趸船自动平衡系统

在水位落差大的区域,浮码头活动钢引桥会在趸船上长距离移动而引起趸船不同程度横倾。针对这一问题,对趸船平衡进行了研究。采用力学基本原理,介绍一种全新的趸船自动平衡系统,分析了3种不同工况条件下趸船平衡的基本受力原理、趸船自动平衡系统的设计方法以及配重的计算选取原则,并结合工程实例介绍了该系统自动平衡支座及其轨道的设计方法、位置布置原则等若干实际应用中应当注意的问题。     

沙溪口水电站船闸下引航道口门区通航水流条件研究

船闸引航道口门区水流条件的好坏直接关系到船舶进出船闸的安全。针对沙溪口水电站船闸引航道口门区水流条件差、水深不足、横流较大等问题,建立电站河段整体物理模型,并结合船模航行试验,对船闸下引航道口门区通航水流条件进行试验研究,并提出优化工程方案。优化方案2试验表明:通过筑坝、新建明渠和底部透空式隔流堤工程,下引航道口门区通航水流条件得到明显改善,通航水流条件基本满足规范要求。船模航行试验验证船舶可以安全平稳地通过口门区,且船舶操纵参数均在要求范围以内。     

大开口深拖母船全船强度有限元分析

某深拖母船为实现作业功能,在船舯位置设有上下贯通的大开口结构,该结构特性会严重削弱目标船的总纵强度和弯扭强度,因此在针对该开口区域进行详细设计后,还有必要采用全船结构有限元分析方法来评估结构强度和变形水平。通过设计波法得到波浪载荷,计算全船在各种工况下结构的应力、变形结果,总结出该船型的受力特点,并结合全船结构强度直接计算结果,选取的典型节点进行疲劳强度评估,得到各个典型节点的疲劳寿命。计算结果对目标船的结构优化具有参考意义。     

三峡汛期日调节对通航影响及改善措施

试验研究了三峡工程运行至50+4a和70+6a汛期电站日调节非恒定流对上游引航道口门区水流条件的影响。结果表明,通航水流条件主要控制因素为口门区的横流、船闸前的波高,在日调节过程中所要求的日调节流量下,均难以满足通航水流标准要求。对此,提出了改善引航道口门区通航水流条件的几种不同措施。     

连续窄弯河段通航建筑物平面布置

依托湖南华容河旗杆咀船闸改建工程,采用数值模拟与通航船舶操纵模拟器相结合的研究方法,对船闸布置于连续窄弯河段凹岸,上、下游引航道均处于曲率半径较小的弯曲段的通航建筑物平面布置进行研究,并提出改善通航条件的方法及平面布置需要注意的事项,供类似工程参考。     

基于能量法的组合梁桥拥堵车辆怠速振动所致疲劳损伤评估

针对拥堵车辆怠速振动造成的城市桥梁疲劳失效风险,利用ABAQUS建立车辆拥堵荷载作用下的车-桥耦合有限元模型,通过动力响应分析和应力循环计数,采用能量法以总应变能密度为损伤参量,计算4种拥堵工况下城市组合梁桥钢箱构造细节的疲劳累积损伤,并通过与规范标准疲劳车畅通运行状态时的损伤对比,综合评估车辆拥堵对城市组合箱梁桥疲劳...     

船闸口门区泄水波风浪波高与船舶横摇

在有关标准规范中对船闸引航道口门区的通航水流条件提出了限值,但有的仅提出了设计原则。为此,收集枢纽泄洪中泄水波对船舶(队)缆绳安全系数的原型观测资料,提出了泄水波波高的建议值;在《内河航区分级规范》提出的不同航区风浪波高范围的基础上,对波高引起船舶摇摆的安全进行初步分析,以供讨论。     

基于多学科设计优化的深海空间站总体设计方法研究

系统地回顾了兴起于航空航天领域的多学科设计优化方法,重点介绍了分布式多学科设计方法的求解思路、算法特点及最新研究动态;结合深海空间站总体设计的特点,讨论了多学科设计方法在深海空间站设计中的应用前景.     

基于波传播方法的水下阻尼复合圆柱壳声辐射分析

采用波传播分析方法,以复模量形式计及粘弹性阻尼的损耗因子,讨论了外部敷设粘弹性自由阻尼材料的无限长圆柱壳在流场中的辐射声功率.结果表明,粘弹性阻尼层可以有效降低结构的辐射声功率,具有较好的隔振效果,可为潜艇结构和水下各种管道的减振降噪设计提供理论参考.     

A comparative analysis of traditional four-step and activity-based travel demand modeling: a case study of Tampa,Florida

Activity-based travel demand modeling (ABTDM) has often been viewed as an advanced approach, due to its higher fidelity and better policy sensitivity. However, a review of the literature indicates that no study has been undertaken to investigate quantitatively the differences and accuracy between an ABTDM approach and a traditional four-step travel demand model. In this paper we provide a comparative analysis against each step – trip generation, trip distribution, mode split, and network assignment – between an ABTDM developed using travel diary data from the Tampa Bay Region in Florida and the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Model (TBRPM), an existing traditional four-step model for the same area. Results show salient differences between the TBRPM and the ABTDM, in terms of modeling performance and accuracy, in each of the four steps. For example, trip production rates calculated from the travel diary data are found to be either double or a quarter less than those used in the TBRPM. On the other hand, trip attraction rates computed from activity-based travel simulations are found to be either more than double or one tenth less than those used in the TBRPM. The trip distribution curves from the two models are similar, but both average and peak trip lengths of the two are significantly different. Mode split analyses show that the TBRPM may underestimate driving trips and fail to capture any usage of alternative modes, such as taxi and nonmotorized (e.g., walking and bicycling) modes. In addition, the ABTDMs are found to be less capable of reproducing observed traffic counts when compared to the TBRPM, most likely due to not considering external and through trips. The comparative results presented can help transportation engineers and planners better understand the strengths and weaknesses of the two types of model and this should assist decision-makers in choosing a better modeling tool for their planning initiatives.