重复驾驶条件下驾驶员记忆增长模型研究

驾驶员的记忆影响视觉搜索及路径规划等驾驶行为,进而影响道路通行效率与交通安全.为了描述重复驾驶条件下驾驶员记忆变化的特征,设计模拟驾驶实验,研究同一场景下重复驾驶对驾驶员记忆的累积刺激.通过场景记忆量表衡量驾驶员的记忆程度,分析了驾驶员记忆增长与重复驾驶次数的动态变化关系,分别采用单分子式、修正Weibull方程及Richards方程建立累积刺激作用下驾驶员记忆增长模型,并以误差平方和、均方根误差和调整 R2为评价指标对模型精度进行对比分析.结果表明,3种模型均能对驾驶员记忆增长特性进行描述,其中 Richards模型精度最高,其平均调整R2为0.9884.Richards模型揭示了记忆的同化与异化作用的本质,更适合建立重复驾驶条件下驾驶员对场景的记忆增长模型.     

Suburban attitudes toward policies aimed at reducing solo driving

Policies that are aimed at discouraging commuters from solo driving have become a part of overall efforts to improve air quality and reduce traffic congestion. Since driving alone is the overwhelming choice of employed residents in US metropolitan areas, the political acceptability of proposed policy changes plays a role in their success. The 1992 Orange County (CA) Annual Survey asked employed solo drivers to rate their likelihood of changing from solo driving in response to various fees and incentives. Fewer say they would be very likely to stop solo driving if they were charged a parking fee at work (20%), a smog fee (17%) or a congestion fee (16%), than if their employers paid them a cash bonus for stopping solo driving (28%), or if more public transit (33%) or more carpools at work (35%) were available. Young and lower-status solo drivers are more likely than others to say they would stop driving alone if there were fees or cash bonuses. Current non-solo drivers tend to be young and low income, providing a validity check on the demographic predictors of stated preferences. The findings are discussed in light of recent policy changes in Southern California.     

盘式制动器性能试验台模拟机的研制

对盘式制动器工作原理及试验原理进行了研究，研制开发出了盘式制动器性能试验台模拟机。介绍了模拟机主机部分的设计，实现飞轮组的多片组合，设计出驱动制动系统和单片机测试系统，以保证系统的模拟精度。     

水面自主船舶技术发展路径

工业4.0背景下,船舶自主化航行是水路运输工具变革的重要趋势。本文首先详细介绍了世界范围内水面自主船舶(MASS)的主要研究项目发展路径及当前的研究现状。然后分析了MASS研发的关键技术,如通讯、航路设计及优化、智能避障等。针对MASS的快速发展,指出了当前面临的困难与挑战。最后针对法律及法规等配套体系的完善提出展望。     

Design of an adaptive controller for dive-plane control of a torpedo-shaped AUV

Underwater vehicles operating in complex ocean conditions present difficulties in determining accurate dynamic models. To guarantee robustness against parameter uncertainty, an adaptive controller for dive-plane control, based on Lyapunov theory and back-stepping techniques, was proposed. In the closed-loop system, asymptotic tracking of the reference depth and pitch angle trajectories was accomplished. Simulation results were presented which show effective dive-plane control in spite of the uncertainties in the system parameters.     

液压驱动车辆的反拖制动性能研究

对液压驱动车辆长下坡制动的性能进行了试验和理论分析，研究泵排量对发动机和液压系统在下坡制动中的影响。对提高液压驱动车辆下坡安全性，为液压驱动车辆合理安排发动机和液压系统制动能力，提高反拖制动性能起到积极作用。     

香港典型山区道路汽车行驶工况污染物排放研究

通过安装车载测试系统收集香港港岛山区路段正常行驶工况下尾气中的CO、NOx、HC等污染物和油耗并辅助计算机软件进行分析。研究得出,山区道路设计、地形地貌和驾驶习惯对车辆油耗以及CO、NOx和HC排放有直接关系。可以通过坡道加宽、坡道延长、减少坡道红绿灯等措施减少车辆在山区道路行驶过程中速度变化频率,从而减少油耗以及CO、NOx和HC排放。     

BEHAVIORAL TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCHES ON AUTOMOBILE DRIVERS' DRIVING ACCIDENTS

Automobiledrivers'healthanddriv-ingaccldentinducedbythemispaidmoreattentiontowiththeincreasingusageofautom0bile-Andtheattentionshouldbefocusedondrivers'n0tonlysomaticbutals0psychol0gicalstateatpresent-Wemadetheresearchesonthedrivers'neu-robehavioralfunctionsinthisstudyapply-ingbehavi0ra1toxic0l0gy.SUBJECTSANDMETHODSl25automobiledriversweredividedintotwogr0ups,accidentRr0up(AG)in-cluding85driverswithaccidents(77males,8females)andnonaccldentgroup(NAG)including4Odriverswith0utacci-dents…     

The dynamic study of locomotives under saturated adhesion

In order to study the dynamic behaviours of locomotives under saturated adhesion, the stability and characteristics of stick–slip vibration are analysed using the concepts of mean and dynamic slip rates. The longitudinal vibration phenomenon of the wheelset when stick–slip occurs is put forward and its formation mechanism is made clear innovatively. The stick–slip vibration is a dynamic process between the stick and the slip states. The decreasing of mean and dynamic slip rates is conducive to its stability, which depends on the W/R adhesion damping. The torsion vibration of the driving system and the longitudinal vibration of the wheelset are coupled through the longitudinal tangential force when the wheelset alternates between the stick and the slip states. The longitudinal oscillation frequencies of the wheelset are integral multiples of the natural frequency of torsion vibration of the driving system. A train dynamic model integrated with an electromechanical and a control system is established to simulate the stick–slip vibration phenomenon under saturated adhesion to verify the theoretical analysis. The results show that increases of the longitudinal axle guidance stiffness and the motor suspension stiffness are beneficial to the stick–slip vibration stability and the locomotive's traction ability. The optimised matching of the longitudinal axle guidance stiffness and the motor suspension stiffness are helpful to avoid longitudinal resonance when the stick–slip vibration occurs.