160 km/h低地板动车组铰接转向架研制

国内首次成功自主研发动力分散型低地板动车组铰接转向架.介绍了铰接转向架设计结构,构架、车轮及车轴等关键承载零部件强度分析及台架试验,以及动力学性能仿真分析和实际线路试验情况.结果 表明,转向架关键承载零部件静强度、疲劳强度和动车组相关动力学性能指标满足合同规定的限值要求.     

BIM技术在航道建设中的作用

航道工程具有施工工期长、施工影响因素多等特点。在航道工程的设计、施工、维护的各个阶段,随着对精细化管理的需求日趋提高,传统的实施方法已不能满足工程的强度与精度要求。从航道工程和BIM的特性入手,探讨了BIM技术在航道工程设计、施工、维护等各阶段的应用。在保证设计合理性的前提下,可通过BIM模型完成设计意图的表达与传递,从而保证航道工程的施工质量,以及后续维护阶段航道整治建筑物安全、稳定地发挥其作用。     

基于差动制动的单拖挂汽车列车道路跟踪控制

对汽车列车的运动特点进行了研究,建立了考虑铰接角的单拖挂汽车列车驾驶员模型;对挂车制动时车辆运动状态的变化进行了分析,设计了基于差动控制的道路跟踪控制器,建立了基于Simulink和Trucksim的联合仿真模型,验证了双移线工况下模型的路径跟随性和行驶稳定性.结果表明:基于差动制动的单拖挂汽车列车道路跟踪控制器,与单...     

接触网关节式电分相过电压的研究

关节式电分相是一种适应机车高速运行的新型电分相装置,能消除器件式电分相存在硬点大的问题,目前世界上大多数国家的高速电气化铁路均采用了关节式电分相．本文介绍了七跨式锚段关节电分相,分析了过电压的原因,计算了中性线过电压并进行了仿真,最后研究了一种过电压的保护方案．     

6181S02铰接客车铰接部分安装及工艺要求

介绍黄海客车6181S02所用伊卡露斯铰盘及其液压控制系统的安装及工艺要求。     

铰接式客车最小转弯半径和通道宽度的计算

分析铰接式客车和非铰接式客车转弯时的不同,并推导铰接式大客车转弯半径、通道宽度及主、副车之间夹角的计算方法。     

On the sway stability improvement of car–caravan systems by articulated connections

The present analysis is addressed to some promising connection arrangements between the towing vehicles and the towed trailers, where the two units are linked by four-bar isosceles trapeziums in place of the conventional pintle hitch. Two types of instability, of the divergent type or the oscillating type, may be analysed by the Routh–Hurwitz criterion or by the direct analysis of the characteristic equation. The constant term of this equation vanishes at the divergent instability threshold (zero of a real root), whereas the equation splits into two lower degree algebraic ‘sub-equations’ when the oscillating instability arises (pair of pure imaginary roots). A large field of geometrical configurations of the four-bar linkage may be quickly tested by numerical search procedures, including those where the sidebars of the linkage converge towards the inside of the drawing car and shift the relative centre of rotation forward, and those converging backward towards the trailer. Maps of the critical velocity as a function of the geometrical or physical parameters may be easily traced. They clearly show the favourable influence of the forward four-bar connection in general and the benefits achievable comparing with the conventional coupling. Actually, it is conceivable to increase the critical speed by optimising the four-bar design depending on the weight distribution on the axles and on the other geometrical and physical properties. Moreover, this type of connection may produce significant corrections to the under-steering or over-steering conduct of the articulated vehicle. The off-tracking and the manoeuvrability along curved paths are also studied, showing the benefits or the drawbacks of the four-bar linkage for the various configurations.     

Design and validation of a robust active trailer steering system for multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicles

ABSTRACT

Multi-trailer articulated heavy vehicles (MTAHVs) are increasingly used around the world due to their economic and environmental benefits. However, MTAHVs exhibit poor maneuverability and low lateral stability, which may lead to fatal traffic accidents. Given the safety risks, it is necessary to solve the steering and stability problems of MTAHVs before they are safely mass deployed on our roads. To this end, active trailer steering (ATS) based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) technique has been explored. The LQR-based ATS demonstrates improved maneuverability and enhanced lateral stability. In the ATS design, the vehicle and operating parameters are assumed constant. Thus, it is natural to question the robustness of the ATS in presence of vehicle and operating parameter uncertainties. To address the problem, this paper proposes a robust ATS system. The robust ATS controller is designed using a linear matrix inequality (LMI) based LQR method. In the design, both vehicle and steering actuator parameter uncertainties are considered; to enhance the robustness of the ATS, the weighting matrices of the proposed controller are optimized. The robust controller is applied to an A-Train Double, one type of MTAHV. The effectiveness of the robust ATS is demonstrated using numerical and hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulations.     

大型后驱铰接式系列客车底盘的研究和开发

介绍大型后驱铰接式客车底盘的设计特点，并着重分析了车辆的轴荷分配对铰接车甩尾、侧滑的影响．另外，对德国虎伯拉HNGK19．5和匈牙利伊卡鲁斯IK19I两种主流铰接盘的链接方式和应用特点进行了对比分析。     

针对铰接工程车辆的变角度全景环视系统研究

针对铰接工程车辆车头与车厢间存在铰接角度且车身长导致的视觉盲区大的问题，提出了一种可以根据铰接角度实时调整拼接图像的变角度全景环视系统。对于静态俯视图像的生成，提出一种用于将畸变图像转换为俯视图像并对齐到指定位置的查找表快速映射方法，实现了通过一步变换完成鱼眼校正、逆透视变换与图像配准，提升了静态俯视图像生成的速率。对于动态全景环视图像的生成，提出了一种根据铰接角度改变后对应的动态查找表直接生成变角度全景环视图像的方法，提升了角度改变时图像重新配准的速率。对于全景环视图像的融合，提出了一种循环颜色调整和透明度融合相结合的方法，从而对整幅变角度全景环视图像进行均衡化处理并降低拼接缝带来的图像损失。试验结果表明：在同样的硬件平台下，对于静态俯视图像的生成，该系统不仅将运行速度提升了接近1倍，并且有效减少了图像的失真程度；在图像融合方面，该系统不仅获得了较好的融合效果，并且保证了运行的实时性；通过实车验证，该系统可以生成全局均衡且无缝的变角度全景环视图像并在嵌入式处理器上实现了接近30 帧·s^-1的处理速度；该系统实时生成的变角度全景环视图像可以有效消除铰接工程车辆周围的视觉盲区，从而提升铰接工程车辆行驶的安全性和便捷性。