内燃机车改进型微机控制装置

介绍了内燃机车改进型微机控制装置的硬件结构、系统功能及优点,解决了内燃机车微机控制装置小型化、模块化的市场实际需求;现场考核证明该控制装置稳定可靠,性价比高,维护和检修简单方便.     

列车辅助变流器Matlab/Simulink仿真技术研究及应用

给出了一种采用Matlab/Simulink仿真平台构建的列车辅助变流器的系统仿真模型,并对其原理进行了简要分析。实际应用表明,该仿真模型能为列车辅助变流器主要参数的选择与分析提供很大的帮助。     

城轨车辆辅助供电系统的比较分析

文章分析了3种城轨车辆用辅助系统的结构,并讨论了在故障状况下辅助供电系统供电分配情况,得出3种辅助供电系统各自的优劣,为城轨车辆辅助系统的选择和设计提供参考价值.     

公交专用道的运行状态及对社会车道的影响

本文提出了一种分析已有公交专用道运行状态的方法.通过计算公交车道和社会车道上的饱和度,来确定公交车道和社会车道的服务水平,并结合公交专用道上各车型所占比例,分析公交专用道的运行情况及其对社会车道的影响,指出存在的问题和可能的改进措施.     

HOV车道在上海城市交通管理中的应用探讨

介绍HOV(高承载率车辆)车道的概念及在洛杉矶的发展过程;针对上海目前公交专用道利用率不高的现象,提出利用公交专用道的富余设置HOV车道的设想;从必要性及可行性两方面运用数据对上海市延安东路隧道和四平路—中山东路的道路状况分析说明。     

透水框架护岸模型试验

透水框架护岸是将透水框架铺设在岸坡坡面上,利用透水框架的减速促淤机理来防护岸坡。本试验开展了四面六边透水框架和扭双工字型透水框架铺设在岸坡坡面上的试验研究,对其护岸效果、减速促於机理进行分析,了解透水框架护岸的优缺点,分析透水框架护岸的应用部位。     

Modification of the Highway Capacity Manual two‐lane highway analysis procedure for Spanish conditions

The US Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methodology is used in Spain to evaluate traffic operation and quality of service. The effect of passing manoeuvre on two‐lane highway operational performance is considered through adjustment factors to average travel speeds and percent time spent following. The procedure is largely based on simulations in TWOPAS and passing behaviours observed during US calibrations in the 1970s. It is not clear whether US driving behaviour and vehicles' performance are comparable with Spanish conditions. The objective of this research is to adapt the HCM 2010 methodology to Spanish driver behaviour, for base conditions (i.e. no passing restrictions). To do so, TWOPAS was calibrated and validated based on current Spanish passing field data. The calibration used a genetic algorithm. The case study included an ideal two‐lane highway with varying directional traffic flow rate, directional split and percentage of trucks. The updated methodology for base conditions is simpler than the current HCM 2010 and does not rely on interpolation from tables. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling delay at signalized intersections with channelized right‐turn lanes considering the impact of blockage

This paper presents a probabilistic delay model for signalized intersections with right‐turn channelization lanes considering the possibility of blockage. Right‐turn channelization is used to improve the capacity and to reduce delay at busy intersections with a lot of right‐turns. However, under heavy traffic conditions the through vehicles will likely block the channelization entrance that accrues delay to right‐turn vehicles. If the right‐turn channelization gets blocked frequently, its advantage in reducing the intersection delay is neglected and as a result the channelization lane becomes inefficient and redundant. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) neglects the blockage effect, which may be a reason for low efficiency during peak hours. More importantly, using HCM or other standard traffic control methods without considering the blockage effects would lead to underestimation of the delay. To overcome this issue, the authors proposed delay models by taking into account both deterministic and random aspects of vehicles arrival patterns at signalized intersections. The proposed delay model was validated through VISSIM, a microscopic simulation model. The results showed that the proposed model is very precise and accurately estimates the delay. In addition, it was found that the length of short‐lane section and proportion of right‐turn and through traffic significantly influence the approach delay. For operational purposes, the authors provided a step‐by‐step delay calculation process and presented approach delay estimates for different sets of traffic volumes, signal settings, and short‐lane section lengths. The delay estimates would be useful in evaluating adequacy of the current lengths, identifying the options of extending the short‐lane section length, or changing signal timing to reduce the likelihood of blockage. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the implementation of an auxiliary pantograph for speed increase on existing lines

The contact between pantograph and catenary at high speeds suffers from high dynamic contact force variation due to stiffness variations and wave propagation. To increase operational speed on an existing catenary system, especially for soft catenary systems, technical upgrading is usually necessary. Therefore, it is desirable to explore a more practical and cost-saving method to increase the operational speed. Based on a 3D pantograph–catenary finite element model, a parametric study on two-pantograph operation with short spacing distances at high speeds shows that, although the performance of the leading pantograph gets deteriorated, the trailing pantograph feels an improvement if pantographs are spaced at a proper distance. Then, two main positive effects, which can cause the improvement, are addressed. Based on a discussion on wear mechanisms, this paper suggests to use the leading pantograph as an auxiliary pantograph, which does not conduct any electric current, to minimise additional wear caused by the leading pantograph. To help implementation and achieve further improvement under this working condition, this paper investigates cases with optimised uplift force on the leading pantograph and with system parameter deviations. The results show that the two positive effects still remain even with some system parameter deviations. About 30% of speed increase should be possibly achieved still sustaining a good dynamic performance with help of the optimised uplift force.     

彭溪河特大桥索塔锚固区段足尺模型试验研究

介绍彭溪河特大桥索塔锚固区段足尺模型试验、张拉工艺模型试验及空间有限元仿真分析。通过模型试验与理论计算相结合的方法,研究索塔锚固区的受力状态和安全性能,并测试小半径“U”形环向预应力束预应力损失和伸长量,为优化设计及指导施工提供了可靠的依据。