access. The study analyzes the value of this information for planning airport ground access improvements at seven major international airport sites.The major finding of the research is that quantitative modeling for strategic decision support is very difficult, costly and time consuming. Modelers are confident that the models are accurate and reliable but executives generally lack confidence in the results. Transportation officials believe that the information supplied is flawed by a number of defects that minimize its value for strategic decision makers. The information defects described in this article provide an analysis of the structural difficulty of using quantitative modeling for transportation problems of strategic importance. To date, qualitative information is not frequently used, but some transportation agencies are considering its application to designing transportation services. Although this study is limited to airport ground access, the authors feel that this evidence, in conjunction with the evidence from other studies in the transportation area, dictates a need for wariness in the development of decision support systems for transportation planners. Developers of decision support systems for transportation planners must be aware of modeling costs and defects and consider how to improve the timeliness, relevance and credibility of information quantitative models provide transportation executives. Fundamentally it is important to recognize that decision makers tend, either singularly or in concert with other individuals or groups, to be the champions of a long-term vision for the community. When modeling produces inconsistent or wide ranging results that contradict their position, decision makers may not only discard modeling activities, but lose confidence in the models altogether. As a consequence, transportation planners are faced with the challenge of how to improve quantitative modeling. The most reliable and effective means for improvement is incorporation of qualitative techniques which provide greater understanding of customer perceptions and human behavior.     

盐渍土机场地基处理研究

概述盐渍土的工程危害，得出道面下水盐运动所导致的盐分、水分迁移是造成盐渍土地区机场的迅速破坏的原因，并对盐渍土地区机场与公路差异进行了比较，在总结目前常用的处理方法的基础上，结合机场特殊性探讨了适合机场的处理办法。     

自发热技术在机场道面融雪化冰中的应用研究

目前对机场道面降雪结冰所采用的融雪化冰方法都存在一定缺点,很有必要寻求一种新的融雪化冰方法。自发热技术融雪化冰方法就是将导电体铺装在沥青混凝土中,利用导电体通电发热提高道面表面温度,使其高于冰点温度来实现对机场道面融雪化冰的目的。自发热技术融雪化冰方法效率高,效果好,且为绿色环保技术,具有广阔的应用前景。     

机场水泥混凝土道面施工质量控制技术

针对机场水泥混凝土道面施工中容易出现掉边掉角、表面网状或环状裂纹、板体断裂和蜂窝麻面等质量通病,根据大面积混凝土铺筑施工的特点和环境因素,综合分析其质量通病产生的原因,并提出相应的施工控制措施,在实践中取得了明显效果,可供水泥混凝土道面施工参考。     

机场道面沥青混凝土加铺层防反结构分析

通过建立沥青混凝土加铺层结构有限元模型,分析了飞机偏荷载作用下加铺层厚度和增设土工合成材料对加铺层结构响应的影响,明确了这两种措施对延缓荷载型反射裂缝的作用。