改进的BP神经网络在船舶与海洋工程中的应用研究

人工神经网络作为一个具有高度非线性映射能力的计算模型,在工程中具有广泛的应用前景.在数值预测方面,它不需要预选确定样本的数学模型,仅通过学习样本数据即可以进行预测.文章介绍了BP神经网络,并针对实际应用中收敛速度慢,平台效应等问题对网络进行了改进并优化,详尽地给出了改进的三层BP神经网络数值预测算法.为测试该算法.选用了著名的XOR(异或)问题和和一个高度非线性的0-1矩阵预测问题对其进行了验证.计算结果表明文中算法能给出令人满意的精度.最后结合船舶与海洋工程的两个实际问题,探讨了利用改进的BP神经网络进行数值预测的方法和应该注意的问题,并给出了一些有益的建议.实践表明,文中给出的改进的BP神经网络数值预测算法值得在船舶与海洋工程中加以应用并推广.     

E2地震作用下减隔振桥梁的抗震设计

以某减隔振桥梁为例,建立该桥的三维有限元模型,考虑桩-土相互作用的影响,并根据混凝土和钢筋的材料特性,选取适宜的动力弹塑性本构模型,同时模拟了弹塑性减隔振球型钢支座,并采用人工拟合的3条地震动时程曲线对该桥进行了E2地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析,验算该桥在E2地震作用下的强度及变形。经过详细的验算与分析,验证了本桥设计的安全性和可靠性,并为实际工程中的非规则桥梁在E2地震作用下的抗震验算提供参考依据。     

智能航标灯的研究与应用

利用GPS、GPRS和INTERNET等通讯网络,通过透镜、太阳能电池、蓄电池、LED阵列光源设计一个智能监控系统来远程遥测遥控航标灯,以达到维护航道的目的.通过在内河航道的实际运用表明,该智能航标灯器具备自动恢复、自动检测、自动报警、自动收发数据等功能,能更好的维护航标保证航道的正常运行,大大节约航道维护的成本.     

港口岸线环境补偿人工沙滩工程理论与实践

依托港口岸线建设环境补偿人工沙滩工程是践行国家生态文明建设战略,实现港、城一体化发展的有益举措。针对人工沙滩建设中的理论和关键技术问题,通过自主研发,取得以下主要创新性成果:1)发展了沙、泥并存下沙滩动力地貌学基础理论;2)形成先进的数值、物理模拟技术;3)提出适用于各种复杂泥沙环境下的人工沙滩设计原则;4)研发了人工沙滩防侵蚀、防泥化的整治与养护措施。研究成果已成功应用于不同复杂泥沙环境下的实际沙滩工程中,实现了良好的经济、社会和生态环境效益,具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

The value of options for time charterparty extension: an artificial neural networks (ANN) approach

The most frequently associated options in the physical shipping market are options to extend the charter period on time charters and additional shipment options on contracts of affreightment. The value of freight options, in practice, is estimated mostly by referring to forward curves. An option on freight has different properties from its financial counterparts, and the straightforward adoption of theoretical models does not produce promising results. In this paper, extension options, which have the property of options on futures, were transformed into regular European options before the application of the Black-Scholes model (BSM). The efficient market hypothesis, which justifies the parity of the performance of a long-term charter to that of repetitive short-term charters, worked as the basis for the transformation. The option values determined by the BSM were compared with actual realized values. Additionally, the artificial neural networks (ANN) was employed to derive the option values. This study is meaningful as the first-time application of both the closed-form solution and the ANN to the valuation of physical freight options. The research results can contribute to the quality of chartering decisions. The results could also be used in quantifying credit risk, as extension options tend to be granted to charterers with more creditability.     

Artificial forces for virtual autonomous ships with encountering situations in restricted waters

ABSTRACT

Even if the same two ships operate in the same encountering situation, the actual strategies and timing of operations may be different. Therefore, the fixed collision avoidance trajectory and ship movements are no longer suitable for simulating the real ship behaviour. This paper tries to develop an artificial intelligent system that fully sensitive to the local circumstances and command a ship in virtual environment. Based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, this study has developed artificial forces which help decision makings on-board independently under different situations and catching the stochastic nature of ship behaviours during collision avoidances manoeuvring. Actual ship tracks are helpful for ascertaining the parameters that contribute to artificial forces in collision avoidances, while the correlation coefficient analysis is helpful to distinguish the parameters. This study will help to develop a navigation traffic simulation to reflect the realistic ship behaviour and provide reliable information for port and waterway planning, risk analysis, and mitigation measures. The method can be used in developing algorithms for autonomous ships. The method introduced in this study lays a foundation for developing artificial forces at intersections or bends, although the model is only applicable in straight channels at the moment.     

基于图形和状态推理的计算机联锁运维智能诊断方法研究

为了降低计算机联锁故障的影响和减少劳动强度,有必要提升计算机联锁系统监测和诊断的智能化水平。在研究国内外相关信号设备的基础上,建立联锁系统信息大数据,采用图形和状态推理的方法对计算机联锁故障给出诊断结论。对机柜设备硬件、系统通信、继电接口3个方面的典型故障进行实例研究,提出针对机柜硬件方面的基于三维模型的显示及故障诊断方法,针对系统通信方面的基于物理状态图的显示及故障诊断方法,针对继电接口方面的基于状态图的显示及故障诊断方法。图形和状态推理方法以及典型实例为技术开发提供了理论支撑,该智能诊断方法的应用和推广将在提高维护效率、降低故障处理难度方面发挥重要作用。     

化LF(X)中任一公式为可归约形式的算法

针对基于归结方法的自动推理过程中的化任一公式为可归约形式这一问题进行研究．简述了LF(X)及其中公式的相关概念，证明了对LF(X)中公式进行转化的若干理论结果，并由此给出化LF(X)中任一公式为可归约形式的理论基础和基本算法．     

城市轨道交通地下建筑安全智能检测系统平台技术

城市轨道交通地下建筑安全检测是城市轨道交通运输安全领域的一个重要研究方向,其系统平台反映了城市轨道交通、系统集成的特性。针对这一问题,分析了城市轨道交通地下空间建筑结构安全检测的目标和内容,建立了基于嵌入式系统的单元检测模型,详细给出了其智能化检测系统平台技术设计思想、基本原理和技术特点。     

洋山深水港区一期工程深水裸露基岩嵌岩桩施工技术

文章通过计算，优化方案，采用人造基床作为钢套筒稳桩措施，解决了上海国际航运中心洋山深水港一期工程中码头嵌岩桩的难题。文中还对嵌岩桩施工中的钻机平台、成孔成桩、异常情况处理等作了简单总结。实践证明，人造基床方案是可行的，在施工进度、工程质量及经济上都有较大的优势，具有推广的价值。