Decoupled 3D moment control using in-wheel motors

Vehicles equipped with in-wheel motors are being studied and developed as a type of electric vehicle. Since these motors are attached to the suspension, a large vertical suspension reaction force is generated during driving. Based on this mechanism, this paper describes the development of a method for independently controlling roll and pitch as well as yaw using driving force distribution control at each wheel. It also details the theoretical calculation of a method for decoupling the dynamic motions. Finally, it describes the application of these 3D dynamic motion control methods to a test vehicle and the confirmation of the performance improvement.     

自行式沥青路面养护车工程配置的量化分析

基于提高作业效率、降低工程成本和实现合理的养护设备保有量的目的,根据道路病害的成因和长期实地观测的结论,分析了沥青混凝土路面病害数量与自然光候、铺筑质量、行车荷载、养护里程和道路通车年限的关系,并以此为基础,提出了自行式多功能沥青路面养护车工程配置的量化方法。     

电动汽车整车运行性能检测试验技术

电动汽车的生产和制造需要符合相关的标准,并且还要对整车的性能进行测试,只有这样才能更好的符合汽车上路的条件。本文主要是将国标要求作为基础来对电动汽车的最高车速、滑行能力、加速性能、制动性能和爬坡能力和能量消耗率和续航里程进行测试,通过实施一定的检测试验方法和配套的相关试验设备来做好检测,并且要对测试的结果进行分析,对电动汽车的运行性能进行进一步的优化,从而推进我国电动汽车行业的更好发展和进步。     

纯电动商用车异质队列的多目标控制

队列行驶的研究能有效解决商用车货运安全、能耗浪费和环境污染等问题,但现有研究多基于单一跟车目标控制的匀质队列,这在货运场景中无法达到很好的控制效果。本文中构造了纯电动异质商用车队列,为其设计了分布式非线性模型预测控制器。根据道路环境信息和车辆跟车、安全、舒适和节能等特性,分别建立了领航车和跟随车的控制器模型,实现异质队列的多目标控制。为验证所提出控制方法的有效性,由5辆动力学特性相异的商用车组成队列,并搭建了控制仿真平台进行Trucksim/Simulink联合仿真。结果表明,本文中提出的控制算法能有效实现异质商用车队列的多目标控制,与PID定速巡航控制相比,能耗可降低5.3%以上。     

城市轨道交通车辆能耗计量及管理系统

介绍了城市轨道交通车辆能耗计量及管理系统的结构、功能.城市轨道交通车辆能耗计量及管理系统采用六通道能耗计量装置和RFID(射频识别)列车定位技术,实现了对地铁车辆能耗的分类计量.建立GPRS(通用分组无线服务)无线传输数据机制和地铁车辆能耗管理平台,处理并存储能耗数据,自动生成曲线和统计报表,实现地铁车辆能耗信息化管理.该系统已在上海轨道交通1号线01A02车型上试点应用,基本功能已得到验证.     

抗拔桩和压顶梁对明挖地铁车站内力影响分析

在高地下水位地区修建地铁车站,往往存在抗浮问题。抗浮问题处理得当与否直接关系着地铁车站正常使用期间的可靠度。而采用不同抗浮措施会对结构内力产生不同的影响,为研究这种影响并希望从结构受力角度对车站抗浮提出一定的建议,结合一个明挖地铁车站实例,针对目前最常见的2种抗浮措施——压顶梁和抗拔桩进行数值计算,发现抗拔桩具有改善结构受力的作用,在结构跨度较大时应采用抗拔桩或者抗拔桩与压顶梁联合抗浮的措施,在结构跨度较小时,可优先考虑压顶梁抗浮。     

Parameters optimisation of a vehicle suspension system using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm

The purpose of this paper is to determine the lumped suspension parameters that minimise a multi-objective function in a vehicle model under different standard PSD road profiles. This optimisation tries to meet the rms vertical acceleration weighted limits for human sensitivity curves from ISO 2631 [ISO-2631: guide for evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration. Europe; 1997] at the driver's seat, the road holding capability and the suspension working space. The vehicle is modelled in the frequency domain using eight degrees of freedom under a random road profile. The particle swarm optimisation and sequential quadratic programming algorithms are used to obtain the suspension optimal parameters in different road profile and vehicle velocity conditions. A sensitivity analysis is performed using the obtained results and, in Class G road profile, the seat damping has the major influence on the minimisation of the multi-objective function. The influence of vehicle parameters in vibration attenuation is analysed and it is concluded that the front suspension stiffness should be less stiff than the rear ones when the driver's seat relative position is located forward the centre of gravity of the car body. Graphs and tables for the behaviour of suspension parameters related to road classes, used algorithms and velocities are presented to illustrate the results. In Class A road profile it was possible to find optimal parameters within the boundaries of the design variables that resulted in acceptable values for the comfort, road holding and suspension working space.     

动应变测量在桥梁动挠度识别中的应用分析

随着桥梁的发展,桥梁的问题也逐渐增多,近年来,我国出现了多起桥梁安全事故,主要是因为桥梁的变形产生,而挠度为桥梁变形的指标,故研究梁的挠度识别很重要。首先,通过分析和介绍位移模态理论与应变模态理论的异同点,以及应变模态理论得到梁的应变模态的表示,在此基础上,提出了互关函数在梁动挠度识别中的应用。然后,通过以实际工程为研究对象,按照1∶10的比例建立桥梁实验模型,桥梁模型全长10m,截面积为2.52cm^2,高50mm,将其分成20段,每0.5m为一个单元,计算其挠度。最后,进行实际桥梁验证,将实际桥梁的测量值与桥梁模型的挠度计算值进行对比。通过实验得到,对梁施加脉冲荷载研究其动挠度的识别值与精确值之间的吻合度,并且得到测量点的布置对吻合度的影响。对梁施加动荷载,即EL CENTRO地震波,通过对比研究动荷载作用下,动挠度的识别值和精确值之间的吻合度,得到互关函数法在动挠度中的应用,对同类型的研究具体一定的参考价值。     

A model-based traction control strategy non-reliant on wheel slip information

A traction control system (TCS) for two-wheel-drive vehicles can conveniently be realised by means of slip control. Such a TCS is modified in this paper in order to be applicable to four-wheel-drive vehicles and anti-lock braking systems, where slip information is not readily available. A reference vehicle model is used to estimate the vehicle velocity. The reference model is excited by a saw-tooth signal in order to adapt the slip for maximum tyre traction performance. The model-based TCS is made robust to vehicle modelling errors by extending it with (i) a superimposed loop of tyre static curve gradient control or (ii) a robust switching controller based on a bi-directional saw-tooth excitation signal. The proposed traction control strategies are verified by experiments and computer simulations.     

预应力混凝土挂孔箱梁施工

结合箱梁的施工过程，着重对混凝土的施工工艺和预应力钢绞线的张拉进行简要介绍，并指出施工中应注意的事项，可为类似工程提供借鉴。