动车组运行车内环境卫生综合评价

目的了解我国动车组运行过程中司机室和车厢环境中电磁场强以及空气质量品质状况。方法现场测试高速动车组司机室和车厢环境卫生学状况,并与既有线空调客车进行比较分析。结果高速动车组与既有线动车组司机室和车厢空气内物理与化学卫生学指标符合国家职业卫生标准。结论高速动车组司机室和车厢环境各项理化指标符合国家相关标准要求,与既有旅客空调客车比较,动车组运行时车厢及司机室内环境空气质量品质优于普通旅客列车。     

机车空压机容积流量的确定及测量方法研究

通过对重载列车制动系统参数的计算分析,确定机车空压机的容积流量,为制订相关标准提供依据,提出了在铁路行业现场简便易行的机车空压机容积流量测量方法。     

基于三态滞环控制的电气化铁路电能质量治理装置

针对电气化铁路造成的电网无功、负序、谐波等电能质量问题,提出一种基于三态滞环调制方法的电能质量治理装置。文章基于平衡牵引变压器,通过对该调节器的基本结构和补偿原理的详细分析,提出装置的系统控制策略和三态滞环电流调制方法。PSCAD/EMTDC仿真和样机试验结果表明:三态滞环调制方法具有响应速度快、等效开关频率高、电流脉动小等优势,调节器能很好地解决牵引变电所电能质量问题。     

Socially and environmentally appropriate urban futures for the motor car

In its relatively short life, the automobile has provided a level of mobility unlikely to have been feasible with a reliance on conventional forms of land based public transport. It has contributed in both a positive and negative way to the quality of life, transforming our cities, our way of life, and giving us a greater command over time and space. Concern over the undesirable social and environmental impacts has increased over time, with calls for governments to take action to reduce the automobile's dominant role. New investment in fixed-track public transport and bus priority systems together with strategies to discourage travel have been proposed to improve accessibility and to aid in cleaning up the physical environment. This paper reviews some of the issues facing society as it works to identify policies to achieve an economically and environmentally sustainabie future. There is a need for a broader set of policies to facilitate alternative land use-transport lifestyles while facing appropriate pricing signals. Some of the key issues are adjustments in the relative prices of location and transport, spatial incentives to make public transport economically viable (i.e. changing urban densities, zoning/incentive changes to allow more infill), road pricing (i.e. charging cars the economic cost of using the roads), new information technology systems (e.g. IVHS) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of transport infrastructure, major improvements in the fuel efficiency of fossil fuelled vehicles, and alternative-fuelled vehicles (clean-air vehicles).     

首先发生紧急制动车辆的电子定位方法

分析了电子定位首先发生意外紧急制动车辆的紧急制动波到达时间差原理,推导出了定位公式,并进行了实测验证。测试结果表明,客车车辆顺位定位误差不大于1辆。     

重庆单轨车辆用SYS450D型空气弹簧研制

介绍了重庆单轨车辆用空气弹簧的技术要求及结构特点,根据技术要求进行了结构设计,通过有限元计算确定了胶囊及橡胶堆工艺制造的关键参数,进行了承载力、垂向刚度、横向刚度、最大横向变形能力、最大外径、疲劳耐久性、耐压强度、耐环境性能等型式试验,并随后装车进行了线路动力学试验。试验结果表明,研制的空气弹簧满足技术要求,达到了替代原型空气弹簧的目的。     

空气压缩机安全监控系统

介绍了空气压缩机安全监控系统的工作原理及软硬件设计。     

地铁列车过渡车钩功能改进及应用

针对目前内燃调车机车采用过渡车钩对地铁列车调车作业中存在的问题,提出了对过渡车钩的改进方案,以达到缓解地铁列车停放制动、提高调车效率的目的。同时提出了对地铁列车制动管路进行改进的思路,以实现内燃调车机车与地铁列车同步实施制动与缓解,从而大幅提高调车过程的安全性与效率。     

关于空气弹簧内部间隙的研究

对橡胶滞回、蠕变、静态刚度、动态刚度、内压等影响空气弹簧间隙的因素进行了分析,阐述了各种因素影响空气弹簧间隙的原理,给出了选择空气弹簧间隙的依据,并结合实例进行了试验验证。     

增压式真空预压在铁路站场地基处理的优化设计研究

增压式真空预压能弥补常规真空预压时间长、长期效果差等缺点,基于该方法的加固机理,利用PLAXIS平面有限元进行设计参数优化研究,优化参数包括排水板板长、板间距、板型、增压强度等。研究结果表明,在预压前期,渗透系数对沉降量的影响较显著,而预压后期则排水板的尺寸产生的效果更为显著;对于工期和工后沉降都比较严格的工程,尽可能使排水板长度大于压缩层厚度,选取大尺寸、高渗透性排水板、间距取1.0m,并尽可能增加增压装置的功率。