简支梁预制节段拼装施工

广州市轨道交通四号线11标工程简支梁采用节段拼装施工。本文介绍节段拼装架桥机的构造以及预制节段梁拼装施工等内容。     

某型号武器系统跟踪机构装配过程研究

总结了某型号武器系统红外跟踪探测跟踪机构的装配过程控制技术和测试。扼要地叙述了跟踪机构的结构特点、性能指标、机械装配及装配过程中采取的一系列工艺措施。通过优化设计装配顺序和工装,为关键部件的装配和检测创造了条件,使产品的装配质量大大改观,保证了产品的一次装配成功。     

曲线桥独柱墩点铰支座预偏心优化分析

在墩顶点铰支撑的曲线连续梁桥设计中,选择合理的支座预偏心距来改善结构的受力性能至关重要。该文以边跨梁正负扭矩绝对值相等且扭矩最小为目标函数,采用ANSYS通用软件提供的优化设计模块和参数化设计语言（ADPL）,对曲线梁桥支座预偏心的布置进行了优化设计计算。     

Ergonomic and biomechnical analysis of automotive general assembly using XML and digital human models

Automotive general assembly requires many manual assembly operations to be carried out by human workers. Ergonomic analysis is an important part of the design and evaluation of products, jobs, tools, machines and environments for safe, comfortable and effective human functioning. Most recent researches have involved the evaluation of working conditions to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The majority of previous research on automotive companies has mainly considered the results of ergonomic analyses such as RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment), REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) and OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysis System). Analysis of static posture including reachability, clearances for arm, hand and tool has also been used to evaluate working conditions. However, in addition to static posture analysis, a biomechanical analysis in dynamic conditions should also be conducted. There are no integrated frameworks or standard schema for ergonomic analysis using digital human models in digital environments. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework for the evaluation of working conditions by ergonomic and biomechanical analysis using digital models based on XML standard schema, including: products, processes, manufacturing resources and human workers. This paper presents the analysis results using the proposed framework for automotive general assembly operations. We propose a new framework for the evaluation of the assembly operations and their environments. Then we apply a digital human model to the dynamic simulation of general automotive assembly operations based on standard schemas in XML and PPRH (Product, Process, Resource and Human). Using PPRH information based on a standard XML schema to analyze the ergonomic and biomechanical results, the engineer can visualize, analyze and improve assembly operations and working environments in automotive general assembly shops using digital models.     

Effect on friction of engine oil seal with engine oil viscosity

Low viscosity engine oil can improve a vehicle’s fuel economy by decreasing the friction between the engine components. Frictional torque varies with the velocity change due to different viscosity characteristics of SAE grade 5W-20, 5W-30 and 5W-40 engine oils. The viscosity for each of these grades was measured to outline the effect low viscosity engine oils have on engine friction, which may lead to improved fuel economy. Engine oil seal frictional torque increases with the shaft rotational speed for all three engine oil grades. A decrease in engine oil seal frictional torque was confirmed when low viscosity engine oil was used. Also, the leak-free performance of the engine oil with the seal satisfied the life limit durability test criteria. Thus, low viscosity engine oil may be used to improve fuel economy by decreasing the frictional loss of the engine oil seal while having no negative impact on performance due to leak-free functioning.     

双十字轴万向节转向系统力矩波动的优化设计

汽车转向力是汽车操纵稳定性评价中的重要指标,转向力的力矩波动直接影响着驾驶感受,合理的相位角设计能够有效地减少力矩波动。本文阐述了转向系统力矩波动原理,并运用该方法进行了某车型转向系统的优化设计。     

基于MSC的变矩器膨胀变形分析

为了准确快速地预测钣金型液力变矩器在工作负载下壳体的膨胀变形、提高液力变矩器性能、减少由于整体轴向刚体位移导致与周围零件的干涉,借助三坐标测量仪及UG软件平台建立并简化了变矩器内流道模型和变矩器壳体模型;利用仿真软件Gambit,Fluent对内流道模型进行分析,得出了壳体所受油压面力和轴向力;最后,借助软件MSC.Patran和MSC.Nastran对液力变矩器壳体的膨胀变形进行模拟仿真预测,并通过试验对仿真的结果进行验证.试验结果表明:试验与仿真分析的结果基本吻合;液力变矩器的轴向位移与油压大小呈线性关系;最大应力出现在壳体循环圆曲率发生突变最大的部分;最大应变出现在泵轮出口面和涡轮进口面所对应的壳体上.     

进气预热对柴油机起动过程动力性能影响的试验分析

为了改善某柴油机的起动特性,自行设计了柴油机进气火焰预热系统。利用基于时间的瞬时数据采集系统,测量了瞬时转速和缸内燃烧压力的变化规律,对不进气预热和进气预热条件下柴油机的起动特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:采用进气预热系统后,进气温度升高了18.5℃,柴油机起动过程中转速升高率增大,起动时间明显缩短;输出扭矩增大且波动明显减小;各个循环的最大燃烧压力升高且波动减小,燃油的着火滞燃期明显缩短,其着火过程中发生后燃、循环失火的概率明显减小,燃烧过程进行得更加充分,极大地改善了柴油机的起动性能。     

分体式辙叉拉杆的应用

道岔护轨及辙叉部分是道岔工作的难点 ,护背距离、查照间隔即 48— 91不易控制 ,尤其是 91不易控制。岔枕由于经常改道 ,道钉眼孔扩大 ,持钉能力差而造成失效。分体式辙叉拉杆的研制 ,从根本上控制了 48—91。     

北京地铁八通线路基工程设计

北京地铁八通线是北京继西直门—东直门城市铁路之后的第二条一次性铺设无缝线路的轨道交通线路 ,在总结城市铁路经验的基础上对八通线的各个方面都进行了设计优化。介绍八通线路基工程设计中的碎石道床路基填筑标准、整体道床路基处理技术、碎石道床与整体道床过渡段路基设计及路基支挡结构物方案。