某拱桥的加固和维修

某拱桥是一座跨径14m的空腹式无铰石拱桥,修建于1967年,采用了拱背减载法和钢纤维混凝土加固的方法进行加固,文中简要介绍该加固方案的机理、施工工艺以及实施效果。     

顶板设出入口的地铁车站在核爆荷载下受力分析研究

介绍了地铁车站出入口从地铁顶板穿出地面的几种形式和应用情况,结合北京地铁某车站实例,在人防核爆内压荷载、经土层衰减后的人防外压荷载及结构正常荷载组合联合作用下,采用有限元软件对该类型车站的受力做了详细的计算和分析,并对设计中出现的难点进行了处理。取得了较好的效果,为类似工程设计提供了有益的借鉴。     

石板坡大桥钢箱梁车载作用下局部应力分析

石板坡大桥主跨由钢箱梁与预应力混凝土箱梁组成。针对该桥钢箱梁桥面板局部受力复杂的情况，运用ANSYS软件建立了钢箱梁结构分析的空间有限元模型，分析了钢箱梁在车载作用下局部应力的分布特点。     

对现行公路桥梁承载能力鉴定方法的几点探讨

随着公路交通运输逐渐形成高速、重载、大流量的现代格局,对公路桥梁的安全性与适用性提出了更高的要求.因此,正确和科学地评价公路桥梁结构的承载能力和工作性能,对于确保其安全使用、规范其技术鉴定行为和积累旧桥养护、维修和技术改造的相关经验具有十分重要的作用.     

基于路面不平整度的车辆振动响应分析方法

为了分析路面与车辆的相互作用, 提出了四自由度1/2车辆模型相对于不平整路面耦合振动分析方法。根据GB/T7031-1986建议的公路路面功率谱密度的拟合表达式, 在分析了运行汽车固有振动频率和行驶速度的影响后, 获得分布在一定频率范围内的离散功率谱密度数据, 利用离散傅立叶逆变换得到路面不平度值, 并以此作为1/2车辆垂向动力学模型的输入激励, 通过数值仿真得到运行车辆系统在不同路面不平整度下的时域响应。分析结果表明: 车辆动荷载系数随车速增大呈线性增加, 随路面等级变差呈非线性增大, 路面等级是影响车辆动力作用的最显著因素。     

挡土墙基础基底应力重分布分析

有关挡土墙基础基底应力重分布计算的问题在一些书中已有相关论述,但都仅对计算公式作出解释。对挡土墙基底应力重分布的发生背景、重分布后应力的大小和分布范围、应力重分布的工程意义等方面进行探讨。     

铁道车辆运行安全评判的轮对爬轨脱轨准则

为了掌握车辆爬轨脱轨机理及主要影响因素,分析了轮对的三维空间受力,推导了轮轨横向力和垂向力比值的一般表示式,假设车轮在达到最大轮缘接触角时为脱轨的临界状态,并认为这时轮轨间出现完全摩擦滑动,导出了不考虑轮对摇头角的临界脱轨判别的二维准则与考虑轮对摇头角和轮轨蠕滑率效应的三维脱轨判别准则,给出了轮轴脱轨系数的定义,采用轮轴脱轨系数和轮重减载率进行脱轨的判别。仿真计算结果表明:二维脱轨判别准则与三维准则相比偏于保守;摇头角越小甚至变负,越有利于防止脱轨,摇头角越大,三维准则的临界脱轨曲线越接近于二维准则的;减小轮轨摩擦系数与增大轮缘角均有利于防止脱轨的发生。     

Geometrical design of blade＇s surface and boundary control of Navier-Stokes equations

In this article a new principle of geometric design for blade＇s surface of an impeller is provided. This is an optimal control problem for the boundary geometric shape of flow and the control variable is the surface of the blade. We give a minimal functional depending on the geometry of the blade＇s surface and such that the flow＇s loss achieves minimum. The existence of the solution of the optimal control problem is proved and the Euler-Lagrange equations for the surface of the blade are derived. In addition, under a new curvilinear coordinate system, the flow domain between the two blades becomes a fixed hexahedron, and the surface as a mapping from a bounded domain in R2 into R3 , is explicitly appearing in the objective functional. The Navier-Stokes equations, which include the mapping in their coefficients, can be computed by using operator splitting algorithm. Furthermore, derivatives of the solution of Navier- Stokes equations with respect to the mapping satisfy linearized Navier-Stokes equations which can be solved by using operator splitting algorithms too. Hence, a conjugate gradient method can be used to solve the optimal control problem.     

Investigation of Wall Pressure Fluctuations in a Turbulent Boundary Layer by Large Eddy Simulation

Large eddy simulation (LES) was used to investigate the space-time field of the low Mach number, fully developed turbulent boundary layer on a smooth, rigid flat plate. The wall-pressure field simulated by LES was analyzed to obtain the pressure statistics, including the wall-pressure root-mean square, skewness and flatness factors, which show the wall pressure distribution was not Gaussian. The profile of the auto-power spectral density and the contour of the streamwise wavenumber-frequency spectral density of wall-pressure were plotted. The "convection ridge" can be observed clearly and the convection velocity can be calculated from the location of the convection peak.     

某跨线桥单片梁静载试验方案的确定

通过静载试验,模拟石家庄市中山路跨线桥先张法预应力空心板梁梁体的实际受力状态,以确定梁体的承载能力,这项试验可为同行提供参考。