中尼铁路高地温分布特征及地质选线探析

拟建中尼铁路地形复杂,岩性多变,区域深大断裂发育,新构造运动活跃,地震频发,岩浆多期侵入;线路走行于雅鲁藏布江地热活动带和雅鲁藏布江谷地地热活动带,沿线地热极其发育,且具有温度高、天然热流值大的特点。在收集、调查沿线高地温分布特征、研究高地温对工程的影响及高地温热害分级标准及相应治理措施的基础上,从地质角度研究其选线原则。研究认为:拟建中尼铁路地热以中高温-超高温带为主;线路必须绕避可能大范围出现严重热害的高地温地区;当线路必须通过规模较大的高地温地区时,应选择地热边缘地带、构造简单、地热强度弱的地段以桥梁、路基工程通过;隧道通过高地温区时,宜减少隧道埋深。     

中山市中心城区对外交通现状分析及对策研究

中山市的交通运输主要依靠公路和水运两种方式。本文对中山市中心城区对外交通的方式之一 ,即 :道路交通进行分析研究 ,并提出改善措施。     

对船舶中央冷却系统进行流阻及传热分析暨有效的节能措施

作者对船舶中央冷却系统进行流阻及传热分析，得出主海水泵耗功应按冷却所需热负荷和海水温度的变化而自动增减，以取得有效的节能效果。     

冬季进圣彼得斯堡港的几点体会

该文详细介绍了船舶在破冰船引领下进入圣彼得斯堡港途中的船舶操纵。各船之间的必要联系、冰层中锚泊等各种特殊情况及航行经验，以供广大海员参考。     

Land Changes and Conflicts Coordination in Coastal Urbanization: A Case Study of the Shandong Peninsula in China

The coastal zone is an interaction region between land and ocean and an interface of geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, as well as greatly affected by human activities. Driven by economic activities and increased population, urbanization is rapidly developing in coastal zones, and a series of land resource and environmental conflicts have occurred, especially in developing countries at times of economic transition. This article reports a case study of the Shandong Peninsula of East China. We analyze the land-use practices and land cover changes of six cities over a timeframe of nearly a decade. We then review the management conflict issues. The most commonly encountered conflicts fall into three categories: those between expanding constructed land and decreased cultivated land; those between land resource utilization and conservation; and those between increasing demand for land and degrading land quality. All in all, they reflect the fundamental conflicts between short-term economic development gains and long-term food security and ecosystem sustainability. This article puts forward an institutional approach to coordinate these conflicts so as to realize integrated and coordinated coastal management.     

仰拱及调平层渗漏水处理及隧道路基排水设计优化思考

以某隧道施工过程中出现的仰拱及调平层渗漏水的处理为例,分析问题出现的原因,得出在隧道设计阶段,采用中央排水沟进行隧道排水的必要性,达到提高隧道路面使用耐久的目的。     

Challenges and Myths in Norwegian Coastal Zone Management

Abstract

This paper is written in response to a recent publication (Walker, 1973) which questions both the biological basis for wetlands preservation and the usefulnesss of scientific participation in the formulation of management policies. Our major points are that: (1) considerable evidence exists linking wetlands primary production to aquatic secondary production, (2) all available information suggests that large‐scale wetlands destruction results in lowered production of estuarine organisms of interest to man, (3) more than economics needs to be considered in attempts to analyze the procedures by which the wetlands controversy is to be resolved, and (4) uncertainty about the applicability of scientific findings to a particular problem situation does not destroy the usefulness of those findings in reaching a solution to a public controversy.     

铁路集装箱中心站班列编组方案数学模型

针对已开通运营的铁路集装箱中心站相继开行诸多集装箱班列的实际,构建了集装箱班列编组方案选优的数学模型.该模型是在借鉴已有列车编组计划优化模型的基础上,根据其运输组织的特点,建立了在路网情形下,考虑了包括车站班列中转改编能力储备约束和区段牵引定数限制因素在内的单组班列编组方案选优的数学模型.该模型将一支集装箱箱流可能需要二次及其以上中转改编问题转变为多次一站中转改编问题来描述.因而,该模型复杂度大为降低,且为线性0-1规划模型,决策变量规模为2n3 - 5n2+3n.因而,该模型可以应用现有较为成熟的线性规划算法进行求解.另外,该文还运用模型实例来说明该模型对实际问题的有效描述.     

The Quiet Revolution in Visual Resource Management: A view from the coast

Abstract

This introductory piece traces the growth of knowledge and activity associated with visual resource management in general. A specific framework of questions regarding methods of coastal zone visual resource management is presented. The state‐of‐the‐art in methodological studies is listed for each question, and the methodological questions are related to the major articles with the special issue of the Coastal Zone Management Journal. Major legal federal statutes, state statutes, and court cases are reviewed in light of visual resource management in the coastal zone. The remaining articles within the special issue that deal with integration of VRM into decision‐making are then arrayed against a management framework. This framework includes regulatory situations for (1) public land management and planning, (2) public projects involving private lands, and (3) public regulation of private projects.     

Examining Local Coastal Zone Management Capacity in U.S. Pacific Coastal Counties

The coastal zone has critical natural, commercial, recreational, ecological, industrial, and esthetic values for current and future generations. Thus, there are increasing pressures from population growth and coastal land development. Local coastal land use planning plays an important role in implementing the U.S. Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) by establishing goals and performance policies for addressing critical coastal issues. This study extends the CZMA Performance Measurement System from the national level to the local land use level by measuring coastal zone land use plan quality and political context in fifty-three Pacific coastal counties. Plan quality is measured using an evaluation protocol defined by five components and sixty-eight indicators. The results indicate a reasonable correspondence between national goals and local coastal zone land use planning goals, but a slight gap might exist between the national/state versus local levels in the overall effectiveness of coastal zone management (CZM) efforts. The results show many U.S. Pacific coastal counties lack strong coastal zone land use plans because the average plan quality score was only 22.7 out of 50 points. Although these plans set relatively clear goals and objectives, they are somewhat weaker in their factual basis, identify a limited range of the available planning tools and techniques, and establish few coordination and implementation mechanisms. The regression analysis results indicate that CZM plan quality was not significantly related to any of the jurisdictional characteristics.