基于CAN总线机舱智能监控仪表的设计

针对船舶机舱温度变化大、振动强度高和控制系统复杂等特点,提出了一种基于CAN总线的机舱智能监控仪表,对机舱设备参数进行实时采集、处理和控制.该智能监控仪表主要由SJA1000和AT89S51芯片构成,其硬件电路、软件设计和智能算法在文中做了详细说明.实验表明:该智能监控仪表能较好地监控设备的运行状态,提供准确、可靠、实时的信息.     

无人水下航行器实时系统设计

针对集中式体系结构已不能满足无人水下航行器(UUV)越来越复杂的水下任务,设计并实现了UUV实时系统,该实时系统以分布式结构为基础,在硬件上采用CAN总线技术,减少了通信时间,提高了实时性,简化了系统,并提供了良好的扩展性;在软件设计上采用μC/OS实时操作系统,方便地实现了逻辑复杂的程序,并进一步满足了系统的实时性.仿真和实时性测试试验结果表明,该系统软、硬件设计满足程序运算、数据存储和实时性的要求,并具有较高的可靠性.     

Planning guidelines for metro–bus interchanges by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model

The big paradigm for cities nowadays is to study the movement of pedestrians at the interface between metro and bus systems – metro–bus interchanges. When these interchanges are not well designed, walking is inefficient and can be unsafe for pedestrians. This paper analyses, by means of a pedestrian microsimulation model, metro–bus interchange spaces in order to propose planning guidelines for the city of Santiago de Chile. Specific objectives are (1) to identify the variables that provide efficiency and safety in those spaces; (2) to simulate different scenarios using the pedestrian simulation model LEGION; (3) to propose planning and design guidelines for pedestrian spaces at metro–bus interchanges; and (4) to contrast the recommendations in the recently opened terminal station on Line 1 of Metro de Santiago: Los Dominicos Station.     

Understanding the impacts of a combination of service improvement strategies on bus running time and passenger’s perception

Transit agencies implement many strategies in order to provide an attractive transportation service. This article aims to evaluate the impacts of implementing a combination of strategies, designed to improve the bus transit service, on running time and passenger satisfaction. These strategies include using smart card fare collection, introducing limited-stop bus service, implementing reserved bus lanes, using articulated buses, and implementing transit signal priority (TSP). This study uses stop-level data collected from the Société de transport de Montréal (STM)’s automatic vehicle location (AVL) and automatic passenger count (APC) systems, in Montréal, Canada. The combination of these strategies has lead to a 10.5% decline in running time along the limited stop service compared to the regular service. The regular route running time has increased by 1% on average compared to the initial time period. The study also shows that riders are generally satisfied with the service improvements. They tend to overestimate the savings associated with the implementation of this combination of strategies by 3.5-6.0 min and by 2.5-4.1 min for both the regular route and the limited stop service, respectively. This study helps transit planners and policy makers to better understand the effects of implementing a combination of strategies to improve running time and passenger’s perception of these changes in service.     

发电机组并联运行有功、无功综合调控技术

介绍了发电机组的转速、电压控制原理以及有功、无功综合调控技术的控制原理;并通过实例介绍了采用该控制技术的船舶电站监控系统。实践表明,融合有功、无功综合调控技术的电站监控系统在投入运行后,实现了任意组态下,并联机组有功、无功功率稳定的自动调整,使得多个电站机组长期并联运行更加可靠。     

城市客车内饰风道设计简述

城市客车内饰风道设计的好坏对车辆的运行性能似乎没有什么影响,往往容易被忽视。风道不仅影响到内饰的美观而且对空调客车内室的保温、减少空调系统的损失,提高运行经济性起到至关重要的作用。这里对城市客车风道的结构设计、材料应用及其隔热措施保温提出了自己的见解,并着重叙述了风道的保温。     

中型客车企业工业污水处理工艺探讨

现代客车整车生产企业在生产中的工业用水主要是车身表面涂前处理废水、打磨废水、油漆处理所产生的油漆废水,常规处理方法是先预处理、再生化处理,难度大,成本高。本公司采用系统分析,分项处理,合理回收利用的新型污水处理工艺。     

混合动力汽车通信网络研究

阐述CAN规范和SAE J1939协议;SAE J1939是适用于货车和客车的应用层协议,对于混合动力汽车却没有统一的应用层协议。本文参照SAE J1939协议格式制定出适用于混合动力汽车(HEV)的应用层协议;结合混合动力汽车的控制特点,提出了CAN总线和LIN总线并用的双总线控制方法;通过实验测试了混合动力汽车CAN总线通信性能。实验结果表明,通信网络性能满足控制的实时性要求。     

低入口城市客车骨架结构模态分析

利用ANSYS程序采用空间梁单元和薄壳单元,对某低入口城市客车车身结构的振动特性进行有限元分析。结果显示,当发动机在怠速工况时,它的振动频率接近于客车车身骨架的固有频率,易发生共振,应尽量避免。     

国外客车被动安全研究

近年来,国外大客车被动安全研究进展迅速,并取得了良好的效果。在欧美等国家,虽然公路客运量比重最大,但与其它交通工具相比,大客车交通事故死亡人数却是最少的,这与这些国家客车的被动安全研究有密切的关系。本文从国外客车事故统计与分析、被动安全研究方法以及目前正在研究的新项目等三方面对国外大型客车被动安全研究的状况进行介绍,以对我国刚刚起步的大客车被动安全的研究工作起到推动作用。