多潮位站数据程序化处理及其在远岸水深测量中的应用

为实现远岸水深测量的需要,本文利用三角分带改正法,快速准确地获得潮位改正数,实现多潮位站的数据程序化处理,自动生成测点高程,并与传统方法进行比较,分析该方法在水深测量中的优越性。     

海洋工程平台应急关断系统安全完整性分析

为了保证海洋工程平台的运行安全,需要全面评估安全相关设备的失效风险,并设置应急关断系统。基于一套我所生产并已交付的海洋工程平台应急关断系统,首先介绍了系统功能安全相关标准和可靠性指标的计算方法。然后选取该平台的某一个典型安全回路,分析其安全完整性等级,最后验证其等级符合设计要求。     

茅坪山隧道2#横洞进入正洞施工技术

以沪昆客专茅坪山隧道为研究对象,介绍了橫洞进入正洞施工技术方案的实施,即2#横洞施工至正洞左中线后,用弧形圆顺的方式进入正洞大里程方向,然后按照横洞净空尺寸上坡开挖至正洞拱顶高程,并继续沿大里程方向施工10m,扩挖支护达到正洞标准尺寸、形成作业空间后,转向相反方向施工。介绍横洞进入正洞的挑顶施工技术,交叉口位置支护加固处理、仰拱施工技术的综合应用。上述技术使横洞进入正洞施工进展顺利,无事故发生,确保了施工进度,缩短了施工工期,节约了施工成本,提高了施工经济效益,可为类似工程提供有益借鉴。     

造船行业清洁生产标准的构建

针对目前造船行业清洁生产标准缺失的问题,依据中国《清洁生产标准制订技术导则》(HJ/T 425-2008),参考机械行业、汽车行业清洁生产标准,结合造船行业的自身特点和清洁生产要求,确定了造船行业清洁生产标准研究的技术路线。通过广泛调研并经咨询行业专家,首次提出并构架了造船行业清洁生产标准指标体系,并以此为标准采用功效系数法对某船舶企业进行了清洁生产绩效水平评估。结果表明：提出的造船行业清洁生产标准具有较强的科学性和针对性,可以作为船舶企业清洁生产的依据,可以为造船行业清洁生产工作的推进和绩效评估提供参考。     

环抱式港池水体交换研究--以连云港徐圩港区为例

环抱式港池普遍存在水体交换能力较弱的问题,水体交换通道是提高港区水体交换能力主要方法之一。文中以规划中的连云港徐圩港区为例,建立对流扩散模型,通过计算研究徐圩港区对流与扩散之间的关系,分析港区水体交换机理和主要影响因素;通过设置水体交换通道探讨其对港区水体交换功能改善的主要影响因素。研究表明：对流作用在徐圩港区水体交换中占有绝对优势,增大流速可提高港区的水体交换能力;水体交换通道的断面面积及断面形状对港区的水体交换效果影响较大。     

长江中游枝江—江口河段航道整治一期工程效果分析

根据枝江—江口河段航道整治一期工程前后实测资料,分析一期工程前后枝江—江口河段航道条件、水流条件变化。结果显示:一期工程实施后河段内关键洲滩稳定,航道条件改善,河段内水位快速下降的趋势受到一定程度的抑制,工程效果显著,达到了设计标准。     

以表层土壤作为客土喷播基材的公路边坡绿化初期效果研究

利用表层土壤作为客土基材在高速公路边坡进行客土喷播试验,研究结果表明,采用表层土壤作为主要客土基材进行边坡客土喷播绿化,可显著促进边坡植被向着乡土化植物群落演替,并使边坡植被逐渐与周边自然边坡植被群落趋同。     

完善交通运输行业事业单位办公室工作的思考

归纳总结了事业单位办公室工作的特点,并对办公室工作存在的问题进行了剖析,重点针对如何在事业单位深化改革的重要历史时期,完善提升事业单位办公室工作提出了一些建议。     

Estuary Management and Recreational Fishing Benefits

Recognition of the benefits to society supported by estuary ecosystem functions and services, and threats to these benefits posed by human activities, has led to various public programs to restore and protect estuaries at the federal, state, and local levels. As available budgets shrink, program administrators and public elected officials struggle to allocate limited restoration and protection funds to the highest priority areas. Economic benefit and cost information can provide useful inputs into this decision-making process by quantifying estuary restoration and protection benefits and costs in commensurate terms. In this paper, a combined actual and intended travel behavior model is described that can be applied to estimate the recreational fishing benefits of estuary restoration and protection. The model was estimated for recreational fishing in the Lower Atchafalaya River Basin estuary along the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana, USA coast. Changes in freshwater flows into this estuary may affect redfish and speckled trout game fish populations. The model indicates that changes in catch rates of these two species would have a relatively minor affect on annual fishing trips per angler. However, because total effects may be large when effects per angler are aggregated across total anglers, resource management agencies should consider these changes in recreation benefits when evaluating projects that influence the ecology of coastal estuaries, fish populations, and catch rates. Moreover, in other coastal areas or situations, the responsiveness of angling trips to changes in catch rates may vary because of differences in user populations, environmental conditions, fish populations, and fishing experiences.     

Response of coastal zone management programs to sea level rise in the United States

Abstract

State coastal zone management programs are responding to the potential impacts of accelerated sea level rise through a wide range of activities and policies. This article provides a brief overview of the Coastal Zone Management Act and other federal laws that provide the basis for coastal state regulatory activities. It surveys the level of response to sea level rise by state coastal management programs in 24 marines coastal states, from formal recognition to implementation of policies addressing the issue. Individual state CZMP responses and policies that have been implemented or proposed are categorized. The adaptation of sea level rise to ongoing institutional objectives is discussed and policy constraints and trends are summarized.