地下轨道交通和综合管廊协同建设相关问题研究

为推动轨道交通和综合管廊的协同发展,系统解决马路拉链、交通拥堵等城市发展问题,合理利用有限的城市土地资源,从必要性和可行性方面对轨道交通和综合管廊协同建设进行研究探讨,并给出具体的实施方案。结果表明： 1）轨道交通和综合管廊协同建设可实现城市空间的合理布局和优化配置,节约用地和成本,提高决策效率; 2）轨道交通和综合管廊的规划区域、技术要求和建设工法等较为一致,协同建设的可行性较高; 3）有关各方需建立完善的沟通管理机制,统筹协调多种要素,充分发挥规划引领作用和总承包单位的综合协调作用; 4）应根据综合管廊与轨道交通区间隧道、车站及附属建筑的埋深、场地条件、实施难度、建设成本和时间要求等,合理确定两者的相对位置和建设方案。     

Application of the optimal Latin hypercube design and radial basis function network to collaborative optimization

Improving the efficiency of ship optimization is crucial for modern ship design. Compared with traditional methods, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is a more promising approach. For this reason, Collaborative Optimization (CO) is discussed and analyzed in this paper. As one of the most frequently applied MDO methods, CO promotes autonomy of disciplines while providing a coordinating mechanism guaranteeing progress toward an optimum and maintaining interdisciplinary compatibility. However, there are some difficulties in applying the conventional CO method, such as difficulties in choosing an initial point and tremendous computational requirements. For the purpose of overcoming these problems, optimal Latin hypercube design and Radial basis function network were applied to CO. Optimal Latin hypercube design is a modified Latin Hypercube design. Radial basis function network approximates the optimization model, and is updated during the optimization process to improve accuracy. It is shown by examples that the computing efficiency and robustness of this CO method are higher than with the conventional CO method.     

基于协同设计的冲突检测与消解研究

异地合作环境下产品协同设计需要多学科多领域专家的参与,本文主要介绍了多个协同小组共享多种资源时避免冲突的矩阵搜索法,建立了冲突解决模型,构建了协同设计系统结构,并探讨了基于协商的冲突解决方法,最后实例验证了方法的可行性。     

面向项目价值的城市轨道交通PPP项目协同特殊目的公司(SPV)模式研究

目前,城市轨道交通PPP(政府与社会资本合作)项目正在全国范围内迅速推广,然而现有PPP操作模式尚未得到政府方与社会资本方的一致认同,仍存在系列问题致使PPP效能得不到充分发挥。基于此,通过引入治理理论对城市轨道交通PPP项目的操作模式进行研究,构建了面向项目价值的城市轨道交通PPP项目协同SPV(特殊目的公司)模式,实现提升城市轨道交通PPP项目价值的目标。调研结果显示,该模式得到了市场的广泛认同,为进一步提升城市轨道交通PPP项目价值提供了理论支持。     

中职汽修专业“双元双导 校店融合”协同育人模式实践研究

在汽车产业快速发展,以及汽车消费市场不断扩大带动下,社会对汽修专业人才的需求也随之大幅度提升。这也对中职汽修专业的教育培养工作提出了更高要求,对此,各中职院校应紧跟时代发展步伐,加强对"双元双导校店融合"协同育人模式的应用研究,以此来为中职院校拓展出更理想的发展前景,培养出更多优秀人才。     

电动汽车与电网互动的关键问题研究综述

电动汽车大规模无序接入将给电网带来峰谷差增大、电能质量下降、电网运行优化控制难度增加等不利影响。应用电动汽车与电网互动技术（Vehicle-to-Grid, V2G）控制电动汽车的充放电过程,可有效缓解上述问题,并起到削峰填谷、平抑可再生能源的作用。近十年来,该项技术已成为电动汽车与电力系统领域的研究热点。阐述了电动汽车与电网互动的基本概念及发展现状,重点从电动汽车集群充电需求和放电能力的时空分布、基于V2G的协同调度、市场机制及经济运营三方面进行梳理,分析了V2G在“双碳”背景下的机遇和挑战,对电动汽车调度及应用问题研究中常用的求解方法进行了总结,同时展望了V2G技术的未来研究方向。     

城市轨道交通与道路公交协同运营方案研究

"轨道交通为骨干、道路公交为补充"的城市公共交通发展策略体现了城市公交"一体化"发展方向。以城市轨道交通与社区道路公交组成的出行系统特征分析为出发点,基于城市轨道交通与社区道路公交各自的运营特点,以最优化出行者出行耗时为目的,通过概率论和计算机仿真的技术,优化二者间的运营组织,实现城市轨道交通与道路公交的协同运营,保障城市轨道交通的骨干地位,提高了城市轨道交通的集疏效率,为城市公交"一体化"发展战略的实施提供实践支撑。     

Challenges in Collaborative Governance for Coastal Restoration: Lessons from the Caernarvon River Diversion in Louisiana

In an effort to restore deteriorating coastal wetlands in Breton Sound, Louisiana, a diversion of Mississippi River water into the estuarine ecosystem has been operated at Caernarvon, Louisiana, since 1991. The diversion was implemented after a relatively long collaborative planning process beginning in the 1950s. The Caernarvon Interagency Advisory Committee, an official panel of stakeholders, considers scientific aspects of the freshwater inflow and stakeholder inputs in developing an operational plan, which internalizes stakeholder conflicts, while accomplishing goals of restoring the coastal ecosystem. Even though fishery representatives are committee members, local oyster fishers filed lawsuits in federal and state courts from 1994 through 2005, claiming damages to their oyster beds. These lawsuits were initially successful in state courts but were reversed by the Louisiana Supreme Court. The federal suits were unsuccessful. Following these lawsuits, voters in Louisiana in 2000 amended the State Constitution to protect coastal restoration projects against lawsuits reflecting increase in overall statewide support. Increasing scientific knowledge has contributed significantly to diversion operation. For better collaborative governance, efforts to increase common understanding among stakeholders will be needed, and a process to compensate interests of stakeholders suffering from impacts of restoration projects at an earlier stage should be institutionalized.     

考虑定制化列车的运行图与能力协同优化方法

基于调查数据建立旅客在不同时间段的乘车概率函数,分析旅客对定制化列车的开行时间及坐席类型等具体需求。考虑需求、停站、运行时间等约束条件建立定制化列车开行备选集,整合可行的定制化列车开行方案。建立加开定制化列车情况下,同时满足企业收益最大化和剩余可用能力最大化的双层协同优化模型。构建优化算法进行模型求解,得到基于定制化列车,且同时考虑既有列车调整成本和能力使用情况的运行图。最后,以内蒙古自治区呼和浩特-乌海线路为例进行分析,结果表明,既有列车的单位调整成本会影响定制化列车的开行,定制化列车的开行对运行图的整体结构和剩余可用能力也均有影响。