A regression and beam theory based approach for fatigue assessment of containership structures including bending and torsion contributions

Container shipping has been expanding dramatically during the last decade. Due to their special structural characteristics, such as the wide breadth and large hatch openings, horizontal bending and torsion play an important role to the fatigue safety of containerships. In this study the fatigue contributions from vertical bending, horizontal bending and torsion are investigated using full-scale measurements of strain records on two containerships. Further, these contributions are compared to results from direct calculations where a nonlinear 3D panel method is used to compute wave loads in time domain. It is concluded that both bending and torsion have significant impacts on the fatigue assessment of containerships. The stresses caused by these loads could be correctly computed by full-ship finite element analysis. However, this requires large computational effort, since for fatigue assessment purposes the FE analysis needs to be carried out for all encountered sea states and operational conditions with sufficient time steps for each condition. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed to run the structure finite element analysis under only one sea condition for only a few time steps. Then, these results are used to obtain a relationship between wave loads and structural stresses through a linear regression analysis. This relation can be further used to compute stresses for arbitrary sea states and operational conditions using the computed wave loads (bending and torsion moments) as input. Based on this proposed method for structure stress analysis, an efficient procedure is formulated and found to be in very good agreement with the full-ship finite element analysis. In addition it is several orders of magnitude more time efficient for fatigue assessment of containership structures.     

Hardware-in-the-loop testbed for evaluating connected vehicle applications

Connected vehicle environment provides the groundwork of future road transportation. Researches in this area are gaining a lot of attention to improve not only traffic mobility and safety, but also vehicles’ fuel consumption and emissions. Energy optimization methods that combine traffic information are proposed, but actual testing in the field proves to be rather challenging largely due to safety and technical issues. In light of this, a Hardware-in-the-Loop-System (HiLS) testbed to evaluate the performance of connected vehicle applications is proposed. A laboratory powertrain research platform, which consists of a real engine, an engine-loading device (hydrostatic dynamometer) and a virtual powertrain model to represent a vehicle, is connected remotely to a microscopic traffic simulator (VISSIM). Vehicle dynamics and road conditions of a target vehicle in the VISSIM simulation are transmitted to the powertrain research platform through the internet, where the power demand can then be calculated. The engine then operates through an engine optimization procedure to minimize fuel consumption, while the dynamometer tracks the desired engine load based on the target vehicle information. Test results show fast data transfer at every 200 ms and good tracking of the optimized engine operating points and the desired vehicle speed. Actual fuel and emissions measurements, which otherwise could not be calculated precisely by fuel and emission maps in simulations, are achieved by the testbed. In addition, VISSIM simulation can be implemented remotely while connected to the powertrain research platform through the internet, allowing easy access to the laboratory setup.     

双块式轨枕外形质量快速检测系统研制及应用

SK?2型双块式混凝土轨枕是高速铁路无砟轨道结构中的重要预制件,单一生产厂日均产量达到800~1400根,但目前的人工检测方式无法满足双块式轨枕的出厂检验要求。本文提出的双块式轨枕外形质量快速检测系统可满足TB/T 3397—2015《CRTS双块式无砟轨道混凝土轨枕》的出厂检验要求,与双块式轨枕生产线相匹配,大大提高了检测效率,实现了双块式轨枕全参数、自动化、智能化检测。检测数据自动上传至生产管理平台,可对双块式轨枕生产质量进行跟踪管理。     

船舶电缆自动化敷设系统设计与实现

在船舶电缆敷设过程中,很难借助有效的工装提高劳动效率,低空间的高强度作业存在严重的安全风险。以船舶电缆自动化敷设系统为分析对象,介绍系统组成和系统接口,采用比例积分微分(Proportion Integration Differentiation,PID)算法计算系统行程,通过PROFINET总线完成数据传输,以人机界面(Human Machine Interface,HMI)实现系统性能要求。在风电安装平台上的实际运用表明,该系统可解决造船行业劳动力成本高和安全风险大的问题。     

HXD1型机车自动驾驶系统设计与应用

主要介绍HXD1型交流传动电力机车的自动驾驶系统方案设计与应用情况,以机车改动最小、成本最低为原则,通过加装自动驾驶系统设备、通信及供电线缆实现自动驾驶功能。通过机车自动系统的成功运用,降低了人工劳动强度,杜绝了人为失误因素,提升了机车操纵水平和操纵一致性。     

城市轨道交通全自动运行线路在无人值守模式下的应急处置

基于不同的场景,详细阐述了无人值守模式下全自动运行线路的应急处置方法、区间疏散方式及救援方式。结合专门的自动应急或远程应急功能,使无人值守全自动运行线路应急处置能兼顾运营效率和安全,避免列车迫停区间。建议做好多职能队员的相关培训工作,并合理选择列车自动运行控制系统的应急功能。     

向量法在不规则隧道边仰坡面积计算中的应用

根据隧道边仰坡三维坐标测量数据,通过计算边仰坡斜面和投影水平面的法向量,进而计算两面之间夹角的方法,反算边仰坡斜面面积,在类似不规则隧道边仰坡等斜面面积计算中具有广泛的应用价值。     

新建隧道下穿多座隧道施工技术

以渝黔引入贵阳枢纽铁路龙宝冲隧道下穿6座已建及在建隧道工程为例,结合现场,详细分析、介绍了下穿隧道施工方案、原则、施工方法;提出了新建铁路隧道近距离下穿隧道交叉点附近施工爆破控制、防护方案,以及新建、既有隧道的监控量测、超前地质预报、安全性评估与评价等施工技术;解决了下穿隧道施工中既保证新建隧道施工安全,又保证既有隧道不受影响的问题。     

泥浆悬浮砂粒能力分层测定试验研究

为实现泥浆悬浮砂粒能力的量化分析,提出一种分层测定方法,选取12%、15%和18%3种质量分数的试验泥浆,通过自行设计的分层取样装置进行试验研究,获取不同泥浆质量分数、沉降时间和砂粒粒径条件下的10个深度分段的砂粒质量分布,分析各参数影响下的砂粒沉降变化规律。结果表明:1)该分层测定方法可较好地获取不同深度分段的砂粒质量,弥补现有测定方法只能获取底层砂粒沉降质量的不足;2)试验所采用的3种质量分数的泥浆对0.1 mm以上粒径的砂粒悬浮能力均较差。根据砂粒沉降曲线分布特征,提出一种用于判别泥浆悬浮砂粒能力的方法,即砂粒沉降曲线越平缓,各层质量差异性越小,底层质量无明显拐点,不同沉降时间曲线越紧密,则泥浆悬浮砂粒能力越强。     

Plate scanning tools to obtain travel times in traffic networks

The management of vehicle travel times has been shown to be fundamental to traffic network analysis. To collect travel time measurement, some methods focus solely on isolated links or highway segments, and where two measurement points, at the beginning and at the end of a section, are deemed sufficient to evaluate users' travel time. However, in many cases, transport studies involve networks in which the problem is more complex. This article takes advantage of the plate scanning technique to propose an algorithm that minimizes the required number of registering devices and their location in order to identify vehicles candidates to compute the travel times of a given set of routes (or subroutes). The merits of the proposed method are explained using simple examples and are illustrated by its application to the real network of Ciudad Real.