试论社会主义新农村的基础架构

社会主义新农村建设是一项系统工程，一个有机联动的架构。通过对架构的解析，论证经济发展是新农村建设整个架构的核心，生态环境架构、社会文化组织架构、制度环境架构是经济发展架构得以顺利实现的保障。社会主义新农村建设重点在于寻求以经济发展为核心的各架构搭配的黄金分割点。     

用序批式活性污泥法处理化学品船洗舱污水的研究

序批式活性污泥法，即ＳＢＲ法，随着其反应器控制系统的完善越来越受到人们的重视。通过实验研究了解该反应器的特性。实验分驯化污泥、增加负荷、确定运行周期等３个阶段。首先通过驯化污泥明确化学品船洗舱污水的可生化降解性；增强负荷是为了解装置的处理能力；而确定运行周期是针对该污水寻找一合适的处理周期。本实验结论如下：１）使用ＳＢＲ法处理化学品船洗舱污水切实可行；２）实验中出现污水膨胀现象可采取措施控制；３）使用该装置产生的污泥量少，处理费用低。     

卫星侦察通信环境仿真技术研究

在分析卫星侦察通信环境的基础上，开发了卫星侦察通信环境仿真系统，给出了环境仿真软件流程，并分析了软件实现的关键技术。该系统能够模拟卫星侦察完全截获状态下的常规通信环境，为卫星侦察通信信号的研究提供了环境平台。     

Geochemical impacts of waste disposal on the abyssal seafloor

The response of pore water oxygen, nitrate, sulfate, sulfide, ammonium and methane and particulate organic carbon distributions to the input of 8.5 million m³ (3.8×10¹² g) of organic-rich waste materials is simulated. The deposit is assumed to be conical with a maximum thickness of approximately 20 m. Remineralization reactions within the deposit rapidly deplete any initially available pore water oxidants such as oxygen, nitrate and sulfate, and are subsequently dominated by fermentation reactions. Diffusion downward of reduced metabolites, sulfide, ammonium and methane, depletes the available oxidants in the pore waters below the waste pile, increasing the thickness of the anoxic layer. While the impacted region is limited to essentially the deposition site, recovery of the pore waters is estimated to be >10⁴ years. The overall computational results are corroborated by the pore water distributions observed at turbidite boundaries. Numerous uncertainties in the parameterizations limit the overall accuracy of the calculations presented. The most significant of these are: (1) A quantitatively accurate assessment of the remineralization rate of the deposited organic matter including its rate of inoculation by abyssal microorganisms; (2) a detailed assessment of potential non-diffusive pore water transport processes including advection due to compaction and buoyancy-driven flows and enhanced exchange due to macrobenthic irrigation activities and (3) an assessment of the potential alteration of pore space and methane reactivity due to gas hydrate formation.     

论防治船舶污染海洋环境

从船舶污染海洋的角度,分析了船舶造成海洋污染的种类及原因,提出了构建法律体系、建立反应机制、增强环保意识、完善接受设备、加强监管鉴定等措施防止船舶污染海洋环境。     

我国中小城市摩托车的发展方向

以江西省吉安市为例,根据吉安市2004年交通调查的数据,对中小城市摩托车的现状、由其带来的安全、环境、交通问题以及摩托车的发展方向进行了研究,并对摩托车的合理发展和管理提出了具体建议。     

基于工作过程的项目课程教学实践与探索

基于工作过程的项目课程从学生就业的岗位出发,通过典型工作任务分析,形成综合能力领域,再遵循人类认知的规律和职业成长过程转换成系列项目课程。项目课程模糊了理论教学与实践教学的界限,在对学员进行专业知识与技能的培训外,更加注重学生组织、交往、合作、自主学习、独立思考等关键能力的培养,激发了教师教学和学生学习的积极性。文章对基于工作过程的项目课程的开发、建设、实施进行了探索。     

大型地下车站基坑施工对周边环境的影响分析

广深港客运专线深圳福田站为我国第一座大型的客运专线地下车站。为确保车站基坑施工过程中周边建筑物的安全,就基坑施工对周边构筑物的影响进行了深入分析。探讨了硬化模型(HS模型)和莫尔库伦模型(MC模型)土体本构关系对基坑数值模拟的适应性。在考虑风载的不利因素作用下,分析了车站基坑施工对距离基坑只有12 m的香格里拉酒店的影响,为今后工程的设计与施工和周边建筑物的安全控制提供了参考依据。     

桥梁与建筑的结合——“栖居式桥梁”的历史发展和特征研究

栖居式桥梁以桥梁与建筑相结合,赋予桥多种功能空间,促使人们在其上驻留,这与现代大量的为快速交通服务的桥梁形成了鲜明对比。通过追溯栖居式桥梁的历史发展,解析其区别于现代桥梁的特征,如主要为人使用,提供惬意逗留的场所,与城市有机融合等,进而总结栖居式桥梁对现代桥梁设计的有益启示,指出当代桥梁建设应在满足人行需求、复合多样驻留功能、塑造观水开放空间、与环境相融合等方面得到进一步提高。     

Curbing automobile use for sustainable transportation: analysis of mode choice on short home-based trips

This paper analyzes transportation mode choice for short home-based trips using a 1999 activity survey from the Puget Sound region of Washington State, U.S.A. Short trips are defined as those within the 95th percentile walking distance in the data, here 1.40 miles (2.25 km). The mean walking distance was 0.4 miles (0.6 km). The mode distribution was automobile (75%), walk (23%), bicycle (1%), and bus (1%). Walk and bicycle are found less likely as the individual’s age increases. People are more likely to drive if they can or are accustomed to. People in multi-person families are less likely to walk or use bus, especially families with children. An environment that attracts people’s interest and provides activity opportunities encourages people to walk on short trips. Influencing people’s choice of transport mode on short trips should be an important part of efforts encouraging the use of non-automobile alternatives.