复合桥面铺装结构动力学仿真分析

以高速公路混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装为研究对象,以弹性力学为理论基础,采用LSDYNA有限元软件建立了混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装整体结构模型,研究车辆在不同行驶速度、汽车制动以及道路纵坡等不同条件下,混凝土梁桥沥青混凝土桥面铺装结构的应力敏感性,为复合桥面铺装结构设计提供参考依据。     

等效波的散货船舱口角疲劳评估应力组合方法(英文)

The stress combination method for the fatigue assessment of the hatch corner of a bulk carrier was investigated based on equivalent waves.The principles of the equivalent waves of ship structures were given,including the determination of the dominant load parameter,heading,frequency,and amplitude of the equivalent regular waves.The dominant load parameters of the hatch corner of a bulk carrier were identified by the structural stress response analysis,and then a series of equivalent regular waves were defined based on these parameters.A combination method of the structural stress ranges under the different equivalent waves was developed for the fatigue analysis.The combination factors were obtained by least square regression analysis with the stress ranges derived from spectral fatigue analysis as the target value.The proposed method was applied to the hatch corner of another bulk carrier as an example.This shows that the results from the equivalent wave approach agree well with those from the spectral fatigue analysis.The workload is reduced substantially.This method can be referenced in the fatigue assessment of the hatch corner of a bulk carrier.     

Research on the dynamic buckling of a typical deck grillage structure subjected to in-plane impact Load

The dynamic buckling of the main deck grillage would result in the total collapse of the ship hull subjected to a far-filed underwater explosion. This dynamic buckling is mainly due to the dynamic moment of the ship hull when the ship hull experiences a sudden movement under impact load from the explosion. In order to investigate the ultimate strength of a typical deck grillage under quasi-static and dynamic in-plane compressive load, a structure model, in which the real constrained condition of the deck grillage was taken into consideration, was designed and manufactured. The quasi-static ultimate strength and damage mode of the deck grillage under in-plane compressive load was experimentally investigated. The Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed to predict the ultimate strength of the deck grillage subjected to quasi-static in-plane compressive load, and was validated by comparing the results from experimental tests and numerical simulations. In addition, the numerical simulations of dynamic buckling of the same model under in-plane impact load was performed, in which the influences of the load amplitude and the frequency of dynamic impact load, as well as the initial stress and deflection induced by wave load on the ultimate strength and failure mode were investigated. The results show that the dynamic buckling mode is quite different from the failure mode of the structure subjected to quasi-static in-plane compressive load. The displacements of deck edge in the vertical direction and the axial displacements are getting larger with the decrease of impact frequency. Besides, it is found that the dynamic buckling strength roughly linearly decreased with the increase of initial proportion of the static ultimate strength P₀. The conclusions drawn from the researches of this paper would help better designing of the ship structure under impact loads.     

推土机六向铲刀头的动力应力分析

应用专用运动动力学分析方法对4种典型计算工况下的推土机六向铲刀头进行了运动动力研究,得到了刀头各计算点处的约束反力;并研究了4种工况下六向铲刀头的应力,进行了详细的强度分析.结果表明,各工况下刀头均有3处应力超过了材料的强度极限,会造成相应位置的开裂现象.     

热点应力法在汽车驱动桥焊接强度耐久性分析中的应用

针对汽车驱动桥焊接桥壳结构特点,采用热点应力法及CAE技术对其焊接结构强度耐久性进行了模拟分析。为验证热点应力法模拟焊接结构的有效性,对3种标准焊接件、2种驱动桥桥壳焊接部位的强度和耐久性进行了试验与模拟对比分析,结果表明,该方法对焊接部位关键点应力的模拟有效性达70%以上,焊接部位的耐久性模拟寿命均值与试验结果量级相当。     

基于瞬态响应的柴油机缸盖多轴应力分析

为了给缸盖的疲劳寿命预测提供准确的边界条件,以某型柴油机缸盖为研究对象,运用Ansys有限元分析软件,采用直接积分法对其进行了标定工况的瞬态计算,并将计算结果与有限元静力学分析结果进行了对比。考察瞬态计算得到的应力多轴状态,研究高应力梯度部位多轴应力的变化趋势,结果表明:气缸盖在工作时,结构上的多轴比例载荷与多轴非比例载荷状态共存。     

基于圆角滚压工艺的曲轴疲劳行为研究

利用有限元计算软件Abaqus,采用三维显式动力学计算,模拟曲轴圆角滚压过程。利用软件自带的二次开发程序,编写数据采集程序,得到了曲轴圆角表面和内部的应力分布情况。参照曲轴真实疲劳试验,对曲轴进行模拟弯曲疲劳试验,得到不同弯矩水平下曲轴圆角应力分布情况。将模拟弯曲疲劳试验得到的圆角工作应力与滚压后的圆角残余应力进行耦合计算,获得更为准确的曲轴疲劳强度,并依此对曲轴滚压参数进行优化,优化后的曲轴疲劳极限弯矩提高15.7%。     

考虑初应力的哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋极限承载力统一解

为了研究钢管初应力对钢管混凝土拱肋极限承载力的影响,针对实际工程中普遍采用的哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋,考虑中间主应力、材料拉压比、初应力、初始缺陷、矢跨比和长细比等因素的影响,采用统一强度理论和修正的等效梁柱法,推导出一个新的初应力影响系数的计算公式,并建立其极限承载力的统一解。应用提出的计算公式分别对有、无初应力的哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的极限承载力进行计算,并将无初应力拱肋的计算结果与相关文献的试验结果及计算结果进行对比。分析结果表明：所提出的计算公式具有较好的精确度,验证了该计算方法的可行性;研究结果可为工程应用提供参考。     

现浇X形桩复合地基桩土应力比及负摩阻力现场试验

结合南京市桥北污水处理厂软基处理工程,开展了现浇X形桩(简称X形桩)单桩及单桩复合地基竖向承载力特性现场试验,测得了荷载-沉降曲线、桩土应力比、桩身轴力以及桩侧负摩阻力等分布规律,分析了不同桩间距与荷载等级下复合地基中桩土协调相互作用和荷载分担比;并进行了同等条件下等混凝土用量圆形桩竖向承载力特性试验和分析。结果表明:复合地基中X形桩桩侧负摩阻力主要发生在0.27倍桩长以上;同等条件下,桩侧负摩阻力最大值约为其正摩阻力最大值的60%;X形桩复合地基桩土荷载分担比较普通圆形桩复合地基桩土荷载分担比更合理,承载力也更高。     

临江软土地基堤路结合工程合理拼接台阶尺寸研究

堤路拼接工程中,既要考虑到新老路堤的变形协调性,又要不影响到老堤的防洪作用,因此合理的台阶尺寸选择非常重要。通过有限元模拟,分析了不同尺寸拼接台阶对于堤路拼接质量的影响。模拟结果表明,设置拼接台阶能够有效改善拼接处的剪应力分布情况,缓解坡脚的应力集中,使新老路基更加有效衔接,但过大的台阶尺寸也会降低拼接质量,应控制开挖台阶尺寸。合理的台阶尺寸应同时考虑拼接处与两侧路基的变形协调性,同时也应考虑对既有老堤稳定性的影响。综合考虑各不同断面设置方案的数值模拟结果,确定最优的拼接台阶尺寸为0．8×1．85m。研究结果将为堤路结合工程的设计和施工提供借鉴和指导作用。