考虑客流时变需求的大小交路列车时刻表优化模型

以城市轨道交通放射线为研究对象,考虑客流时变需求和高峰期乘客滞留现象,以乘客等待时间、列车运行时间和车辆走行公里最小为目标,以发车间隔、列车满载率及其均衡性、发车比例为约束,构建了城市轨道交通大小交路列车时刻表优化模型.运用离散事件系统建模方法,建立基于乘客活动和列车运行过程的动态仿真模型,并将其与遗传算法相结合,提出了计算机仿真的遗传算法进行求解.算例结果表明,优化后的时刻表可以使运力与客流需求更加匹配,有效降低了高峰期乘客拥挤程度,并提高了各次列车满载率的均衡性.在企业运营成本相等的情况下,优化后的乘客等待时间减少了1 266.2 h,降幅达16.5%.     

基于交路单元的高速铁路乘务交路编制模型与算法

为了解决高速铁路列车乘务计划编制过程中的乘务交路自动化生成问题,从工作实际的角度出发,首先提出以交路单元作为列车乘务交路编制基本单位的方法,在此基础上建立以最小费用为目标的乘务交路编制优化模型,在该模型中对异车体换乘的接续时间进行区分。然后,针对该模型特点,对基于贪婪思想的启发式算法进行求解。最后,以京津城际铁路北京南站至天津站间的列车数据对该算法进行了验证。计算结果表明,用该方法编制的最小费用乘务交路在值乘时长和换乘次数方面能够体现出较好的均衡性。     

基于改进粒子群算法的车辆路径问题研究

针对标准粒子群算法在解决多维复杂优化问题中存在的“早熟”现象,以及算法后期出现的搜索精度下降、收敛速度降低等不足,对算法做出改进：引入微生物行为机制中的趋化、繁殖、迁移算子。最后,通过实例验证对比,表明改进粒子群算法在搜索效率和解的质量方面均优于遗传算法和基本粒子群算法。     

城市轨道列车在中间站折返时的通过能力适应性分析

对城市轨道交通列车交路方案及选用时考虑的因素进行了分析,提出通过能力是否适应是采用特殊交路方案的充分条件。重点对采用特殊交路时的中间站折返能力与线路通过能力损失问题进行了定量分析,提出了在采用特殊交路时可供采取的扩能措施。     

考虑多路径选择的定制电动公交线路优化

为提高定制电动公交系统运营效率,本文探讨了考虑多路径选择的定制电动公交线路优化问题.首先,构建描述该问题的混合整数规划模型,以实现线路与路径的双重决策优化.模型以运营总收益最大化为目标,在约束中考虑定制电动公交特性,如车容量,乘客出行时间窗,续航里程,访问站点数等.其次,为求解模型,设计新的自适应大邻域搜索算法,提出相...     

Resource Partitioning and Routing Optimization in Relay Enhanced Cellular Network

A joint routing and resource partitioning scheme were proposed to improve cell capacity and user throughput of cellular network enhanced with two-hop fixed relay nodes (FRNs). Radio resources are partitioned under a reuse partitioning based framework, which guarantees effective and efficient inter-cell interference management. At the same time, each mobile terminal was assigned a channel-dependent route by the routing controller, which tries to maximize the cell capacity under the constraint imposed by reuse partitioning. Intensive computer simulations demonstrate the performance superiority of the FRN enhanced cellular network employing this scheme in comparison with conventional network, as well as the validity of the channel-dependent routing mechanism.     

求解带软时间窗的开放式车辆路径问题的遗传算法

通过应用交叉、变异概率的自适应机制和交叉算子A等技术,构造了一个求解带软时间窗的开放式车辆路径问题的遗传算法。用标准测试算例对算法进行测试,并将运算结果与文献中相关算法的运算结果相比较。结果表明,该算法具有较好的性能。     

A reinforcement learning framework for the adaptive routing problem in stochastic time-dependent network

Most previous work in addressing the adaptive routing problem in stochastic and time-dependent (STD) network has been focusing on developing parametric models to reflect the network dynamics and designing efficient algorithms to solve these models. However, strong assumptions need to be made in the models and some algorithms also suffer from the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we examine the application of Reinforcement Learning as a non-parametric model-free method to solve the problem. Both the online Q learning method for discrete state space and the offline fitted Q iteration algorithm for continuous state space are discussed. With a small case study on a mid-sized network, we demonstrate the significant advantages of using Reinforcement Learning to solve for the optimal routing policy over traditional stochastic dynamic programming method. And the fitted Q iteration algorithm combined with tree-based function approximation is shown to outperform other methods especially during peak demand periods.     

Controlling road congestion via a low-complexity route reservation approach

This work introduces a novel route reservation architecture to manage road traffic within an urban area. The developed routing architecture decomposes the road infrastructure into slots in the spatial and temporal domains and for every vehicle, it makes the appropriate route reservations to avoid traffic congestion while minimizing the traveling time. Under this architecture, any road segment is admissible to be traversed only during time-slots when the accumulated reservations do not exceed its critical density. A road-side unit keeps track of all reservations which are subsequently used to solve the routing problem for each vehicle. Through this routing mechanism, vehicles can either be delayed at their origin or are routed through longer but non-congested routes such that their traveling time is minimized. In this work, the proposed architecture is presented and the resulting route reservation problem is mathematically formulated. Through a complexity analysis of the routing problem, it is shown that for certain cases, the problem reduces to an NP-complete problem. A heuristic solution to the problem is also proposed and is used to conduct realistic simulations across a particular region of the San Francisco area, demonstrating the promising gains of the proposed solution to alleviate traffic congestion.