桥梁构件养护编码与快速识别方法

为了便于桥梁养护与管理,提高桥梁精细化管养的水平,在分析国内外相关行业的信息分级与编码体系的基础上,结合桥梁属性和养护特点,提出了桥梁构件养护编码与快速识别方法,制定了精确到构件级的分级编码结构和分类代码。据此,基于二维码应用设计了桥梁构件智能信息标签,采用APP扫描信息标签的方式对桥梁构件进行识别,初步建立了一套适用于桥梁构件养护编码与快速识别方法。应用结果表明,该方法能建立全面、统一和精确到设施构件级的身份标识并能快速识别桥梁构件,为桥梁全生命周期养护管理奠定基础,极大提升了桥梁养护效率和质量。     

基于GIS平台的地铁客流预测模型构建

借助GIS平台,对公交线网进行编码,并利用ArcGis的缓冲和叠加分析工具,建立公交站点和地铁站点的空间对应关系。根据调查得到的公交线路站间OD矩阵,利用地铁意向调查标定的参数结果,得到公交客流转移到地铁的比例。基于GIS平台构建的地铁客流预测模型,可以有效地提高建模速度,并能对公交线路调整进行快速反应。     

简谈客运专线车站电码化一些问题的特殊设计

结合电码化相关技术条件和列车运行规则等情况,对客运专线车站电码化设计中遇见的一些特殊设计进行探讨。     

欧洲应答器编码策略的安全性研究

应答器信息在车-地间进行无线传输过程中的安全可靠性对于保障列控系统的安全十分重要。我国列车控制系统(CTCS)已将应答器作为CTCS-1及以上级别系统的关键设备,用于向运行列车传输列控安全信息。本文分析了应答器信息在传输和接收过程中可能存在的随机突发错误、异步传输错误、长短帧报文误译及报文切换时错译等各种错误模式。为保证信息传输和接收过程的安全可靠性,研究了欧洲应答器编码策略中采用的CRC循环冗余码及同步信息码校验、10到11 bit字转换、整形约束条件检查等防护措施在编、译码过程中对以上错误模式的防范能力,从理论上论证得到:欧洲应答器编码策略有效保证了应答器信息在传输和接收过程中的安全性,对于我国研制适用于CTCS的应答器具有借鉴作用。     

基于马尔可夫过程的快速路OD矩阵估计方法

为得到城市快速路网络的OD矩阵,引入马尔可夫理论.运用吸收马尔可夫过程对快速路网络进行建模分析,给出相应求解算法推导路段流量,小区OD矩阵表达式,并介绍了运用MATLAB软件进行矩阵求解的方法.最后进行了算例分析,利用VISSIM仿真,通过布设线圈检测器,对OD矩阵估计模型及算法进行精度评价.结果显示,模型可很好地拟合...     

Origin–destination synthesis for aviation network data: examining hub operations in the domestic and international US markets

Hub‐and‐spoke networking is a key feature of current aviation markets in which hubs, as connecting points, function to consolidate and redistribute flows. This indicates that observation of traffic on a segment does not necessarily convey information about the origin to destination routing of passenger journeys because of the unavoidable detours in the system. This paper examines the heterogeneity of the flow composition in domestic and international US markets, which in turn allows us to observe the variation of operations across major hubs. A modified Route Flow Estimator for origin–destination synthesis (or origin–destination matrix estimation) is designed to decompose the segment traffic into itinerary‐based passenger trips. Several public and commercial databases, which are easily accessible, are exploited (and reconciled) for the model in order to (i) generate possible trip itineraries using those segment markets, and (ii) link data‐driven operational conditions with the underlying segment flows. The results are validated with US domestic trip observations and empirical knowledge related to the air transportation system. Then, the variability of the hub operations is examined based on sensitivity tests using the model parameters. From the resolution of itinerary‐based estimates, we observe that major airports' hub operations are spatially uneven, particularly with respect to domestic and international connecting passengers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A theoretical foundation for the relationship between generalized origin–destination matrix and flow matrix based on ordinal graph trajectories

This paper shows the relationship between flow, generalized origin–destination (OD), and alternative route flow from a set of ordinal graph trajectories. In contrast to traffic assignment methods that employ OD matrix to produce flow matrix, we use ordinal trajectory on a network graph as input and produce both the generalized OD matrix and the flow matrix, with the alternative and substitute route flow matrices as additional outputs. By using linear algebra‐like operations on matrix sets, the relationship between network utilization (in terms of flow, generalized OD, alternative route flow, and desire line) and network structure (in terms of distance matrix and adjacency matrix) are derived. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A mathematical programming technique for matching time-stamped records in logistics and transportation systems

Time-stamped data for transportation and logistics are essential for estimating times on transportation legs and times between successive stages in logistic processes. Often these data are subject to recording errors and omissions. Matches must then be inferred from the time stamps alone because identifying keys are unavailable, suppressed to preserve confidentiality, or ambiguous because of missing observations. We present an integer programming (IP) model developed for matching successive events in such situations and illustrate its application in three problem settings involving (a) airline operations at an airport, (b) taxi service between an airport and a train station, and (c) taxi services from an airport. With data from the third setting (where a matching key was available), we illustrate the robustness of estimates for median and mean times between events under different random rates for “failure to record”, different screening criteria for outliers, and different target times used in the IP objective. The IP model proves to be a tractable and informative tool for data matching and data cleaning, with a wide range of potential applications.     

对体系运行中假记录的探讨

国际安全管理规则（ISM）实施后,各航运公司相继实施了体系化管理,体系的建立与运行推动了各航运公司的各项管理工作,对保障船公司船舶安全与防污染起到了根本性的作用。然而,体系运行的有效性问题一直困扰着各家公司。本文分析了体系运行中＂假记录＂的产生原因、危害及治理方法,仅供同行参考。     

Joint distortion model for progressive image transmission using error correcting arithmetic codes

A novel joint source channel distortion model was proposed, which can essentially estimate the average distortion in progressive image transmission. To improve the precision of the model, the redundancy generated by a forbidden symbol in the arithmetic codes is used to distinguish the quantization distortion and the channel distortion, all the coefficients from the first error one to the end of the sequence are set to be a value within the variance range of the coefficients instead of zero, then the error propagation coming from the entropy coding can be essentially estimated, which is disregarded in the most conventional joint source channel coding （JSCC） systems. The precision of the model in terms of average peak-signal-to-noise has been improved about 0.5 dB compared to classical works. An efficient unequal error protection system based on the model is developed, and can be used in the wireless communication systems.