Optimal timetable development for community shuttle network with metro stations

This paper investigates an issue for optimizing synchronized timetable for community shuttles linked with metro service. Considering a passenger arrival distribution, the problem is formulated to optimize timetables for multiple community shuttle routes, with the objective of minimizing passenger’s schedule delay cost and transfer cost. Two constraints, i.e., vehicle capacity and fleet size, are modeled in this paper. The first constraint is treated as soft, and the latter one is handled by a proposed timetable generating method. Two algorithms are employed to solve the problem, i.e., a genetic algorithm (GA) and a Frank–Wolfe algorithm combined with a heuristic algorithm of shifting departure times (FW-SDT). FW-SDT is an algorithm specially designed for this problem. The simulated and real-life examples confirm the feasibility of the two algorithms, and demonstrate that FW-SDT outperforms GA in both accuracy and effectiveness.     

Ultimate strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads,Part 2: An extension of Smith's method

This paper is the second of two companion papers concerning the ultimate hull girder strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads. The nonlinear finite element analysis in Part 1 has shown that local bending deformation of a double bottom due to bottom lateral loads significantly decreases the ultimate hogging strength of container ships. In this Part 2, extending Smith's method for pure bending collapse analysis of a ship's hull girder, a simplified method of progressive collapse analysis of ultimate hogging strength of container ships considering bottom local loads is developed. The double bottom is idealized as a plane grillage and the rest part of the cross section as a prismatic beam. An average stress-average strain relationship of plate/stiffened plate elements employed in Smith's method is transformed into an average stress-average plastic strain relationship, and implemented in the conventional beam finite element as a pseudo strain hardening/softening behaviors. The extended Smith's method is validated through a comparison with nonlinear finite element analysis.     

A reliable location model for heterogeneous systems under partial capacity losses

Due to the interdependency between multiple infrastructure systems, the performance of a facility may depend on the resources or supplies received from other facilities. However, cross-system interdependence has seldom been studied in the location design context, probably due to the lack of a concise model describing interdependence across heterogeneous systems. This paper proposes a new heterogeneous flow scheme to describe cross-system interdependence. This scheme has two features distinguished from existing models in describing an interdependent facility location problem. First, it is a simple linear model upon which a compact facility location model can be built. Secondly, it relaxes the need to maintain flow conservation between different systems and is suitable in describing heterogeneous systems that take in and output different resources or services. Built on this scheme, this paper proposes a reliable location design model for a nexus of interdependent infrastructure systems. This model aims to locate the optimal facility locations in multiple heterogeneous systems to balance the tradeoff between the facility investment and the expected nexus operation performance. Different from other reliable facility location models, this expected performance captures interdependence among heterogeneous systems due to the resource input-output relationships. The consideration of continuous partial capacity losses complements the reliable location literature that mainly focuses on binary disruptions. Two numerical examples are conducted for investigating features and applications of the proposed model. The results indicate that with a standard off-the-shelf integer programming solver, the proposed model is able to solve optimal facility location design for problem instances of realistic scales to the near-optimum solutions with optimality gap assurance. Sensitivity analyses of key parameters indicate that improving facility capacity and reducing interdependency between systems can mitigate impacts of facility capacity losses and reduce the overall system cost.     

Development of hybrid optimization of train schedules model for N-track rail corridors

From a capacity perspective, efficient utilization of a railway corridor has two main objectives; avoidance of schedule conflicts, and finding a proper balance between capacity utilization and level of service (LOS). There are several timetable tools and commercial rail simulation packages available to assist in reaching these objectives, but few of them offer both automatic train conflict resolution and automatic timetable management features for the different types of corridor configurations. This research presents a new rescheduling model to address some of the current limitations. The multi-objective linear programming (LP) model is called “Hybrid Optimization of Train Schedules” (HOTS), and it works together with commercial rail simulation tools to improve capacity utilization or LOS metrics. The HOTS model uses both conflict resolution and timetable compression techniques and is applicable to single-, double-, and multiple-track corridors (N-track networks), using both directional and bi-directional operations. This paper presents the approach, formulation and data requirements for the HOTS model. Single and multi-track case studies test and demonstrate the model’s train conflict resolution and timetable compression capabilities, and the model’s results are validated by using RailSys simulation package. The HOTS model performs well in each tested scenario, providing comparable results (either improved or similar) to the commercial packages.     

螺纹桩竖向承载力及其影响因素研究

为了获得较为精确且工程适用的螺纹桩竖向承载力计算公式,本文分析了螺纹桩竖向承载机理,并获得了螺纹桩竖向极限承载力理论计算公式;以现场试验极限承载力结果为参照,分析了理论计算结果的误差,误差均可接受,说明本文提出的计算公式是合理的。并对螺纹桩竖向极限承载力的影响因素进行了论述,包括螺纹桩桩身长度、螺牙宽度和厚度、螺距和桩身外径等。为螺纹桩的进一步研究应用提供理论支持。     

公路工程工程量清单管理系统的研发与应用

云南省已初步形成一整套科学、完整的标准清单管理体系,这对该省推动公路工程造价管理标准化、规范化和信息化工作具有重要的现实意义。     

TBM大件公路运输遭遇问题及对策

根据多年大件运输的经验，针对TBM运输过程中刀盘、主轴承、主梁及刀盘支撑等超大超限件，系统地总结了可能制约TBM公路运输的诸多难题，例如路面宽度、高度限制，通行荷载要求，连续大坡度上下坡及转弯困扰等，从技术角度提出相应解决办法和措施，可供同行参考，以期顺利实施大件运输。     

圆钢管混凝土柱低周反复加载试验研究

为了研究钢管混凝土柱在低周反复荷载作用下组合材料横截面刚度对其性能的影响,以果园港二期工程上的钢管混凝土柱为原型,对3根钢管混凝土柱进行低周反复加载试验。通过控制试件钢管厚度进行物理模型试验,研究钢管厚度对钢管混凝土柱耗能性能、承载性能、强度退化、刚度退化、延性和变形能力的影响。试验结果表明:随着试件钢管厚度的增加,试件的能量耗散系数与等效黏滞阻尼系数均随之减小,试件的耗能能力随之变弱;钢管厚度越小,钢管混凝土柱试件的耗能性能越好。钢管越厚,对核心混凝土的约束作用就越强,强度退化就越弱,试件塑性变形能力就越好。钢管越厚,外包钢管对核心混凝土约束作用就越强,水平承载能力越高。     

静力触探CPT在水力吹填砂土地基承载力评估中的应用

为了更好控制科威特LNGI工程水力吹填砂土地基质量,合理评估水力吹填砂土地基处理后的承载力,选取基于CPT的3种经验公式,计算满足设计承载力200 kPa作用下所需的最小锥尖阻力qc值。结果显示,Bowles(1996)法和BS EN1997-1:2004 Annex D推荐法计算的最小qc值与水力吹填质量等级有关,但两者结果较接近,而EslaamizaadRobertson(1996)法计算的结果较小,仅为3. 8 MPa。基于保守考虑,最终结果取前两种方法平均值中的最大值7. 5 MPa。同时基于现场实际,在地基处理后预先进行CPT检测,得到平均锥尖阻力远大于计算验收值,并由大型载荷板ZLT试验验证了满足长期沉降的设计承载力。可见,在地基处理后可预先采用CPT对处理后地基处理承载力进行评估并辅助少量大型ZLT试验进行验证,可有效对地基承载力进行验收。     

浅谈苏丹港区工程地质特征

简单介绍苏丹港区珊瑚礁灰岩的地质特征及不均匀风化现象，以及该层的地基承载力。