半挂汽车列车高速紧急避障稳定性控制研究

分析了半挂汽车列车转向的特点,对其稳定性控制原理进行了研究,包括横摆角速度跟踪控制和防倾覆控制.在此基础上,建立了半挂汽车列车多体动力学模型,采用虚拟样机技术,对横摆角速度跟踪控制和防倾覆控制进行运动学与动力学仿真.结果表明,装用车辆动态控制系统后,提高了半挂汽车列车高速紧急避障时的操纵稳定性,因而,其避障行驶的极限条件大大宽松.     

城市轨道交通车辆转向架柔性构架研究

针对转向架柔性构架技术进行了专题研究,分析了实现构架柔性的不同方式。提出了一种弹性铰接式双“T”型柔性构架方案,其扭曲刚度可低至0.03 k N/mm。采用Abaqus软件分析了电机悬挂方式和抗侧滚扭杆装置对柔性构架的干涉。仿真分析表明,基于双“T”型柔性构架平台的永磁直驱电机弹性悬挂,优选三点架悬方式;为降低抗侧滚扭杆装置对构架柔性的影响,抗侧滚扭杆装置的安装位置应尽量靠近构架纵向中心位置。     

Enhancing roll stability of heavy vehicle by LQR active anti-roll bar control using electronic servo-valve hydraulic actuators

Rollover of heavy vehicle is an important road safety problem world-wide. Although rollovers are relatively rare events, they are usually deadly accidents when they occur. The roll stability loss is the main cause of rollover accidents in which heavy vehicles are involved. In order to improve the roll stability, most of modern heavy vehicles are equipped with passive anti-roll bars to reduce roll motion during cornering or riding on uneven roads. However these may be not sufficient to overcome critical situations. This paper introduces the active anti-roll bars made of four electronic servo-valve hydraulic actuators, which are modelled and integrated in a yaw-roll model of a single unit heavy vehicle. The control signal is the current entering the electronic servo-valve and the output is the force generated by the hydraulic actuator. The active control design is achieved solving a linear optimal control problem based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) approach. A comparison of several LQR controllers is provided to allow for tackling the considered multi-objective problems. Simulation results in frequency and time domains show that the use of two active anti-roll bars (front and rear axles) drastically improves the roll stability of the single unit heavy vehicle compared with the passive anti-roll bar.     

客车转向架抗侧滚扭杆装置特性分析

阐述了客车转向架安装抗侧滚扭杆装置的必要性 ,介绍了抗侧滚扭杆装置的结构和功能 ,建立了抗侧滚扭杆装置的力学模型 ,分析和计算了该装置对倾覆系数、柔度系数等性能参数的影响     

Application of a self-tuning fuzzy PI–PD controller in an active anti-roll bar system for a passenger car

A fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller has not been widely investigated for active anti-roll bar (AARB) application due to its unspecific mathematical analysis and the derivative kick problem. This paper briefly explains how the derivative kick problem arises due to the nature of the PID controller as well as the conventional fuzzy PID controller in association with an AARB. There are two types of controllers proposed in this paper: self-tuning fuzzy proportional-integral–proportional-derivative (STF PI–PD) and PI–PD-type fuzzy controller. Literature reveals that the PI–PD configuration can avoid the derivative kick, unlike the standard PID configuration used in fuzzy PID controllers. STF PI–PD is a new controller proposed and presented in this paper, while the PI–PD-type fuzzy controller was developed by other researchers for robotics and automation applications. Some modifications were made on these controllers in order to make them work with an AARB system. The performances of these controllers were evaluated through a series of handling tests using a full car model simulated in MATLAB Simulink. The simulation results were compared with the performance of a passive anti-roll bar and the conventional fuzzy PID controller in order to show improvements and practicality of the proposed controllers. Roll angle signal was used as input for all the controllers. It is found that the STF PI–PD controller is able to suppress the derivative kick problem but could not reduce the roll motion as much as the conventional fuzzy PID would. However, the PI–PD-type fuzzy controller outperforms the rest by improving ride and handling of a simulated passenger car significantly.     

抗侧滚扭杆对轨道车辆抗侧滚性能的影响研究

抗侧滚扭杆主要用来增加车辆的抗侧滚刚度。文章建立车辆的抗侧滚动力学模型,介绍车辆抗侧滚性能的评判方法,并着重分析和计算了扭杆对车辆侧滚角度、柔性系数、倾覆系数、浮心高度的影响。     

减摇装置及效能

当前最有效的减摇装置为减摇鳍及减摇水舱。本文结合具体船型介绍了这两种装置的选型依据及减摇效能估算方法。     

平面被动减摇水舱影响特性研究

本文采用势流理论和基于RANS方程的粘流理论相结合的计算方法,对影响某深水海工作业船平面被动减摇水舱减摇率的相关特性进行了研究。文中主要针对减摇水舱装载率、船舶GM值和波浪条件几方面开展系列计算和对比分析,探讨了各参数的影响特性和机理。本文研究可为今后此类船舶的设计和作业提供一定参考。     

兼具馈能与主动抗侧倾功能的电控液压悬架系统设计与研究

为解决特种车辆或载重车辆在极端工况下易侧翻的问题,提出了一种兼具馈能与主动抗侧倾功能的电控液压悬架系统。对该悬架系统的主动抗侧倾模式和馈能模式进行了功能原理设计与分析;针对主动抗侧倾模式与馈能模式,构建了电液悬架系统仿真模型;设计了电液悬架系统主动抗侧倾模糊PID控制策略和侧倾力矩分配方案,以及执行机构逻辑门限值控制策略,并基于Matlab/Simulink、TruckSim和AMESim仿真软件,搭建了电液悬架系统主动抗侧倾控制策略联合仿真平台;对装配有电液悬架系统的车辆模型在极限工况下的抗侧倾性能进行仿真分析,并对车辆在随机路面激励输入下的馈能特性进行仿真分析。结果表明,装配该电液悬架的特种车辆具备较强的防侧翻能力,并具有较好的悬架运动能量回收潜力。     

Control of semi-active anti-roll systems on heavy vehicles

Semi-active anti-roll systems, with a high and low roll stiffness, or, since cornering is typically a transient event, damping setting have the capacity to improve heavy vehicle stability while having very low power consumption. If a vehicle is travelling around a right-hand bend and a low roll damping setting is selected, the vehicle will roll outwards. If a high damping setting is then selected, the outward roll will be locked-in. When the vehicle enters a left-hand bend, the inward roll becomes locked-in. This has the potential to increase critical lateral acceleration by up to 12.5% if the vehicle's future course can be predicted accurately (e.g. with a Global Positioning System). However, if the vehicle does not follow the expected path, the critical lateral acceleration may be degraded. Exploiting the delay between a steer angle being applied and the lateral acceleration developing could avoid this problem. However, the benefits from such a system are considerably lower, up to a 2.4% improvement in critical lateral acceleration. Hence, a ‘modal control strategy’ is developed aimed at providing high levels of benefit while being robust to deviations from the expected path. The modal strategy is able to provide benefits of up to 11%, while being robust to most deviations.