新能源电动汽车关键技术发展现状与趋势

随着技术的发展,新能源汽车越来越被大众认可,文章论述了新能源汽车的概念与发展现状,阐述了插电式混合动力汽车、燃料电池汽车存在的问题,并分别介绍新能源汽车的关键部件,驱动电机、电池、电池管理系统的发展概况,并且展望了未来的发展趋势,其生产工艺与效率必将大大提升。     

小型航空汽油发动机供油量的模糊控制

为了精确控制小型航空发动机各工况所需的供油量,基于模糊控制理论,研究并设计了小型航空汽油机电控喷油系统,采用局部分层模糊逻辑结构的MISO喷油控制规律,以减少模糊规则数目,简化推理计算过程。在用模糊推理合成法获取电控喷油系统的模糊控制规则时,利用化油器式发动机的试验数据作为输入输出数据,使模糊控制规则合理地反映了发动机的供油规律要求。地面台架试验表明,基于局部分层模糊逻辑结构的模糊运算产生的喷油控制量是精确的,发动机的最大功率提高了6.8%,耗油率降低了11.3%。     

Modeling the effects of congestion on fuel economy for advanced power train vehicles

Fuel-speed curves (FSC) are used to account for the aggregate effects of congestion on fuel consumption in transportation scenario analysis. This paper presents plausible FSC for conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and for advanced vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles, fully electric vehicles (EVs), and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) using a fuel consumption model with transient driving schedules and a set of 145 hypothetical vehicles. The FSC shapes show that advanced power train vehicles are expected to maintain fuel economy (FE) in congestion better than ICE vehicles, and FE can even improve for EV and FCV in freeway congestion. In order to implement these FSC for long-range scenario modeling, a bounded approach is presented which uses a single congestion sensitivity parameter. The results in this paper will assist analysis of the roles that vehicle technology and congestion mitigation can play in reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles.     

船舶燃料稳压过滤供应系统的设计

对船舶燃料的稳定清洁供应进行研究,设计一种船舶燃料稳压过滤供应系统。燃料过滤供应系统可有效过滤杂质,改善燃料品质。燃料稳压供应舱可在舱内实现压力调节,保证燃料供应压力稳定。结合两者优点的船舶燃料稳压过滤供应系统可确保船舶发动机的良好运转,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

The impact of fuel availability on demand for alternative-fuel vehicles

We study the impact of fuel availability on demand for alternative-fuel vehicles, using data from a survey of potential car buyers in Germany. The survey was conducted as a computer-assisted personal interview and included a choice experiment involving cars with various fuel types. Applying a standard logit model, we show that alternative fuel availability influences choices positively, but its marginal utility diminishes with supply. Furthermore, we derive consumers’ marginal willingness-to-pay for an expanded service station network. The results suggest that a failure to expand the availability of alternative fuel stations represents a significant barrier to the widespread adoption of alternative-fuel vehicles.     

An epsilon-optimal algorithm considering greenhouse gas emissions for the management of a ship’s bunker fuel

This paper provides an algorithm to minimize the fixed ordering, purchase, and inventory-carrying costs associated with bunker fuel together with ship time costs; and environmental costs associated with greenhouse gas emissions. It determines the optimum ship speed, bunkering ports, and amounts of bunker fuel for a given ship’s route. To solve the problem, we use an epsilon-optimal algorithm by deriving a property. The algorithm is illustrated by applying it to typical sample data obtained and the effects of bunker prices, carbon taxes, and ship time costs on the ship speed are analyzed. The results indicate that the ship speed and CO₂ emissions are highly sensitive to the factors considered.     

燃油税实施对我国物流业影响的系统动力学分析

运用系统动力学方法,建立了燃油税实施对物流行业整体影响的因果关系模型;分析了物流成本、行业利润等因果循环,并抽样分析了行业20个调查企业的营业收入、燃油成本、物流成本等;建立了一个典型物流企业的单车月燃油成本的系统动力学模型;分析了燃油税征收额、汽车节油技术系数、能源替代系数3个因素对燃油成本变化的灵敏性.分析表明:燃...     

关于征收燃油税的若干问题

以海南省试点征收燃油税为切入点,介绍了国外燃油税征收制度,指出在我国征收燃油税是大势所趋。分析了我国征收燃油税应该面对的若干问题,并提出了解决问题的相应措施。     

含能粘合剂BGAP在水反应金属燃料中的应用研究陈支厦含能粘合剂BGAP在水反应金属燃料中的应用研究

水反应金属燃料是一种近年来备受关注的水下武器的高能推进剂。为了提高水反应金属燃料的能量性能,可以考虑将普通的HTPB粘合剂替换成为含能粘合剂。本文对含能粘合剂BGAP在水反应金属燃料中的应用作了比较系统的阐述。首先介绍了BGAP的主要物理化学性质和特点,然后利用正交试验等方法考察了应用BGAP的金属燃料的制作工艺以及它的燃速特性、药柱密度,获得了对BGAP金属燃料的燃速和密度影响较大的影响因素。最终获得的适用配方的燃速可达10.7mm/s,密度可达1.59g/cm3。研究结果表明,BGAP可以应用在水反应金属燃料中,并且燃料的燃速和密度较为理想。     

高速客运企业燃油消耗定额计算方法研究

对燃油消耗定额制定方法的研究是高速客运企业燃油管理的重要组成部分。采用数学建模的方法,针对影响高速客运企业燃油消耗的因素,结合现有的计算燃油经济性的两种方法对高速客运企业的燃油消耗定额进行科学的分析、计算,达到降低运输成本、减少能耗、完善定额的目的。